空间微小碎片撞击对太阳能电池性能影响

文章利用中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心的等离子体驱动微小碎片加速器,进行了空间微小碎片累积撞击太阳能电池的模拟试验。之后,利用体式显微镜统计出太阳能电池表面的撞击坑,并测量了撞击前后太阳能电池的开路电压、短路电流、最大输出功率等参数的变化。试验结果与理论分析揭示了引起太阳能电池功率衰减的主要原因是碎片累积撞击导致的太阳能电池表面损伤。     

无人直升机视觉着陆中的运动状态估计算法

对无人直升机(UH)视觉着陆中基于视觉图像处理的运动状态估计问题进行了研究。介绍了视觉着陆原理,分析了运动估计、特征图像处理与着陆控制间的关系,推导并建立了UH相对着陆平台位姿估计算法、线速度与角速度估计算法。相邻两帧图像对应特征点像点位置为位姿估计算法提供数据,一帧图像特征点像点位置及其对应像点平移速度为线速度与角速度估计算法提供数据。利用UH着陆控制仿真数据模拟UH着陆运动过程中像点位置及其对应平移速度的视觉图像处理结果。仿真验证了运动状态估计算法,结果表明所提出的运动状态估计算法能有效地利用视觉图像处理结果数据估计出UH的位置、姿态、线速度和角速度。     

T-Jump/FTIR联用技术研究CL-20的热分解机理

用T-Jump/FTIR联用技术,在高纯氮气气氛、不同压力、不同裂解温度和1 000 K/s的快速升温速率条件下,研究了CL-20的快速热裂解过程。用快速扫描傅立叶变换红外光谱实时跟踪分析分解产物的种类和浓度变化,考察了实验温度和压力对CL-20快速热裂解气相产物N2O/NO2和NO/NO2比值的影响。结果证实,CL-20的分解首先是从N—NO2键的断裂开始,生成NO和其他较稳定的气体产物(如CO、CO2和H2O等),这种N—N键断裂的反应因压力和温度增大而加速,气态NO2生成后又与凝聚相和其他活性还原性气体产物(如CH2O)发生二次反应,经中间产物而产生N2O。     

Relay selection based on MAP estimation for cooperative communication with outdated channel state information

In this paper, we consider an amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative communication system when the channel state information (CSI) used in relay selection differs from that during data transmission, i.e., the CSI used in relay selection is outdated. The selected relay may not be actually the best for data transmission and the outage performance of the cooperative system will deteriorate. To improve its performance, we propose a relay selection strategy based on maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation, where relay is selected based on predicted signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To reduce the computation complexity, we approximate the a posteriori probability density of SNR and obtain a closed-form predicted SNR, and a relay selection strategy based on the approximate MAP estimation (RS-AMAP) is proposed. The simulation results show that this approximation leads to trivial performance loss from the perspective of outage probability. Compared with relay selection strategies given in the literature, the outage probability is reduced largely through RS-AMAP for medium-to-large transmitting powers and medium-to-high channel correlation coefficients.     

Autonomous navigation to quasi-periodic orbits near translunar libration points

Libration-point missions have been very useful and successful. Due to the unstable nat-ures of most of these orbits, the long-time stationkeeping demands frequent maneuvers and precise orbit determinat...     

Particle flters for probability hypothesis density flter with the presence of unknown measurement noise covariance

In Bayesian multi-target fltering,knowledge of measurement noise variance is very important.Signifcant mismatches in noise parameters will result in biased estimates.In this paper,a new particle flter for a probability hypothesis density（PHD）flter handling unknown measurement noise variances is proposed.The approach is based on marginalizing the unknown parameters out of the posterior distribution by using variational Bayesian（VB）methods.Moreover,the sequential Monte Carlo method is used to approximate the posterior intensity considering non-linear and non-Gaussian conditions.Unlike other particle flters for this challenging class of PHD flters,the proposed method can adaptively learn the unknown and time-varying noise variances while fltering.Simulation results show that the proposed method improves estimation accuracy in terms of both the number of targets and their states.     

GPS转发式欺骗干扰原理与仿真研究

研究GPS转发式欺骗干扰的基本原理和理论模型,分析转发式欺骗干扰系统的实现结构,并通过仿真检测验证了干扰效果.仿真结果表明,对于无抗欺骗干扰措施的GPS C/A码接收机,转发式干扰机只需要很小的转发增益,即可达到干扰效果.     

从卫星照片看朝韩炮战:为何韩国炮兵打不准?

2010年11月23日,朝鲜与韩国在三八线附近西海岸争议海区发生了激烈炮战。朝鲜海岸炮兵对韩国占据的延坪岛进行了猛烈炮击。驻守延坪岛的韩军炮兵在13分钟后发动反击,在炮兵侦察校射雷达的引导下,韩军使用数门K-9式155毫米自行榴弹炮轰击了朝鲜军队的数个炮兵阵地。韩国军方消息说,朝鲜方面发射了170多发炮弹,韩国军方随即进行回击,韩国方面回击了80多发炮弹。     

基于过渡区的序列图像运动目标分割方法

序列图像运动目标检测技术是目标搜索与跟踪系统的一项核心技术.提出了一种基于过渡区的序列图像运动目标分割方法,该方法通过提取序列图像过渡区来进行目标分割,并与传统的阈值分割算法进行效果比较.实验结果表明,该方法能取得更好的序列图像运动目标分割效果.     

具有输入约束的飞机姿态L1自适应控制

针对具有模型不确定性、控制舵面故障以及非线性干扰的飞机俯仰姿态控制问题,基于L1自适应方法设计增广控制器。设计合适带宽的低通滤波器,以满足控制器快速自适应要求,保证系统输入输出信号的一致性能有界。考虑伺服控制实际存在的幅值约束,推导出所设计的自适应控制系统的稳定性条件及其性能界,即忽略幅值约束时,选择足够大的自适应增益,闭环系统性能能够任意接近参考系统;考虑幅值约束时,闭环系统的性能可以通过增大自适应增益得以改善,但是不能任意接近参考系统。仿真验证了所设计的飞机姿态控制系统的有效性,结果表明控制器对有界不确定性和干扰具有鲁棒性,同时满足输入约束要求。