靶材厚度对透射式激光烧蚀性能的影响

为从微观角度更加直观地研究靶材厚度对透射式激光烧蚀微推进性能的影响,采用刮涂法制作了6种不同厚度的聚叠氮缩水甘油醚/硝化棉(GAP/NC)共混聚合物掺杂红外吸收染料(IR)的烧蚀靶材,基于高速相机和高倍显微镜搭建了羽流观测系统和靶坑观测系统,研究了在纳秒脉冲激光辐照下,烧蚀厚度分别为33μm,53μm,78μm,104μm,125μm和144μm的GAP/NC+IR靶材所产生的羽流流场随时间演变的微观过程和靶坑形貌的微观特征,从而建立了透射式激光烧蚀的微观特征与宏观推进性能的联系,进一步分析了其所表征的推进性能的优劣。结果表明:随着靶材厚度的增加,靶材的前沿喷射物初始速度由2100m/s单调降至1340m/s左右,预示着烧蚀比冲的减小;喷射物中大颗粒凝聚态物质增多,靶坑的体积增大,喷射质量增加,预示着烧蚀产生的冲量和冲量耦合系数的增大;喷射发散角减小,羽流方向性变好,但烧蚀过程对基底的冲击程度增强。     

冻融与侵蚀作用下引气混凝土劣化微观机理

对经历冻融循环和海水浸泡交替作用后含气量为5.9%的引气混凝土试件进行抗压强度、质量损失、相对动弹性模量及扫描电子显微镜检测,以研究冻融循环和海水浸泡交替作用下引气混凝土的劣化机理.通过观察引气混凝土试件表面和中间处的微观结构,发现未受到冻融循环时,几乎不见裂缝和晶体,随着冻融循环次数增加,微裂缝逐渐发展,当冻融循环达到300次时,主裂缝深入发展,并有晶体产生.可见海水侵蚀和冻融循环交替作用,导致微裂缝产生并发展,同时化学反应产生了晶体.物理和化学损伤累积导致引气混凝土抗压强度降低达8.5%,但是相对动弹性模量和质量损失在冻融循环和海水浸泡交替作用前后均变化较小.     

民航英语主位、述位分析及其翻译研究

在以韩礼德系统功能语言学为基础研究翻译的"功能途径"中,主位述位理论从语篇结构的角度探讨了结构对等和语义对等的实现方式。通过分析语篇主位和述位结构,把握语篇主位推进模式的语言学方法是实现原文和译文语篇功能对等的有效途径之一。在对民航英语这类专门用途用语(ESP)进行语篇分析和翻译的过程中,主位分析理论对于把握作者写作意图、理清小句结构、实现语篇功能对等有积极的作用。     

Towards PPP-RTK: Ambiguity resolution in real-time precise point positioning

Integer ambiguity resolution at a single station can be achieved by introducing predetermined uncalibrated phase delays (UPDs) into the float ambiguity estimates of precise point positioning (PPP). This integer resolution technique has the potential of leading to a PPP-RTK (real-time kinematic) model where PPP provides rapid convergence to a reliable centimeter-level positioning accuracy based on an RTK reference network. Nonetheless, implementing this model is technically subject to how rapidly we can fix wide-lane ambiguities, stabilize narrow-lane UPD estimates, and achieve the first ambiguity-fixed solution. To investigate these issues, we used 7 days of 1-Hz sampling GPS data at 91 stations across Europe. We find that at least 10 min of observations are required for most receiver types to reliably fix about 90% of wide-lane ambiguities corresponding to high elevations, and over 20 min to fix about 90% of those corresponding to low elevations. Moreover, several tens of minutes are usually required for a regional network before a narrow-lane UPD estimate stabilizes to an accuracy of far better than 0.1 cycles. Finally, for hourly data, ambiguity resolution can significantly improve the accuracy of epoch-wise position estimates from 13.7, 7.1 and 11.4 cm to 0.8, 0.9 and 2.5 cm for the East, North and Up components, respectively, but a few tens of minutes is required to achieve the first ambiguity-fixed solution. Therefore, from the timeliness aspect, our PPP-RTK model currently cannot satisfy the critical requirement of instantaneous precise positioning where ambiguity-fixed solutions have to be achieved within at most a few seconds. However, this model can still be potentially applied to some near-real-time remote sensing applications, such as the GPS meteorology.     

加热温度对TC4钛合金的空冷组织及热疲劳抗力的影响

对经不同温度加热随后空冷的ＴＣ４钛合金在－１９６～３５０℃范围内进行了外约束型热疲劳试验。结果表明：经单相区加热的合金，其热疲劳裂纹易于沿原β相晶界处萌生，以穿晶的方式扩展，对热疲劳裂纹萌生抗力较低。而经９５０℃加热的合金，其热疲劳裂纹易于沿初生α相与基体（条形的α＋β相）的界面处萌生，裂纹易于切过条形的α＋β相扩展，其热疲劳裂纹萌生抗力最高。经９００℃加热的合金，其热疲劳裂纹易于沿初生α相与基体的界面处萌生并沿其扩展，合金的热疲劳裂纹萌生抗力也较低     

某型战机追踪导引研究

基于对广泛应用与研究的各种比例导引律的比较与分析，提出应用纯比例导引实现战机追踪导引的方法，并通过追踪以不同机动方式逃逸的飞行目标的仿真，说明了它的正确性与可行性。     

Super twisting controller for on-orbit servicing to non-cooperative target

A relative position and attitude coupled controller is proposed for rendezvous and docking between two docking ports located in different spacecraft. It is concerned with servicing to a tumbling non-cooperative target spacecraft in arbitrary orbit subjected to external disturbances.By considering both kinematic and dynamical coupled effects of relative rotation on relative translation, a coupled dynamic model is established to represent the relative motion of docking port on target spacecraft with respect to another on the service spacecraft. The spacecraft control is based on the second order sliding mode algorithm of super twisting(ST). It is schemed to manipulate the relative position and attitude synchronously. A formal proof of the finite time convergence property of the closed-loop system is derived theoretically by the second method of Lyapunov. Numerical simulations with the designed ST controller are presented to validate the analytic analysis by contrast with the twisting control algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed relative position and attitude integrated controller is characterized by high precision, strong robustness and high reliability.     

基于两级优化策略的导弹可变翼优化设计

针对多任务、可变翼导弹的外形优化设计需求,提出了一种两级优化方法,研究变形弹翼对导弹总质量和飞行性能的影响。在给定的任务和基准方案下,采用遗传算法和模式搜索法混合优化策略,完成了弹翼优化。结果显示,优化后的导弹发射质量和燃料消耗分别减小了5.46%和15.25%。     

Codes cross-correlation analysis and data/pilot code pairs optimization for Galileo E1 OS and GPS L1C

The Galileo E1 open service (OS) and the global positioning system (GPS) L1C are intending to use the multiplexed binary offset carrier (MBOC) modulation in E1/L1 band, including both pilot and data components. The impact of data and pilot codes cross-correlation on the distortion of the discriminator function (i.e., the S-curve) is investigated, when only the pilot (or data) components of MBOC signals are tracked. It is shown that the modulation schemes and the receiver configuration (e.g., the correlator spacing) strongly affect the S-curve bias. In this paper, two methods are proposed to optimize the data/pilot code pairs of Galileo E1 OS and GPS L1C. The optimization goal is to obtain the minimum average S-curve bias when tracking only the pilot components a the specific correlator spacing. Figures of merit, such as S-curve bias, correlation loss and code tracking variance have been adopted for analyzing and comparing the un-optimized and optimized code pairs. Simulation results show that the optimized data/pilot code pairs could significantly mitigate the intra-channel codes cross-correlation, and then improve the code tracking performance of MBOC signals.