环境减灾-1A、1B卫星研制综述

环境与灾害监测预报小卫星星座--环境减灾-1A、1B卫星经历了方案阶段、初样阶段、正样阶段的研制工作,研制中解决了星座设计与优化、全新载荷的研制难题,克服了主动段时间长和任务与接口要求变化大等问题,积累了丰富的经验和教训,可以为其它型号研制提供借鉴.     

Rotation Control of a 3-DOF Parallel Mechanism Driven by Pneumatic Muscle Actuators

The pneumatic muscle actuator(PMA) has many advantages,such as good flexibility,high power/weight ratio,but its nonlinearity makes it difficult to build a static mathematical model with high precision. A new method is proposed to establish the model of PMA. The concept of hybrid elastic modulus which is related to the static characteristic of PMA is put forward,and the energy conservation law is used to achieve the expression of the hybrid elastic modulus,which can be fitted out based on experimental data,and the model of PMA can be derived from this expression. At the same time,a 3-DOF parallel mechanism(a new bionic shoulder joint)driven by five PMAs is designed. This bionic shoulder joint adopts the structure of two antagonistic PMAs actualizing a rotation control and three PMAs controlling another two rotations to get better rotation characteristics. The kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed and a new static model of PMA is used to control it.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new static model.     

面向空间应用的高精度磁阻磁强计设计及性能测试

文章基于磁阻磁强计的工作原理,提出了高精度磁阻磁强计三分量探头和电子电路设计方案:改进磁强计三分量探头结构,以消除三分量磁畴间的相互干扰所引起的测量误差;采用交流耦合和闭环控制工作模式,以消除磁畴排列紊乱带来的影响,稳定磁强计的工作状态。关键性能指标的测试结果表明,磁阻磁强计在1 Hz点处的频谱噪声达到38 pT/(Hz)~(1/2),其噪声性能显著提高。另外,该磁阻磁强计采用微型化结构设计,便于安装,满足微小卫星的空间磁场探测的需求。     

空基助推段拦截中制导律设计

给出了一种目标可用信息较少情况下的空基助推段拦截中制导律设计方法。该方法首先结合空基助推段拦截的特点,根据平行接近法的思想,将纵向平面内的中制导律设计问题转化成为如何控制惯性坐标系下纵向平面内弹目相对高度差趋于零并保持住的问题,并且建立了相应的输入-输出模型;其次,采用自抗扰控制器对因目标可用信息较少而导致的模型中的不确定项进行估计和补偿,求得所需的指令过载,并在自抗扰控制器设计过程中,说明了一些参数的调节方法;最后,通过仿真验证了文中制导律的可行性。     

金融危机下企业发展信用销售的建议

全球金融危机恶化了融资环境和信用环境,企业可积极利用信用销售方式化解融资困境、激活需求、扩大销售.目前,我国企业信用销售的交易比例低、风险大、管理水平低.可采取建立客户信用管理信息系统;建立企业内部信用管理制度;加强供应链上企业之间的合作;积极利用金融工具,完善信用销售风险分担机制等措施提高企业信用销售的管理水平.     

科技期刊信息化建设的思路与实践

面对信息化时代带来的机遇和挑战,科技期刊如何应对,以适应潮流的发展,满足更多科技工作者的需求,抓住广大读者的需求,近而提升科技期刊的影响力。文章通过对《航天器工程》期刊编辑部信息化建设和网络建设,结合实践经验,对科技期刊信息化建设进行了分析。     

Influence of TiB2 particles on machinability and machining parameter optimization of TiB2/Al MMCs

In situ formed TiB₂ particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (TiB₂/Al MMCs) have some extraordinary properties which make them be a promising material for high performance aero-engine blade. Due to the influence of TiB₂ particles, the machinability is still a problem which restricts the application of TiB₂/Al MMCs. In order to meet the industrial requirements, the influence of TiB₂ particles on the machinability of TiB₂/Al MMCs was investigated experimentally. Moreover, the optimal machining conditions for this kind of MMCs were investigated in this study. The major conclusions are: (1) the machining force of TiB₂/Al MMCs is bigger than that of non-reinforced alloy and mainly controlled by feed rate; (2) the residual stress of TiB₂/Al MMCs is compressive while that of non-reinforced alloy is nearly neutral; (3) the surface roughness of TiB₂/Al MMCs is smaller than that of non-reinforced alloy under the same cutting speed, but reverse result was observed when the feed rate increased; (4) a multi-objective optimization model for surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) was established, and a set of optimal parameter combinations of the machining was obtained. The results show a great difference from SiC particle reinforced MMCs and provide a useful guide for a better control of machining process of this material.     

基于重复控制技术的单相航空静止变流器的研究

针对航空静止变流器带非线性负载造成的输出电压波形畸变问题,分析了采用重复控制技术的单相静止变流器控制模型和补偿器的数学表达形式。给出了控制器参数的频域设计方法。通过单相500VA/400Hz静止变流器的原理样机实验,其结果表明此分析设计方法是正确可行的。同时也验证了采用重复控制技术解决航空静止变流器带非线性负载时的输出波形畸变问题是行之有效的。从而为三相大功率航空静止变流器的研制打下了良好的基础。     

民用飞机机身燃油管路适坠性适航要求和验证方法研究

民用运输类飞机机身内燃油管路系统的适坠性设计是提供飞机在坠撞情况下的安全性和乘员生还率的重要技术。通过对相关适航规章立法背景的研究以及行业实践,总结分析了条款的适航要求,形成了机身燃油管路的适坠性设计指南和符合性验证方法。     

扇形段与全环燃烧室熄火性能换算研究

为研究不同类型燃烧室试验件熄火性能之间的关系,开展了扇形段和全环燃烧室的熄火性能试验.通过试验对比了二者熄火规律的相似性和差异性,并分析了造成差异的主要因素.以Lefebvre熄火模型为基础,结合雾化数据,拟合得到扇形段与全环燃烧室的贫油熄火经验关系式,并推算出二者熄火性能的定量换算公式.结果表明:扇形段与全环燃烧室的熄火边界变化规律类似,但在相同的工作状态条件下,全环燃烧室的贫油熄火油气比小于扇形段的相应值.