燃气轮机周向拉杆转子连接刚度对转子振动特性影响的研究

为研究燃气轮机周向分布式拉杆转子轮盘间存在的连接刚度对轴系转子振动特性产生的影响,本文提出一种基于六自由度的弹簧单元等效方法;首先将轮盘接触刚度与拉杆弯曲刚度同时等效进连接界面,便于使用一维梁单元求解其临界转速与振动响应变化,验证其与全三维有限元法吻合度在3％以内;然后改写了非线性动力学方程,采用谐波平衡法对其进行求解,使用经典Newmark方法验证其准确性;最后使用该等效方法计算了某模拟转子连接刚度对其临界转速、响应特性、非线性特性等的影响。计算结果表明：当连接面剪切刚度与弯曲刚度减小3个数量级,均造成了临界转速的降低和振动响应的提高,而其影响程度可由各阶振型大致推测,且响应幅值受剪切刚度影响较大;使用临界转速趋于收敛时的连接刚度与试验值的对比误差小于2％,较连续模型提升显著;在连接刚度各向异性时,每一阶临界转速均出现两个响应峰值,轴心轨迹变成椭圆;考虑刚度随位移变化（非线性刚度）后,转子的响应峰值发生“歪扭”特性,且该峰值特征随不平衡量、无量纲阻尼等因素变化而呈现“波浪形”变化。     

带增压压气机的小型脉冲爆震涡轴发动机性能分析

为了解决小型涡轴发动机采用脉冲爆震燃烧室代替主燃烧室时,由于脉冲爆震燃烧室的增压作用,无法从压气机出口引气对燃气涡轮冷却、封严的问题,提出了一种带增压压气机的脉冲爆震涡轴发动机(PDTSE)构型,并建立了相应的性能分析方法。对常规涡轴发动机与带增压压气机的PDTSE性能进行对比研究,计算结果表明：与常规涡轴发动机相比,带增压压气机PDTSE性能具有较大优势;在整个设计域内,综合考虑性能指标和设计难度,在循环最优处,带增压压气机的PDTSE相比普通涡轴的热循环效率高14.5%,耗油率低9.7%,单位功率高27%。     

PVD强化涂层在辊轧模具上的应用

为了解决冷辊轧模具寿命短、人工修复周期长、修复一致性差等问题,提高了模具耐磨性,延长模具使用寿命,在辊轧模 具表面涂敷了PVD强化涂层。采用真空阴极多弧离子镀技术,在不同材质模具钢表面制备AlCrN多元纳米硬质涂层。试验样品 基材选用Cr8W1Mo2V2SiNb、W6、Cr12MoVCo及V-4E工具钢作为样品基体,采用2种工艺制备硬质PVD涂层,V-4E基材AlCrN涂 层的晶粒尺寸最小,沉积的AlCrN涂层结构更致密。V4E+CrAlSiN强化体系获得最优的综合测试性能。验证结果表明：涂敷PVD 强化涂层可使模具寿命提高20倍以上。     

离子推力器放电室参数在线优化实验研究

为了改进氙离子推力器传统优化实验方法,针对环切场放电室设计多维优化调节机构,通过步进电机配合电磁铁实现放电室设计参数的在线实时调节。实验中在线调节放电室长径比、中间磁极靴位置、阴极顶位置等参数,得到了放电室性能影响规律,经迭代实验获取了优化后的放电室构型及磁场参数。优化后的推力器性能曲线"膝点"较正交实验结果更加靠后,在工质利用率80%~90%区间内,束离子电离能耗低于正交实验优化结果。在线优化实验方法极大缩短了离子推力器设计周期,降低研制成本,并弥补了传统方法需多次破空导致参数一致性差的不足。     

激光惯组结构系统陀螺抖动性能确定方法与应用

当二频机抖陀螺相对于其安装基座的抖动幅度较小时,偏频技术不能很好消除锁区的影响,陀螺精度将降低,甚至停止抖动失去功能。激光陀螺抖动性能与结构密切相关,给出了激光惯组箱体减振器本体抖轮陀螺体系统的激光陀螺抖动多体动力学模型及关键参数识别方法,能够根据激光惯组的结构、减振设计方案计算陀螺抖动性能,进而选取合适参数及结构布局解决激光惯组系统陀螺抖动效率差的问题。最后,通过型号实际问题分析验证了该方法的准确性及工程实用性。     

联结翼无人机着舰性能分析

联结翼无人机具有升力大,操稳性好等特点。文章设计了一种联结翼无人机,可以模拟舰载机完成起飞、任务投掷、触舰复飞、在移动甲板上拦阻着舰等任务。通过控制方式和导引方式的优化组合,并考虑无人机飞行动力特点及运动方式进行试飞分析,结果表明:无人机的飞行性能、操稳性能及对指令的跟随性能都达到满意的效果,可为大型无人机上舰提供理论基础和技术支持。     

基于电动汽车驱动用无刷直流电机控制仿真

通过研究电动汽车中无刷直流电机(BLDCM)负载运行时电机的性能与负载之间的密切关系,针对BLDCM调速应用,提出了一种改进广义预测控制的算法。通过对仿真模型中的BLDCM的数学模型分析,建立BLDCM的控制系统并进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明:当采用改进广义预测算法,与以往的PID控制算法相比,BLDCM的负载稳态精度以及最大转速波动都得到明显的改善,具有响应快、控制精度高,电机负载抗干扰能力强等特点,BLDCM可满足电动汽车行驶中BLDCM运行的要求。     

Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators

In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current (or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor. Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed, and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy.     

An adaptive fast fixed-time guidance law with an impact angle constraint for intercepting maneuvering targets

Sliding mode guidance laws based on a conventional terminal sliding mode guarantees only finite-time convergence, which verifies that the settling time is required to be estimated by selecting appropriate initial launched conditions. However, rapid convergence to a desired impact angle within a uniform bounded finite time is important in most practical guidance applications. A uniformly finite-time/fixed-time convergent guidance law means that the convergence (settling) time is predefined independently on initial conditions, that is, a closed-loop convergence time can be estimated a priori by guidance parameters. In this paper, a novel adaptive fast fixed-time sliding mode guidance law to intercept maneuver targets at a desired impact angle from any initial heading angle, with no problems of singularity and chattering, is designed. The proposed guidance law achieves system stabilization within bounded settling time independent on initial conditions and achieves more rapid convergence than those of fixed-time stable control methods by accelerating the convergence rate when the system is close to the origin. The achieved acceleration-magnitude constraints are rigorously enforced, and the chattering-free property is guaranteed by adaptive switching gains. Extensive numerical simulations are presented to validate the efficiency and superiority of the proposed guidance law for different initial engagement geometries and impact angles.     

航天器大功率并网控制技术研究

中国空间站各舱段均有各自独立的电源系统,为了解决由于阳光遮挡效应导致部分舱段供电能力不足问题,提出了通过配置大功率并网控制单机--并网控制器的并网供电方案。高压大功率模块化并网控制器采用四相交错双管正激高压拓扑技术、恒压恒流双环控制技术、最大电流并联均流技术、输出数字调节技术及故障检测、隔离和恢复 （Failure Detection Isolation and Recovery,FDIR ）技术,可以实现中国空间站舱段之间及与飞船之间功率4kW并网供电,并通过了试验验证。