六氟化硫和三氟溴甲烷对电离层电子捕获能力对比

六氟化硫（SF₆）和三氟溴甲烷（CF₃Br）是目前发现的在电离层释放作用效果较好的两种物质.利用气相色谱elax-elax电子捕获检测器（GC-ECD）对SF₆和CF₃Br的电子捕获能力进行实验研究,并采用密度泛函理论（DFT）对两种物质进行理论计算,最后对实验结果和理论计算结果进行对比分析.GC-ECD实验结果表明,SF₆和CF₃Br在ECD检测器上均有较好的响应,且CF₃Br在ECD检测器上的响应强于SF₆.DFT理论计算结果表明,SF₆和CF₃Br都具有捕获电子的潜力.综合实验结果与理论计算结果可知,SF₆和CF₃Br都具有捕获电子的潜力,且均有较好的电子捕获效果,相对于SF₆,CF₃Br电子捕获效果更好.     

冻融与侵蚀作用下引气混凝土劣化微观机理

对经历冻融循环和海水浸泡交替作用后含气量为5.9%的引气混凝土试件进行抗压强度、质量损失、相对动弹性模量及扫描电子显微镜检测,以研究冻融循环和海水浸泡交替作用下引气混凝土的劣化机理.通过观察引气混凝土试件表面和中间处的微观结构,发现未受到冻融循环时,几乎不见裂缝和晶体,随着冻融循环次数增加,微裂缝逐渐发展,当冻融循环达到300次时,主裂缝深入发展,并有晶体产生.可见海水侵蚀和冻融循环交替作用,导致微裂缝产生并发展,同时化学反应产生了晶体.物理和化学损伤累积导致引气混凝土抗压强度降低达8.5%,但是相对动弹性模量和质量损失在冻融循环和海水浸泡交替作用前后均变化较小.     

民航英语主位、述位分析及其翻译研究

在以韩礼德系统功能语言学为基础研究翻译的"功能途径"中,主位述位理论从语篇结构的角度探讨了结构对等和语义对等的实现方式。通过分析语篇主位和述位结构,把握语篇主位推进模式的语言学方法是实现原文和译文语篇功能对等的有效途径之一。在对民航英语这类专门用途用语(ESP)进行语篇分析和翻译的过程中,主位分析理论对于把握作者写作意图、理清小句结构、实现语篇功能对等有积极的作用。     

Towards PPP-RTK: Ambiguity resolution in real-time precise point positioning

Integer ambiguity resolution at a single station can be achieved by introducing predetermined uncalibrated phase delays (UPDs) into the float ambiguity estimates of precise point positioning (PPP). This integer resolution technique has the potential of leading to a PPP-RTK (real-time kinematic) model where PPP provides rapid convergence to a reliable centimeter-level positioning accuracy based on an RTK reference network. Nonetheless, implementing this model is technically subject to how rapidly we can fix wide-lane ambiguities, stabilize narrow-lane UPD estimates, and achieve the first ambiguity-fixed solution. To investigate these issues, we used 7 days of 1-Hz sampling GPS data at 91 stations across Europe. We find that at least 10 min of observations are required for most receiver types to reliably fix about 90% of wide-lane ambiguities corresponding to high elevations, and over 20 min to fix about 90% of those corresponding to low elevations. Moreover, several tens of minutes are usually required for a regional network before a narrow-lane UPD estimate stabilizes to an accuracy of far better than 0.1 cycles. Finally, for hourly data, ambiguity resolution can significantly improve the accuracy of epoch-wise position estimates from 13.7, 7.1 and 11.4 cm to 0.8, 0.9 and 2.5 cm for the East, North and Up components, respectively, but a few tens of minutes is required to achieve the first ambiguity-fixed solution. Therefore, from the timeliness aspect, our PPP-RTK model currently cannot satisfy the critical requirement of instantaneous precise positioning where ambiguity-fixed solutions have to be achieved within at most a few seconds. However, this model can still be potentially applied to some near-real-time remote sensing applications, such as the GPS meteorology.     

加热温度对TC4钛合金的空冷组织及热疲劳抗力的影响

对经不同温度加热随后空冷的ＴＣ４钛合金在－１９６～３５０℃范围内进行了外约束型热疲劳试验。结果表明：经单相区加热的合金，其热疲劳裂纹易于沿原β相晶界处萌生，以穿晶的方式扩展，对热疲劳裂纹萌生抗力较低。而经９５０℃加热的合金，其热疲劳裂纹易于沿初生α相与基体（条形的α＋β相）的界面处萌生，裂纹易于切过条形的α＋β相扩展，其热疲劳裂纹萌生抗力最高。经９００℃加热的合金，其热疲劳裂纹易于沿初生α相与基体的界面处萌生并沿其扩展，合金的热疲劳裂纹萌生抗力也较低     

某型战机追踪导引研究

基于对广泛应用与研究的各种比例导引律的比较与分析，提出应用纯比例导引实现战机追踪导引的方法，并通过追踪以不同机动方式逃逸的飞行目标的仿真，说明了它的正确性与可行性。     

Super twisting controller for on-orbit servicing to non-cooperative target

A relative position and attitude coupled controller is proposed for rendezvous and docking between two docking ports located in different spacecraft. It is concerned with servicing to a tumbling non-cooperative target spacecraft in arbitrary orbit subjected to external disturbances.By considering both kinematic and dynamical coupled effects of relative rotation on relative translation, a coupled dynamic model is established to represent the relative motion of docking port on target spacecraft with respect to another on the service spacecraft. The spacecraft control is based on the second order sliding mode algorithm of super twisting(ST). It is schemed to manipulate the relative position and attitude synchronously. A formal proof of the finite time convergence property of the closed-loop system is derived theoretically by the second method of Lyapunov. Numerical simulations with the designed ST controller are presented to validate the analytic analysis by contrast with the twisting control algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed relative position and attitude integrated controller is characterized by high precision, strong robustness and high reliability.     

基于两级优化策略的导弹可变翼优化设计

针对多任务、可变翼导弹的外形优化设计需求,提出了一种两级优化方法,研究变形弹翼对导弹总质量和飞行性能的影响。在给定的任务和基准方案下,采用遗传算法和模式搜索法混合优化策略,完成了弹翼优化。结果显示,优化后的导弹发射质量和燃料消耗分别减小了5.46%和15.25%。     

测控网安全防护体系研究

从多个角度分析了测控网面临的安全威胁,研究了ESA(欧空局)和NASA(美国国家航空航天局)安全标准体系、安全技术应用和安全管理,总结了国外安全防护体系建设在顶层设计、制度建设、安全训练、威胁感知等方面的特点。基于我国测控网的特点,研究了边界安全、数据安全、终端安全以及备份与恢复等层面安全技术的部署,提出一个基于安全域划分的安全防护技术框架,其中各安全域可根据任务需要进行裁剪或扩展,具有一定灵活性。同时,在综合考虑规章制度、安全训练、安全技术以及安全审计与咨询等多种因素基础上,提出一个安全管理模型,该模型提供了安全管理与安全技术紧密结合的方法。