固体火箭发动机结构系统可靠性Monte—Carlo数字仿真

使用了一种处理大型复杂系统可靠性的Ｍｏｎｔｅ－Ｃａｒｌｏ模拟方法，即通过建立系统的故障树（ＦＴ）模型，采用直接模拟法随机模拟来获取系统的工作可靠度参量。特别当底事件（ＢＥ）为Ｎｏｎ－Ｍａｒｋｏｖ型分布时非常有效。最后，对某型号固体火箭发动机结构系统工作可靠性进行了仿真。     

一种测量旋转条件下底排装药燃速的方法

给出了一种利用高速摄影技术测量旋转条件下底排装药燃速的方法，其测量误差小于０．８％，并建立了燃速增大系数与径向加速度之间的函数关系。从实验得出，当径向加速度达到某一临界限值时才会出现旋转效应。     

环面Fuchs方程解的性质及其可积性

研究环面Ｔ＾２上只有一个正则奇点的Ｆｕｃｈｓ方程，得到了参数ｒ＝６时，方程有一个椭圆函数解，其任何解皆为半纯函数，以及方程的单值群为可解群的结果。在此基础上，将Ｒｉｅｍａｎｎ球面上Ｆｕｃｈｓ方程的可积性概念推广到环面上，并得到一系列环面Ｆｕｃｈｓ方程都是可积的结果。     

飞机设计选材专家系统的开发

在对飞机设计选材工作进行分析的基础上,提出基于浏览器/服务器(B/S,Browser/Service)结构的飞机设计选材专家系统总体框架和系统各功能的实现方式,并开发了系统的原型.该系统将基于规则、案例和模型的选材方法结合在一起,通过一个通用的推理机实现推理.该推理机功能通过CLIPS(C Language Integrated Production System)专家系统开发工具实现.该系统主要有3个工作步骤:选材的定性推理,材料检索和材料综合性能排序.用户可以方便地使用浏览器对系统进行访问和操作.该系统飞机机翼大梁选材实例验证了该系统的有效性,可对飞机设计人员的选材工作起指导作用.     

TC18钛合金焊接接头力学性能试验研究

氩弧焊和电子束焊是钛合金加工中两类常见的工艺方法,对比研究两种工艺对焊接接头力学性能的影响对其在工程中的合理选用具有重要的参考价值。完成了TC18钛合金氩弧焊接头和电子束焊接头的静力拉伸及旋转弯曲疲劳试验,并根据试验结果对两类焊接接头的力学性能进行了对比分析,采用统计学方法给出了二者的中值疲劳寿命SN曲线及疲劳极限。研究结果表明：氩弧焊接头焊缝区内晶粒粗大,使得材料的力学性能明显劣化;电子柬焊接头具有更高的抗拉强度与更好的高周疲劳性能,更有利于工程应用。     

飞机空中跳伞应急出口切割装置设计与试验

爆破切割蒙皮形成应急出口在飞机上的应用国内尚属首次,其最大优点是节省救生准备时间.从爆炸减压、结构变形、结构强度、爆炸反向冲击等方面进行了理论计算,分析了高空爆破切割形成应急出口的可行性.针对切割索弯折过框及长桁降低切割效果问题,进行了摸底试验和余度试验,试验结果表明:只要过框位置切割索弯折后与框距离控制在2~8mm,过长桁位置切割索弯折后与长桁距离不大于2mm,就可以满足切割分离要求,切割索弯折后相互之间不产生影响.通过1∶1地面验证试验,证明了爆破切割蒙皮形成应急出口的可行性,并成功安装于某型飞机上.研究成果可为其他型号采用爆破切割技术提供理论基础和试验数据支持.     

The PROCESS experiment: amino and carboxylic acids under Mars-like surface UV radiation conditions in low-earth orbit

The search for organic molecules at the surface of Mars is a top priority of the next Mars exploration space missions: Mars Science Laboratory (NASA) and ExoMars (ESA). The detection of organic matter could provide information about the presence of a prebiotic chemistry or even biological activity on this planet. Therefore, a key step in interpretation of future data collected by these missions is to understand the preservation of organic matter in the martian environment. Several laboratory experiments have been devoted to quantifying and qualifying the evolution of organic molecules under simulated environmental conditions of Mars. However, these laboratory simulations are limited, and one major constraint is the reproduction of the UV spectrum that reaches the surface of Mars. As part of the PROCESS experiment of the European EXPOSE-E mission on board the International Space Station, a study was performed on the photodegradation of organics under filtered extraterrestrial solar electromagnetic radiation that mimics Mars-like surface UV radiation conditions. Glycine, serine, phthalic acid, phthalic acid in the presence of a mineral phase, and mellitic acid were exposed to these conditions for 1.5 years, and their evolution was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy after their retrieval. The results were compared with data from laboratory experiments. A 1.5-year exposure to Mars-like surface UV radiation conditions in space resulted in complete degradation of the organic compounds. Half-lives between 50 and 150?h for martian surface conditions were calculated from both laboratory and low-Earth orbit experiments. The results highlight that none of those organics are stable under low-Earth orbit solar UV radiation conditions.     

An innovative high accuracy autonomous navigation method for the Mars rovers

Autonomous navigation is an important function for a Mars rover to fulfill missions successfully. It is a critical technique to overcome the limitations of ground tracking and control traditionally used. This paper proposes an innovative method based on SINS (Strapdown Inertial Navigation System) with the aid of star sensors to accurately determine the rover?s position and attitude. This method consists of two parts: the initial alignment and navigation. The alignment consists of a coarse position and attitude initial alignment approach and fine initial alignment approach. The coarse one is used to determine approximate position and attitude for the rover. This is followed by fine alignment to tune the approximate solution to accurate one. Upon the completion of initial alignment, the system can be used to provide real-time navigation solutions for the rover. An autonomous navigation algorithm is proposed to estimate and compensate the accumulated errors of SINS in real time. High accuracy attitude information from star sensor is used to correct errors in SINS. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methods can achieve a high precision autonomous navigation for Mars rovers.     

矩形截面型材拉弯成形

针对铝合金矩形中空截面挤压型材进行了不同预拉和补拉的拉弯成形试验研究,获取了预拉和补拉对成形精度的影响规律.截面畸变是影响成形精度最主要的因素,由弯曲过程中的径向压力引起.试验表明,型材靠模弯曲即发生截面畸变,主要表现为上腹板的塌陷,沿型材长度方向截面畸变量不同,最大畸变量并不位于型材中间对称截面处;增大预拉和补拉,截面畸变增大.弯曲卸载回弹是影响零件贴模度的主要因素,其大小受多种因素影响,规律复杂.增大预拉和补拉,回弹减小;当预拉和补拉增大到一定值时,增大拉伸量减小回弹的效果不再明显.     

轴向磁通磁场调制型电机的解析分析

提出了一种新型二维解析分析方法用于计算轴向磁通磁场调制型电机的气隙磁场分布和电机特性。对电机每个子域列出拉普拉斯方程或泊松方程并结合边界条件,求解出每个子域的矢量磁位,进而得到气隙磁场分布、空载反电势、电磁转矩和轴向磁拉力的解析表达式。为了评估解析方法的计算精度,对二维解析分析结果和三维有限元仿真结果进行了比较,结果表明二维解析计算结果的计算误差在10.3%以内。由于解析分析在保证计算精度的前提下大大缩短了计算时间,因此该方法适用于轴向磁通磁场调制型电机初始设计阶段电机参数的确定。