论社会主义市场经济条件下的按劳分配

我国现阶段实行的按唠分配不是马克思原意的按劳分配，而是按社会必要劳动时间分配，是按劳分配原则在社会主义市场经济条件下的转化形式。按社会必要劳动时间分配的实质是按生产要素分配。     

The Role of Magnetic Reconnection in CME Acceleration

Observations carried out from the coronagraphs on board space missions (LASCO/SOHO, Solar Maximum and Skylab) and ground-based facilities (HAO/Mauna Loa Observatory) show that coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can be classified into two classes based on their kinematics evolution. These two classes of CMEs are so-called fast and slow CMEs. The fast CME starts with a high initial speed that remains more or less constant; it is also called the constant-speed CME. On the other hand, the slow CME starts with a low initial speed, but shows a gradual acceleration; it is also called the accelerated and slow CME. Low and Zhang [Astrophys. J. 564, L53–L56, 2002] suggested that these two classes of CMEs could be a result of a difference in the initial topology of the magnetic fields associated with the underlying quiescent prominences. A normal prominence magnetic field topology will lead to a fast CME, while an inverse quiescent prominence results in a slow CME, because of the nature of the magnetic reconnection processes. In a recent study given by Wu et al. [Solar Phys. 225, 157–175, 2004], it was shown that an inverse quiescent prominence magnetic topology also could produce a fast CME. In this study, we perform a numerical MHD simulation for CMEs occurring in both normal and inverse quiescent prominence magnetic topology. This study demonstrates three major physical processes responsible for destabilization of these two types of prominence magnetic field topologies that can launch CMEs. These three initiation processes are identical to those used by Wu et al. [Solar Phys. 225, 157–175, 2004]. The simulations show that both fast and slow CMEs can be initiated from these two different types of magnetic topologies. However, the normal quiescent prominence magnetic topology does show the possibility for launching a reconnection island (or secondary O-line) that might be thought of as a “CME’’.     

B／Al单向铺层复合板的力学性能及断裂行为的研究

研究了热压扩散结合工艺对Ｂ／Ａｌ复合材料的强度的影响,并对试样拉伸断口及断裂径进行了研究,分析表明,试样断口有三种断裂模型,断裂路径同热压工艺有密切的关系。     

A Class of TVD Type Combined Numerical Scheme for MHD Equations With a Survey About Numerical Methods in Solar Wind Simulations

It has been believed that three-dimensional, numerical, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modelling must play a crucial role in a seamless forecasting system. This system refers to space weather originating on the sun; propagation of disturbances through the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and thence, transmission into the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. This role comes as no surprise to numerical modelers that participate in the numerical modelling of atmospheric environments as well as the meteorological conditions at Earth. Space scientists have paid great attention to operational numerical space weather prediction models. To this purpose practical progress has been made in the past years. Here first is reviewed the progress of the numerical methods in solar wind modelling. Then, based on our discussion, a new numerical scheme of total variation diminishing (TVD) type for magnetohydrodynamic equations in spherical coordinates is proposed by taking into account convergence, stability and resolution. This new MHD model is established by solving the fluid equations of MHD system with a modified Lax-Friedrichs scheme and the magnetic induction equations with MacCormack II scheme for the purpose of developing a combined scheme of quick convergence as well as of TVD property. To verify the validation of the scheme, the propagation of one-dimensional MHD fast and slow shock problem is discussed with the numerical results conforming to the existing results obtained by the piece-wise parabolic method (PPM). Finally, some conclusions are made. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

自动细分多齿分度台的研制

采用可编程多轴运动控制卡实现对细分多齿分度台的自动控制,通过在细分机构中加入光栅作为位置反馈,提高了细分角度的准确度,从而提高了仪器的整体准确度。     

扑翼微型飞行器悬停状态的扑动模式设计

依据美国伯克利大学对微型扑翼飞行器空气动力学的研究成果,对翼展处于10~25 mm(翼尖到翼尖)的扑翼微型飞行器的扑动模式进行了研究。设计了一种当飞行器处于悬停状态时,翼的扑动模式,使得飞行器可以通过改变扑动参数的大小来调节扑动力。仿真结果验证了设计方法的合理性。该研究为扑翼微型飞行器的飞行控制研究提供了一种手段和思路。     

后掠翼三维鼓包串激波控制参数的影响

针对跨声速后掠翼,三维鼓包串作为一种有效的减阻方式具有结构简单、高效及鲁棒性好等优点.利用全局优化算法探索了鼓包设计参数空间的整体特性,并对鼓包长度、三维鼓包展向设计参数对鼓包减阻效果的影响进行了研究,发现鼓包顶点位置和高度对阻力系数最敏感,三维鼓包的展向设计参数则对阻力系数不敏感,而鼓包长度和鼓包相对展长越长越有利于减阻.在此基础上开展了小后掠角自然层流机翼加3种不同类型鼓包串的优化研究,通过优化结果发现,增加优化后的三维鼓包串,可将小后掠角自然层流机翼阻力发散马赫数向后推移,并且鼓包平均长度和控制区越大,效果越好.三维鼓包串具有良好的局部控制特性,可用于局部较强激波的抑制.三维鼓包串对常规后掠翼波阻具有良好的控制效果,同时能够抑制激波诱导的机翼后缘气流分离.      

直升机旋翼桨叶防/除冰技术新思路

为了满足直升机全天候飞行和特殊环境中飞行的要求,有必要对直升机的旋翼桨叶、发动机进气道、风挡玻璃等部位采取防/除冰防护。常用的电热等防/除冰方法存在各种弊端,如消耗大量电能、冰防护装置复杂、脱冰产生危害等,而超疏水表面材料以零耗能、零设备、零操作的特点在防/除冰方面具有巨大的应用潜力。本文在总结现有防/除冰方法及其特点的基础上,介绍了超疏水表面材料的最新研究进展,探讨了其在直升机防/除冰技术上应用的可能性,为解决直升机的防/除冰问题提供了一个新思路。