基于真实场景的SAR回波模拟方法研究

SAR原始回波模拟在系统设计及成像算法验证等方面具有重要的理论及工程实践意义。文中在分析并建立合成孔径雷达回波信号数学模型的基础上,研究一种基于真实场景的SAR回波模拟方法。该方法利用SAR真实场景图像的灰度信息近似求得场景后向散射系数,根据雷达脉冲工作流程生成回波数据,具有实现简单、计算量小、回波模拟结果精确等优点。通过点目标、面目标和真实场景回波的仿真实验,从回波数据的统计特性以及图像级角度验证了其可行性。     

Model of a fluxtube with a twisted magnetic field in the stratified solar atmosphere

We build a single vertical straight magnetic fluxtube spanning the solar photosphere and the transition region which does not expand with height. We assume that the fluxtube containing twisted magnetic fields is in magnetohydrostatic equilibrium within a realistic stratified atmosphere subject to solar gravity. Incorporating specific forms of current density and gas pressure in the Grad–Shafranov equation, we solve the magnetic flux function, and find it to be separable with a Coulomb wave function in radial direction while the vertical part of the solution decreases exponentially. We employ improved fluxtube boundary conditions and take a realistic ambient external pressure for the photosphere to transition region, to derive a family of solutions for reasonable values of the fluxtube radius and magnetic field strength at the base of the axis that are the free parameters in our model. We find that our model estimates are consistent with the magnetic field strength and the radii of Magnetic bright points (MBPs) as estimated from observations. We also derive thermodynamic quantities inside the fluxtube.     

In-orbit operation and performance of the CubeSat Soft X-ray polarimeter PolarLight

PolarLight is a compact soft X-ray polarimeter onboard a CubeSat, which was launched into a low-Earth orbit on October 29, 2018. In March 2019, PolarLight started full operation, and since then, regular observations with the Crab nebula, Sco X-1, and background regions have been conducted. Here we report the operation, calibration, and performance of PolarLight in the orbit. Based on these, we discuss how one can run a low-cost, shared CubeSat for space astronomy, and how CubeSats can play a role in modern space astronomy for technical demonstration, science observations, and student training.     

三维粘弹性大变形动力响应分析

将大变形增量问题的Ｔｏｔａｌ Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｉａｎ法应用于粘弹性结构的动力响应分析，利用Ｐｒｏｎｇ级数导的Ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ应力和Ｇｒｅｅｎ应变表示的粘弹性积分型增量本构方程及其递推公式，从而给出一种计算三维粘弹性大变形动力响应的有限元增量迭加方法，经算例验证，所述方法及其相应程序具有机器内存少、计算量小和效率高的优点。     

The realization and convergence analysis of combined PPP based on raw observation

In order to speed up Precise Point Positioning (PPP)’s convergence, a combined PPP method with GPS and GLONASS which is based on using raw observations is proposed, and the positioning results and convergence time have been compared with that of single system. The ionospheric delays and receiver’s Differential Code Bias (DCB) corrections are estimated as unknown parameters in this method. The numerical results show that the combined PPP has not caused significant impacts on the final solutions, but it greatly improved Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) and convergence speed and enhanced the reliability of the solution. Meanwhile, the convergence speed is greatly influenced by the receiver’s DCB, positioning results in horizontal which are better than 10 cm can be realized within 10 min. In addition, the ionosphere and DCB products can be provided with high precision.     

高超声速飞行器自适应BTT末制导律

针对高超声速飞行器末段打击问题,提出了具有自适应能力的比例导引律,实现了高精度定点定向打击.通过纵向进入条件的分析,设计了一种提高比例导引进入时间的收敛策略,从而使飞行器有足够的时间进行横纵向调整,保证了落角落点约束的满足.由于制导参数直接影响落点和落角的精度,而飞行器动力学约束会导致无法理想响应制导指令,因此设计了一种闭环非线性自适应律,通过在线选择制导参数确保飞行器以高精度命中目标.仿真结果表明了该末制导方法的有效性和准确性.     

新型超精密平面磨削微量进给装置的研制及其特性研究

介绍了一种用于超精密平面磨削的新型微量进给装置并对其静、动态特性及控制方法进行了研究。实验结果表明：该装置的位移分辨率为１０ｎｍ，重复精度可达００５μｍ。采用“速度前馈＋ＰＩＤ”控制方法后，系统动态特性得到显著提高。     

计算机辅助工业设计（CAID）技术研究与展望

本文论述了计算机辅助工业设计（ＣＡＩＤ）的基本内涵，技术研究现状及其发展趋势，阐明了ＣＡＩＤ将使工业设计朝着多元化、优化、一体化的方向发展，使人机交互方式更加自然，创新设计的手段更为先进，有效。     

Channel Measurement/Modeling for Airport Surface Communications: Mobile and Fixed Platform Results

We provide examples of measurement and modeling results for wireless channel characteristics around airport surface areas. This is done for three settings: two mobile settings and one non-mobile setting, in the 5 GHz Microwave Landing System extension band. New findings, useful for communication system design in this environment, are reported.     

英汉名词移位及移位限制的共性

移位是句法生成的主要手段,是人类语言中普遍存在的一种现象,英汉两种语言中也不例外。因此,两种语言中移位的句式都存在很多相似的结构和特点。本文结合乔姆斯基的转换生成语法理论和普遍语法理论对英汉两种语言的名词移位现象进行对比分析,解释移位前后结构的转换生成过程。通过对比,寻求两种语言在移位现象上的共同特征,以期待为普遍语法理论提供一些证据。