MTI Processing and Weibull-Distributed Ground Clutter

It is shown that the Weibull-distributed ground clutter obeys a Weibull distribution after processing by the double canceler moving target indicator (MTI).     

Stochastic Dynamic System Suboptimal Control with Uncertain Parameters

The control of a linear system with random coefficients is studied here. The cost function is of a quadratic form and the random coefficients are assumed to be partially observable by the controller. By means of the stochastic Bellman equation, the optimal control of stochastic dynamic models with partially observable coefficients is derived. The optimal control is shown to be a linear function of the observable states and a nonlinear function of random parameters. The theory is applied to an optimal control design of an aircraft landing in wind gust.     

Optical design and testing of a fast,large aperture,infrared space telescope

An optical design study for a next generation infrared space telescope has been performed. The concept is that of a passively cooled telescope of minium aperture 2.5 metre with an F/1.2 primary and wavelength coverage from = 2 to at least 40 m, and possibly to 100 m. Compactness, low thermal emission from the optics and structure, diffraction limited imaging at = 2 m, and sensitivity to misalignment aberrations and manufacturing errors were the main considerations for this study. Ray tracing results are presented showing the characteristics of the various designs considered. A preliminary investigation of stray light properties is also given. Special emphasis has been placed on the testing of such a fast primary, and optical systems using a lateral shearing interferometer are described for testing both the primary and the primary/secondary combination.     

Image texture synthesis-by-analysis using moving-average models

A synthesis-by-analysis model for texture replication or simulation is presented. This model can closely replicate a given textured image or produce another image that although distinct from the original, has the same general visual characteristics and the same first and second-order gray-level statistics as the original image. The texture synthesis algorithm, proposed contains three distinct components: a moving-average (MA) filter, a filter excitation function, and a gray-level histogram. The analysis portion of the texture synthesis algorithm derives the three from a given image. The synthesis portion convolves the MA filter kernel with the excitation function, adds noise, and modifies the histogram of the result. The advantages of this texture model over others include conceptually and computationally simple and robust parameter estimation, inherent stability, parsimony in the number of parameters, and synthesis through convolution. The authors describe a procedure for deriving the correct MA kernel using a signal enhancement algorithm, demonstrate the effectiveness of the model by using it to mimic several diverse textured images, discuss its applicability to the problem of infrared background simulation, and include detailed algorithms for the implementation of the model     

Notes on SCPC-FM System Design and Performance

In many domestic satellite communication systems single-channel per-carrier FM (SCPC-FM) has become the accepted transmission method for thin route communication. The SCPC-FM modem operates over a wide range of carrier frequencies and is designed to use satellite power and bandwidth efficiently. It incorporates elements which make the signal transfer complex, so the system behavior is not immediately obvious. This article investigates the signal processes and analyzes the performance of a companded and preemphasized SCPC-FM system and it furnishes insight into the choice of crucial system parameters.     

Radar ECCM: A European Approach

The radar designer must optimize parameters for performance in electronic countermeasures (ECM) and avoid any constraints which could be exploited by ECM. ECM/electronic counter-counter measures (ECCM) strategy must take into account electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) including enemy EMC. Electronic scanning improves search performance, but also reduces ECCM performance in other ways. While electronic scanning avoids some constraints, it imposes others, particularly in the frequency domain. It is argued that simple radars of good performance may be as cost effective in ECM as more complex systems. Some examples of recent developments are given.     

Fiber optic fence sensor developments

Many detection technologies have been employed for perimeter detection, to sensitize a barrier. These outdoor perimeter fence detection sensors must reliably detect intruders attempting to cut or climb the barrier, while ignoring the effects of environmental noise, including nearby activity. In recent conference proceedings, the new IntelliFIBER/spl trade/ fiber optic based product was introduced and compared with previous technologies. IntelliFIBER is designed to provide the advantages of a nonconductive "dielectric" cable sensor, e.g., resistance to electromagnetic interference and the ability to provide longer cable zones. It utilizes the proven processor of the Intelli-FLEX/spl trade/ triboelectric cable fence sensor, which provides relay or bidirectional networked serial communications and is compatible with its calibration module. IntelliFIBER also capitalizes on the Intelli-FLEX's adaptive detection algorithms that were developed through extensive field-testing, to provide exceptional immunity to environmental alarms while still detecting the skilled intruder.