深空测控通信中GMSK体制非相干解调算法研究

针对深空测控通信中GMSK体制非相干解调损失较大的难点,提出了一种改进的GMSK信号非相干维特比解调算法。通过分析相位状态网格图中相位转移规律,建立理论仿真模型。通过原理样机的研制和测试,实测数据表明：该算法具有解调损失低、实现复杂度适中的优点;相比于理论的最佳相干解调算法,在误码率1×10 -4 量级下,实测仅损失0.6 dB。目前该算法已应用于国内某深空测控通信系统GMSK体制基带设备中,并成功解调出欧空局Herschel–Planck卫星数据。     

Effects of uncertainties and flexible dynamic contributions on the control of a spacecraft full-coupled model

One of the most important problems for performing a good design of the spacecraft attitude control law is connected to its robustness when some uncertainty parameters are present on the inertial and/or on the elastic characteristics of a satellite. These uncertainties are generally intrinsic on the modeling of complex structures and in the case of large flexible structures they can be also attributed to secondary effects associated to the elasticity. One of the most interesting issues in modeling large flexible space structures is associated to the evaluation of the inertia tensor which in general depends not only on the geometric ‘fixed’ characteristic of the satellite but also on its elastic displacements which of course in turn modify the ‘shape’ of the satellite. Usually these terms can be considered of a second order of magnitude if compared with the ones associated to the rigid part of a structure. However the increasing demand on the dimension of satellites due to the presence for instance of very large solar arrays (necessary to generate power) and/or large antennas has the necessity to investigate their effects on their global dynamic behavior in more details as a consequence. In the present paper a methodology based on classical Lagrangian approach coupled with a standard Finite Element tool has been used to derive the full dynamic equations of an orbiting flexible satellite under the actions of gravity, gravity gradient forces and attitude control. A particular attention has been paid to the study of the effects of flexibility on the inertial terms of the spacecraft which, as well known, influence its attitude dynamic behavior. Furthermore the effects of the attitude control authority and its robustness to the uncertainties on inertial and elastic parameters has been investigated and discussed.     

对解线频调ISAR的间歇采样转发干扰

针对间歇采样转发应用于宽带ISAR干扰问题,研究了间歇采样转发信号经解线频调ISAR二维成像处理后信号特性,通过推导干扰信号对应的二维输出形式,讨论了干扰图像变化情况并由此分析了间歇采样周期和占空比对干扰效果的影响。利用数字仿真验证了干扰输出形式及图像特征理论分析的正确性;将实测数据与间歇采样转发处理相结合,初步验证了间歇采样转发干扰能够形成二维ISAR假目标。     

空间机器人在轨更换ORU的力/位混合控制方法

针对ORU在轨更换任务,首先推导了空间机械臂末端自由、末端与环境接触等情况下的动力学方程,并提出了相应的接触力计算方法;其次,改进了传统的R\|C控制方法,采用加权选择矩阵代替原有的选择矩阵,实现了力控制与位置控制之间的平滑切换;最后,开发了基于Matlab/Simulink的闭环控制仿真系统,该系统由多体动力学、接触动力学、轨迹规划、力/位混合控制、3D显示等模块组成。利用该系统开展了ORU转移与安装过程的闭环控制仿真,仿真结果校验了所提方法的有效性。     

Modeling and Optimal Design of 3 Degrees of Freedom Helmholtz Resonator in Hydraulic System

Three degrees of freedom (3-DOF) Helmholtz resonator which consists of three cylindrical necks and cavities connected in series (neck-cavity-neck-cavity-neck-cavity) is suitable to reduce flow pulsation in hydraulic system. A novel lumped parameter model (LPM) of 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system is developed which considers the viscous friction loss of hydraulic fluid in the necks. Applying the Newton’s second law of motion to the equivalent mechanical model of the resonator, closed-form expression of transmission loss and resonance frequency is presented. Based on the LPM, an optimal design method which employs rotate vector optimization method (RVOM) is proposed. The purpose of the optimal design is to search the resonator’s unknown parameters so that its resonance frequencies can coincide with the pump-induced flow pulsation harmonics respectively. The optimal design method is realized to design 3-DOF Helmholtz resonator for a certain type of aviation piston pump hydraulic system. The optimization result shows the feasibility of this method, and the simulation under optimum parameters reveals that the LPM can get the same precision as transfer matrix method (TMM).     

放射性勘查计量的发展及关键技术

放射性勘查计量从1958年开始简易点源标定,到1978年开始建立与天然辐射场2盯空间辐射近似的实物模型标准,经历了约20年的仪器检查性测试计量和30余年的统一标准计量的发展历程,先后共研建了12项计量标准和1项模拟试验装置,其中4项标准已获得了国家专项计量授权。从中掌握了多项关键技术,形成了独特的放射性勘查计量保障体系,计量保障涵盖了放射性区域调查、局部详查、钻探等整个勘查过程,在为国家放射性勘查提供计量保障的同时,还为核应急、核设施退役等伽玛辐射环境航空监测提供了计量保障。     

MEMS陀螺零偏温度补偿模型研究

针对MEMS陀螺工作易受温度变化影响、角速度测量输出误差大、预热时间长的问题,通过大量实验数据分析、总结规律,建立了零偏温度补偿模型,并结合最小二乘法利用多元线性回归技术对模型参数进行了辨识。对比零偏温度补偿前后的试验结果表明,经过补偿后的MEMS陀螺不但测量精度得到提高,其工程应用稳定性也得到增强。     

Soybean cultivar selection for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs) – Hydroponic cultivation

Four soybean cultivars (‘Atlantic’, ‘Cresir’, ‘Pr91m10’ and ‘Regir’), selected through a theoretical procedure as suitable for cultivation in BLSS, were evaluated in terms of growth and production. Germination percentage and Mean Germination Time (MGT) were measured. Plants were cultivated in a growth chamber equipped with a recirculating hydroponic system (Nutrient Film Technique). Cultivation was performed under controlled environmental conditions (12 h photoperiod, light intensity 350 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, temperature regime 26/20 °C light/dark, relative humidity 65–75%). Fertigation was performed with a standard Hoagland solution, modified for soybean specific requirements, and EC and pH were kept at 2.0 dS m⁻¹ and 5.5 respectively.     

某型号大推力火箭发动机试验推力测量不确定度评定

根据某型号大推力火箭发动机试验推力测量系统的工作原理和组成、计量标准量值传递关系和系统低温调试结果,确定推力测量系统的不确定度来源,通过进一步的误差分析并应用误差计算理论对系统不确定度进行评定,得出该系统测量不确定度作为推力测量准确性依据。     

SAR图像强回波目标检测的偏态分布方差方法

对复杂背景下的SAR图像强回波目标检测问题进行了研究,提出了基于偏态分布方差的自适应检测算法。首先设计一种新的基于偏态分布模型的方差滤波器,偏态分布方差滤波器可减少相干斑噪声对检测的不良影响,提高图像方差的差异性,即强目标回波边缘灰度方差相对于强目标回波灰度方差、背景杂波灰度方差更小。其次,算法改进了根据图像复杂度自动选取阈值方法,通过自适应检测小方差像素,实现强回波目标检测。仿真结果说明该算法能够对SAR图像强回波目标较快地进行准确检测。相比方差特征法(VAR)和扩展分形特征法(EF)在检测速度与虚警率方面均具有较大的优越性。