全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3814篇 |
免费 | 3篇 |
国内免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
航空 | 1712篇 |
航天技术 | 1407篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
航天 | 697篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 28篇 |
2018年 | 56篇 |
2017年 | 51篇 |
2016年 | 47篇 |
2014年 | 65篇 |
2013年 | 105篇 |
2012年 | 88篇 |
2011年 | 153篇 |
2010年 | 107篇 |
2009年 | 150篇 |
2008年 | 197篇 |
2007年 | 111篇 |
2006年 | 78篇 |
2005年 | 112篇 |
2004年 | 127篇 |
2003年 | 123篇 |
2002年 | 81篇 |
2001年 | 117篇 |
2000年 | 60篇 |
1999年 | 86篇 |
1998年 | 107篇 |
1997年 | 77篇 |
1996年 | 70篇 |
1995年 | 109篇 |
1994年 | 125篇 |
1993年 | 64篇 |
1992年 | 76篇 |
1991年 | 32篇 |
1990年 | 42篇 |
1989年 | 68篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 27篇 |
1986年 | 38篇 |
1985年 | 125篇 |
1984年 | 112篇 |
1983年 | 92篇 |
1982年 | 77篇 |
1981年 | 155篇 |
1980年 | 31篇 |
1979年 | 34篇 |
1978年 | 37篇 |
1977年 | 34篇 |
1976年 | 29篇 |
1975年 | 34篇 |
1974年 | 29篇 |
1973年 | 31篇 |
1972年 | 41篇 |
1971年 | 22篇 |
1970年 | 22篇 |
1969年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有3826条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
21.
Long-term survival of bacterial spores in space. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
G Horneck H Bucker G Reitz 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1994,14(10):41-45
On board of the NASA Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF), spores of Bacillus subtilis in monolayers (10(6)/sample) or multilayers (10(8)/sample) were exposed to the space environment for nearly six years and their survival was analyzed after retrieval. The response to space parameters, such as vacuum (10(-6) Pa), solar electromagnetic radiation up to the highly energetic vacuum-ultraviolet range (10(9) J/m2) and/or cosmic radiation (4.8 Gy), was studied and compared to the results of a simultaneously running ground control experiment. If shielded against solar ultraviolet (UV)-radiation, up to 80 % of spores in multilayers survive in space. Solar UV-radiation, being the most deleterious parameter of space, reduces survival by 4 orders of magnitude or more. However, up to 10(4) viable spores were still recovered, even in completely unprotected samples. Substances, such as glucose or buffer salts serve as chemical protectants. With this 6 year study in space, experimental data are provided to the discussion on the likelihood of "Panspermia". 相似文献
22.
G S Nechitailo A L Mashinsky 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1997,20(10):1959-1965
The results of experiments aboard spacecraft demonstrated the dependence of the pattern of biological processes on microgravity and on the ability of biological objects to adapt themselves to new environmental conditions. This is of fundamental importance for solving theoretical and practical problems of space biology, or elaborating the theory of organism's behavior in weightlessness, and for elucidating the global mechanisms of the action of microgravity on living systems. 相似文献
23.
Purpose of the work is to analyze and to summarize the data of investigations into human hemodynamics performed over 20 years aboard orbital stations Salyut-7 and Mir with participation of 26 cosmonauts on space flights (SF) from 8 to 438 days in duration. The ultrasonic techniques and occlusive plethysmography demonstrated dynamics of changes in the cardiovascular system during SF of various durations. The parameters of general hemodynamics, the pumping function of the heart and arterial circulation in the brain remained stable in all the space flights; however, there were alterations in peripheral circulation associated with blood redistribution and hypovolemie in microgravity. The anti-gravity distribution of the vascular tone decayed gradually as unneeded. The most considerable changes were observed in leg vessels, equally in arteries (decrease in resistance) and veins (increase in maximum capacity). The lower body negative pressure test (LBNP) revealed deterioration of the gravity-dependent reactions that changed for the worse as SF duration extended. The cardiovascular deconditioning showed itself as loss of descent acceleration tolerance and orthostatic instability in the postflight period. 相似文献
24.
Nandu Goswami Helmut Karl Lackner Ilona Papousek Jean-Pierre Montani Daniela Jezova Helmut G. Hinghofer-Szalkay 《Acta Astronautica》2011,68(9-10):1589-1594
Passive head up tilt (HUT) and mental arithmetic (MA) are commonly used for providing mental and orthostatic challenges, respectively. In animal experiments, even a single exposure to a stressor has been shown to modify the response to subsequent stress stimulus. We investigated whether MA applied before HUT elicits synergistic responses in orthostatic heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), heart rate variability and arterial blood pressure. The 15 healthy young males were subjected to two randomized protocols: (a) HUT and (b) HUT preceded by MA, with sessions randomized and ≥2 weeks apart. Beat to beat continuous hemodynamic variables were measured and saliva samples taken for hormonal assay. HUT alone increased HR from 59±7 (baseline) to 80±10 bpm (mean±SD) and mean blood pressure (MBP) from 88±10 to 91±14 mmHg. HUT results after MA were not different from those with HUT alone. The activity of alpha amylase showed differences during the experiments irrespective of the protocols. We conclude that mental challenge does not affect orthostatic cardiovascular responses when applied before; the timing of mental loading seems to be critical if it is intended to alter cardiovascular responses to upright standing. 相似文献
25.
The effect of Alfven-type oscillations in a coronal magnetic arch on modulation of the gyrosynchrotron radiation and development of the ballooning instability in the arch is considered. On the basis of the energy method and the method of normal modes, the expressions are obtained for increments of ballooning instability at its swinging by natural oscillations of the arch. The conclusion is drawn that bending oscillations, which do not actually compress the plasma and, therefore, represent the Alfven-type modes, unlike the radial oscillations, are capable, under solar corona conditions, to effectively swing ballooning instability and, as a consequence, play a part of a trigger for solar flares. The ballooning instability of coronal arches is shown to be capable of causing formation of helmet-shaped structures in the lower solar corona. On the basis of calculations of the intensity modulation depth and the degree of circular polarization of non-thermal gyrosynchrotron radiation, under the assumption of excited Alfven oscillations of a coronal arch, the conclusion is drawn, that microwave observations at a frequency of > 10 GHz can be used for studying the conditions of excitation and propagation of Alfven modes in flare loops. The consequences of obtained results are discussed using the flare on April 15, 2002 as an example. 相似文献
26.
A power generation scheme using a synchronous generator with an excitation control system driven by a variable-speed wind turbine is described. The proposed scheme has been analyzed over a wide speed range and under wind gusting conditions. Performance characteristics show that it is feasible to use variable-speed fixed-pitch wind turbines to generate electric power. 相似文献
27.
E. G. Dem’yanenko 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2014,57(2):204-211
In this paper, a new technique for shaping the thin-walled barrel-type parts is presented. 相似文献
28.
M. V. Usanin A. A. Siner A. M. Sipatov L. Yu. Gomzikov V. G. Avgustinovich 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2011,54(1):34-42
The application of the low dissipative high-order accurate scheme for numerical solution of the Euler and Navier-Stokes equations
in the two-dimensional statement is considered. The scheme of calculating space derivatives is the seven-point central-difference
approximation of the fourth order with the coefficients optimized to reduce the dispersion errors. The optimized six-step
Runge-Kutta method is used for evaluating the time derivatives. By means of filtration, spurious pulsations are suppressed
and shocks are processed. The results of verifying the calculation scheme realized on the stationary problem of flow around
the model turbine blades are presented. 相似文献
29.
L.A. Fisk G. Gloeckler 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2009
Stochastic acceleration in the heliosheath appears to be a likely mechanism by which Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs) are accelerated. However, most stochastic acceleration mechanisms are not appropriate. The energy density in the ACRs and in the interstellar pickup ions out of which the ACRs are accelerated greatly exceeds the energy density in the turbulence in the heliosheath. Thus, a traditional stochastic acceleration mechanism in which particles are accelerated by damping the turbulence will not work. A stochastic acceleration mechanism has been developed in which the total energy of the pickup ions and the ACRs is conserved. Energy is redistributed from the core pickup ions into a suprathermal tail to create the ACRs. A model for the acceleration of the ACRs in the heliosheath, based on this stochastic acceleration mechanism, is presented. The model provides reasonable fits to the spectra of suprathermal particles and ACRs observed by Voyager. 相似文献
30.
Cascaded detector for multiple high-PRF pulse Doppler radars 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A postdetection design methodology for a multiple high-pulse-repetition frequency (PRF) pulse Doppler radar has been developed. The postdetection processor consists of an M out of N detector where range and target ambiguities are resolved, followed by a square-law detector which enhances the minimum signal-to-noise (S/N) power-ratio per pulse burst performance. For given probabilities of false alarm and detection, formulas are derived from which the three thresholds associated with the cascaded detector can be found. Fundamental tradeoffs between the minimum S/N required, number of ghosts, and the number of operations (NOPs) that the cascaded detector must perform are identified. It is shown that the NOPs and the number of ghosts increase and the minimum S/N required decreases as the binary M out of N detector passes more detections to the square-law detector 相似文献