固体火箭发动机燃烧室三维流动数值计算

采用ｋε双方程湍流模型,以ＳＩＭＰＬＥ 计算程式求解翼柱型装药固体火箭发动机燃烧室内三维非定常不可压流ＮＳ 方程．在建立翼柱型装药简化模型的基础上采用边界标志法来表达燃面推移,采用从二维到三维的初场给定方法结合多重网格法求出了多个时间步的非稳态流场结构．计算结果表明燃烧室内旋涡运动呈现一定的空间与时间分布,周向加质导致燃气通道横断面上轴向速度分布的极不均衡．     

基于释热率分析的钝体贫油熄火过程分析

针对锥形钝体稳定的甲烷-空气预混湍流火焰复杂的熄火过程,采用大涡模拟(LES)与输运方程概率密度函数(TPDF)湍流燃烧模型相结合的模拟方法,研究远离熄火、近熄火及熄火点的火焰和释热率(HRR)数值变化情况,定量分析熄火判据。结果表明:冷态速度模拟结果和实验的相对均方根误差在10%以内,热态误差在20%以内;释热率是否出现在OH和CH₂O重叠的区域,是判断熄火的一个重要参数;远离熄火时,释热率高的区域主要沿内侧剪切层出现;近熄火工况下,释热率在流向轴上闭合,回流区下游也出现较大的释热率;熄火点工况下,较大释热率的区域在回流区下游和上游均有出现;模拟预测的熄火情况和实验PLIF结果一致;平均释热率可作为判断熄火的定量依据,即当钝体后方0.2d处内侧剪切层平均释热率与回流区平均释热率的比值小于4时,发生熄火。      

GRACE gravity field modeling with an investigation on correlation between nuisance parameters and gravity field coefficients

The GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment) monthly gravity models have been independently produced and published by several research institutions, such as Center for Space Research (CSR), GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and Delft Institute of Earth Observation and Space Systems (DEOS). According to their processing standards, above institutions use the traditional variational approach except that the DEOS exploits the acceleration approach. The background force models employed are rather similar. The produced gravity field models generally agree with one another in the spatial pattern. However, there are some discrepancies in the gravity signal amplitude between solutions produced by different institutions. In particular, 10%–30% signal amplitude differences in some river basins can be observed. In this paper, we implemented a variant of the traditional variational approach and computed two sets of monthly gravity field solutions using the data from January 2005 to December 2006. The input data are K-band range-rates (KBRR) and kinematic orbits of GRACE satellites. The main difference in the production of our two types of models is how to deal with nuisance parameters. This type of parameters is necessary to absorb low-frequency errors in the data, which are mainly the aliasing and instrument errors. One way is to remove the nuisance parameters before estimating the geopotential coefficients, called NPARB approach in the paper. The other way is to estimate the nuisance parameters and geopotential coefficients simultaneously, called NPESS approach. These two types of solutions mainly differ in geopotential coefficients from degree 2 to 5. This can be explained by the fact that the nuisance parameters and the gravity field coefficients are highly correlated, particularly at low degrees. We compare these solutions with the official and published ones by means of spectral analysis. It is found that our solutions are, in general, consistent with others in the spatial pattern. The water storage variations of the Amazon, Chari and Ganges river basins have also been computed. The variations computed with the NPARB approach are closer to those produced by JPL and DEOS solutions, while the variations produced with the NPESS approach are in good agreement with those produced by the CSR and GFZ solutions. A simulation study is implemented with considering realistic noise and low-frequency error. The two approaches are used to recover the true model. The NPESS solution appears closer to the true one. Therefore we are inclined to estimate the nuisance parameters simultaneously with the geopential coefficients.     

由“纯语言”看解构主义翻译观——读本雅明《译者的任务》

通过分析和探讨“纯语言”这一重要概念,评述解构主义翻译观的实质。     

一种新的最速下降算法在自适应噪声对消中的应用

自适应噪声对消在很多领域有着重要应用。为了进行自适应噪声对消,提出了一种新的最速下降算法。该算法主要原理是对多元二次函数进行降维处理,使其变成一元二次函数,再应用抛物线的性质分别循环迭代地求解每一个维度上的极值。在自适应噪声对消应用中,所提算法与传统的自适应算法进行对比,具有收敛速度快,滤波效果好,滤波效果可调节,抗恶劣信噪比以及急剧变化信噪比,不需选择迭代步长,适合计算机和可编程硬件实现等优点。      

无虚拟节点罚函数位移协调法

基于罚函数提出了一种界面协调技术——无虚拟节点罚函数位移协调法,推导了该界面协调技术的耦合公式,证明了当惩罚参数y趋于无穷大时该方法的解趋于理论解.该方法的刚度矩阵具有对称性、带状性,同时该法还有精度高、计算效率高等优点.最后,通过算例分析,验证了其合理性.     

非线性油膜支承裂纹转子振动特性分析

 以具有无限长轴承和无限短轴承支承的横向裂纹转子为研究对象,分析在非线性油膜力与横向裂纹联合作用时,Jeffcott转子的动力特性,并将其与刚性支承情况进行比较。结果表明轴承油膜力的存在对裂纹转子的振动影响较大,一般将降低转子的振动,这样势必增加转子裂纹故障诊断的难度。所以,在进行裂纹转子的故障诊断时,必须考虑到支承条件的影响,建立合理的动力学模型。     

F-12 纤维/RE14复合材料压力容器成型工艺研究

研究讨论了缠绕过程中几种主要工艺参数对F— 12纤维 /RE14配方Φ15 0mm压力容器复合材料性能的影响。结果表明 :采用“交替”铺层方式缠绕成型 ,含胶量控制在 30 %～ 4 0 % (质量分数 ) ,缠绕张力控制在 15 0N～ 2 0 0N ,采用GPC谱图控制固化时机 ,得到的复合材料综合性能较好 ;用优化出的工艺参数进行了Φ4 80mm压力容器试验 ,结果表明其容器特性系数PV/W值为 37.0 2km ,纤维强度转化率高达73.2 6 %。     

喷管型面对固体火箭发动机性能的影响

用时间相关法数值计算跨音速喷管流动时,其控制方程分别采用守恒型和非守恒型方程.通过对JPL喷管进行计算发现:在相同的精度下,非守恒型方程的收敛速度比守恒型方程的收敛速度快一倍多.采用修正阻尼法(DASHCO法)进行数值计算,其收敛速度均提高六倍以上.最后,采用直接优化法研究了喷管收敛段型面及喉部型面对发动机性能的影响.     

4F傅里叶变换透镜系统对粒子场全息记录的影响

 4F傅里叶变换透镜系统在空间滤波和光学信息处理中,被广泛用来处理二维透光物体。但在实际应用中,4F系统也被用于三维场的研究。例如三维粒子场的全息记录。由于全息记录的特点,要求了解经4F系统转换后的粒子物光场,以确定粒子场的空间分布。而目前4F系统在粒子场全息记录的应用基础均借助对二维物场的研究理论。本文讨论了经4F系统转换后的三维粒子物光场的特点以及对全息记录的影响。