K—ε两方程模型的改进及其应用

本文对标准的k-ε两方程模型进行了改进。摒弃了v_t=C_μ(k~2/ε)的假定,而从雷诺应力方程和Rodi的简化假设出发,得出了计算v_t的新表达式(10)。算例表明,它对时均速度u的计算结果比标准k-ε模型更精确。     

Pro／ENGINEER在模具设计中的使用技巧

分析了Pro／ENGINEER进行模具设计的使用技巧，阐明了并行工程技术与Pro／ENGINEER软件相结合的重要性。     

基于星体边缘和轨道投影的光学自主导航算法

针对光学导航中存在的通过星体（球体）图像部分边缘点拟合椭圆参数计算轨道参数产生中间误差的问题,提出利用边缘点映射轨道参数的直接投影模型,避免拟合椭圆参数的方法。在小孔成像模型基础上,建立了边缘点与轨道参数的直接投影数学模型,对其映射过程进行了理论推导,利用列文伯格-马夸尔特迭代算法进行求解轨道参数。用实际探测器以及镜头参数进行数值仿真验证,结果表明：该方法在相同边缘点的条件下,轨道精度可以达到5‰。与传统方法相比,这种方法避免了椭圆的拟合过程,减少了引入中间误差过程。     

Ground experiments of Chang’e-5 lunar regolith penetrating radar

The Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) is an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) array-based Ground penetrating radar (GPR) onboard the lander of Chang’e-5 (CE-5) mission. The primary scientific objectives of the LRPR are to probe the thickness and structure of lunar regolith of the landing site, and support the drilling and sampling process. In order to evaluate the performance of the LRPR, a series of ground experiments are performed using the LRPR prototype mounted on a CE-5 lander model. The performance of the LRPR is evaluated by comparing the experimental data with the simulated data. Data processing and imaging method are verified, and the interferences from the lander and other aspects are analyzed. The results of the ground experiments and simulation demonstrate that the LRPR is able to meet the design requirement of 2-m detection depth. They also indicate that the upper and lower interfaces of the stratified structure in the lunar regolith can be well distinguished by the LRPR when the dielectric constant difference is greater than 0.3, and the imaging effect of the location under the dense antennas is better than that of other positions. However, the identification capability of the LRPR to the independent blocky objects is relatively poor mainly due to the clutters caused by the lander, the sparsity of the antenna elements compared to the size of the basalt block, the limited aperture of the antenna array, and the tail of the transmitted waveform.     

Simulation and analysis of chemical release in the ionosphere

Ionospheric inhomogeneous plasma produced by single point chemical release has simple space-time structure, and cannot impact radio wave frequencies higher than Very High Frequency (VHF) band. In order to produce more complicated ionospheric plasma perturbation structure and trigger instabilities phenomena, multiple-point chemical release scheme is presented in this paper. The effects of chemical release on low latitude ionospheric plasma are estimated by linear instability growth rate theory that high growth rate represents high irregularities, ionospheric scintillation occurrence probability and high scintillation intension in scintillation duration. The amplitude scintillations and the phase scintillations of 150?MHz, 400?MHz, and 1000?MHz are calculated based on the theory of multiple phase screen (MPS), when they propagate through the disturbed area.     

TopPixelLoss:类别不均衡的遥感影像语义分割损失函数

针对遥感影像中类别不均衡的小目标分割效果不理想的问题，提出了一种类别不均衡小目标二分类分割的损失函数——TopPixelLoss损失函数。首先计算出每个像素的交叉熵，然后将所有像素的交叉熵按从大到小进行排序，随后确定一个K值作为阈值，筛选出前K个交叉熵最大的像素，最后对于筛选出的K个像素交叉熵取平均，做为损失值。在ISPRS 提供的 Vaihingen 数据集上，使用PSPNet网络与普通交叉熵、FocalLoss、TopPixelLoss三种损失函数分别对车辆进行二分类分割试验。结果表明，不同的K值，使用TopPixelLoss损失函数的平均交并比（MIoU）、F1-score、准确度（ACC）都最高;当K值为5×104时效果最佳，MIoU、F1-score、ACC分别比FocalLoss提高了3.0%、5.0%、0.1%。TopPixelLoss损失函数是一种针对类别不均衡分割非常有效的损失函数     

ExoMars 2016 Schiaparelli Module Trajectory and Atmospheric Profiles Reconstruction

On 19^th October 2016 Schiaparelli module of the ExoMars 2016 mission flew through the Mars atmosphere. After successful entry and descent under parachute, the module failed the last part of the descent and crashed on the Mars surface. Nevertheless the data transmitted in real-time by Schiaparelli during the entry and descent, together with the entry state vector as initial condition, have been used to reconstruct both the trajectory and the profiles of atmospheric density, pressure and temperature along the traversed path.The available data-set is only a small sub-set of the whole data acquired by Schiaparelli, with a limited data rate (8 kbps) and a large gap during the entry because of the plasma blackout on the communications.This paper presents the work done by the AMELIA (Atmospheric Mars Entry and Landing Investigations and Analysis) team in the exploitation of the available inertial and radar data. First a reference trajectory is derived by direct integration of the inertial measurements and a strategy to overcome the entry data gap is proposed. First-order covariance analysis is used to estimate the uncertainties on all the derived parameters. Then a refined trajectory is computed incorporating the measurements provided by the on-board radar altimeter.The derived trajectory is consistent with the events reported in the telemetry and also with the impact point identified on the high-resolution images of the landing site.Finally, atmospheric profiles are computed tacking into account the aerodynamic properties of the module. Derived profiles result in good agreement with both atmospheric models and available remote sensing observations.     

一种冲击响应谱试验设备校准装置的研制

介绍了冲击响应谱基本概念及其试验设备的分类与工作原理，参考现行冲击试验台检定规程提出了针对该设备的校准方法，设计了一种基于虚拟仪器技术的新型冲击响应谱试验设备校准装置，给出了典型冲击波形（半正弦、矩形、后峰锯齿）的冲击响应谱仿真计算结果并进行了验证，计算结果与理论结果完全一致，证明算法准确可靠，能够实现对冲击响应谱试验设备的校准。