离子束增强沉积TiB2薄膜的耐蚀性能研究

研究了在紫铜基材上用离子束增强沉积法（ＩＢＥＤ）沉积ＴｉＢ２薄膜后，在６００，７００和８００℃的空气中氧化的动力学曲线；在ＩＮＨ２ＳＯ４溶液中，用动电位扫描法测定了其极化曲线和极化阻力，用ＳＥＭ观察了其形貌，用俄歇电子谱仪（ＡＥＳ）分析了膜的成份，用Ｘ－射线衍射仪（ＸＲＤ）研究了膜的微观结构；讨论了ＴｉＢ２薄膜具有优良耐蚀性的机理。     

“天问一号”火星探测器UHF频段中继通信系统设计

“天问一号”火星探测器超高频（Ultra high frequency, UHF）频段中继通信系统作为中国首次火星探测任务实现的重要组成部分,负责为着陆巡视器与环绕器之间在火星进入、下降、着陆阶段（Entry, descent and landing, EDL）与火面巡视阶段提供高效可靠的通信服务。本文对中国火星探测器UHF频段中继通信方案进行了介绍,给出中继通信系统的组成、技术指标及链路设计方法,并对在轨飞行试验数据进行了分析。结果表明,全新研制的“天问一号”探测器UHF频段中继通信系统圆满完成了任务目标,其设计、实现和应用为后续中国深空中继通信系统研制提供了技术参考。     

敏捷需求分析方法在航天测控软件中的应用

针对小型软件和型号任务软件需求分析效果欠佳的问题,在分析目前航天测控软件需求分析制度、需求分析成本和效果不成比例等因素的基础上,提出结合敏捷需求分析方法和传统需求分析方法对航天测控软件需求分析进行改进。根据航天测控任务软件的特点,针对不同需求类型,分别吸取2种需求分析方法的优势,进行需求分析,以快速适应任务联调和实施。通过在三维实时显示软件项目试点,验证了该方法的可行性,降低了需求分析成本,实现了对用户快速反馈,提高了开发人员积极性和用户满意度,可以在航天测控任务软件及其他类似软件中全面推广。     

Experimental study of entrainment phenomenon in a trapped vortex combustor

Trapped vortex combustor (TVC) is an advanced low-pollution gas turbine combustor, with the adoption of staged combustion technique. To achieve low-pollutant emission and better combustion performance, the proportion of the air flow in each combustion zone should be precisely determined in the design of the combustor. Due to the presence of entrainment phenomenon, the total air flow in the cavity zone is difficult to estimate. To overcome the measurement difficulty, this study adopts the indirect measurement approach in the experimental research of entrainment phenomenon in the cavity. In accordance with the measurement principle, a TVC model fueled by methane is designed. Under two experimental conditions, i.e. with and without direct air intake in the cavity, the influence of the mainstream air flow velocity, the air intake velocity in the cavity, the height of inlet channel, the structure of holder and the structural proportion of the cavity on entrainment in the cavity is studied, respectively, through experiment at atmospheric temperature and pressure. The results suggest that the air flow velocity of mainstream, the air intake velocity of the cavity and the structure of the holder exert significant influence on the air entrainment, while the influence of structural proportion of the cavity is comparatively insignificant. The square root of momentum ratio of cavity air to mainstream air could be used to analyze the correlation of the entrainment data.     

焊接方式对铝合金搅拌摩擦焊T 型接头性能的影响

采用4种规格的搅拌头进行了2A70-T6铝合金T型接头搅拌摩擦焊试验,并对焊缝横截面进行了观察以及焊缝抗拉强度的测试.结果表明:焊缝中前进侧熔合过渡区的金属变形比返回侧剧烈,焊缝断裂往往发生在前进侧;在相同的焊接参数下,单道焊缝的焊核宽度与抗拉强度随着搅拌针直径的增大而增大,但增大的幅度较小,并列焊的焊缝抗拉强度仅为单道焊缝的93％左右;为了获取相同宽度的焊核,采用加粗搅拌针单道焊比并列焊更具有优势.     

飞行器典型热密封结构

对航天飞机、X-38和X-51等飞行器的热密封结构进行了综合评述.分析了机身TPS、机身开口部位及控制面三个安装部位的热密封结构特点,综述了其热密封组件的研究历程和使用现状.     

从“权力距离”视角解读大学英语口语教学之现状

大学英语口语教学中的一个难题是学生在口语练习过程中的不参与、不配合。文化维度理论的“权力距离”可从文化差异的角度去解读造成师生关系尴尬的原因，从而为改进大学英语口语教学效果提出一些有效的教学建议。     

超声波预处理的人血小板冻干保存实验

在热孵化的基础上增加超声波辐射以强化海藻糖载入血小板,将处理后的血小板进行冷冻干燥保存,以未经超声波辐射仅受热孵化预处理的血小板为对照组,研究超声波预处理对人血小板冻干保存的影响。结果表明,经25 kHz,0.8 W/cm2的超声波辐射30 min的血小板细胞内海藻糖浓度达到(28.9±4.48)mmol/L,比对照组提高118.9%,超声处理后样品经血液学检测各项指标均为正常。两组血小板同时进行冻干后复水,经检验,样品组冻干血小板数值恢复率为(83.3±4.88)%,血小板分布宽度值(Platelet distribution width,PDW)为(18.9±1.55)%;对照组血小板数值恢复率为(80.8±4.54)%,PDW值为(18.1±1.15)%,两者不存在统计学差异。据此实验结果可以认为,超声波载糖法用于血小板冻干预处理是可行的,这为进一步进行血小板冻干研究提供了参考。     

Multi-parameter optimization of machining impeller surface based on the on-machine measuring technique

Selecting the optimal machining parameters for impeller surface is a challenging task in the automatic manufacturing industry, due to its free-form surface and deep-crooked flow channel. Existing experimental methods require lots of machining experiments and off-line tests, which may lead to high machining cost and low efficiency. This paper proposes a novel method of machining parameters optimization for an impeller based on the on-machine measuring technique. The absolute average error and standard deviation of the measured points are used to define the grey relational grade for reconstructing the objective function, and the complex problem of multi-objective optimization is simplified into a problem of single-objective optimization. Then, by comparing the values of the defined grey relational grade in a designed orthogonal experiment, the optimal combination of the machining parameters is obtained. The experiment-solving process of the objective function corresponds to the minimization of the used errors, which is advantageous to reducing the machining error. The proposed method is efficient and low-cost, since it does not require re-clamping the workpiece for off-line tests. Its effectiveness is verified by an on-machine inspection experiment of the impeller blade.