Simulation study on slant-to-vertical deviation in two dimensional TEC mapping over the ionosphere equatorial anomaly

With the rapid increase of GPS/GNSS receivers being deployed and operated in China, real-time GPS data from nearly a thousand sites are available at the National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorology Administration. However, it is challenging to generate a high-quality regional total electron content (TEC) map with the traditional two-dimensional (2-D) retrieval scheme because a large horizontal gradient has been reported over east–south Asia due to the northern equatorial ionization anomaly. We developed an Ionosphere Data Assimilation Analysis System (IDAAS), which is described in this study, using an International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model as the background and applying a Kalman filter for updated observations. The IDAAS can reconstruct a three-dimensional ionosphere with the GPS slant TEC. The inverse slant TEC correlates well with observations both for GPS sites involved in the reconstruction and sites that are not involved. Based on the IDAAS, simulations were performed to investigate the deviation relative to the slant-to-vertical conversion (STV). The results indicate that the relative deviation induced by slant-to-vertical conversion may be significant in certain instances, and the deviation varies from 0% to 40% when the elevation decreases from 90° to 15°, while the relative IDAAS deviation is much smaller and varies from −5% to 15% without an elevation dependence. Compared with ‘true TEC’ map derived from the model, there is large difference in STV TEC map but no obvious discrepancy in IDAAS map. Generally, the IDAAS TEC map is much closer to the “true TEC” than is STV TEC map is.     

本地标准时间频率的产生与保持

近年来，地方协调时UTC(BIRM)守时能力稳步提升，截至目前，UTC(BIRM)与UTC的相对频率偏差优于3E-14，时间偏差优于20ns。本文概括介绍了守时系统的组成，本地频率驾驭与主备同步技术，以及TA(BIRM)算法研究等。     

Using vegetation indices and texture measures to estimate vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) of planted and natural forests in Nanjing city,China

Vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) is an important vegetation parameter affecting exchanges of carbon, water, energy between the atmosphere and surface. In this study, the applicability of tonal and texture measures calculated using an IKONOS_2 image in retrieving VFC of forests was investigated in the urban area of Nanjing city, China. Four spectral vegetation indices (VI) and six texture measures (TEX) were related to VFCs acquired from in situ measurements. Models for estimating VFC based on VIs or/and TEXs were established and validated for planted low broad-leaf forest plots (PLB), planted mature forest plots (PMF), natural broad-leaf forest plots (NBF), and all forest plots (ALLv), respectively. The results show that high spatial resolution remote sensing data is applicable to estimate VFC in urban areas, and TEXs may act as effective supplements of vegetation indices (VIs) for the retrieval of VFC. VIs are suitable for VFC estimation of mature forests (such as NBF and PMF) with high vegetation density, and TEXs can yield a more accurate estimate for planted forests (such as PLB and PMF) with regular spatial distribution if they are calculated with proper parameters, such as window size. The combination of VIs and TEXs improve the estimation of VFC if forest types are not previously differentiated. The results can be used as a reference for determining effective spectral or texture parameters in VFC estimation under similar environmental conditions according to vegetation maturity and regularity.     

757-200飞机ATC系统典型故障分析

空中交通管制(ATC)系统是空地建立有效联系、保障飞行安全的一个重要电子系统。本文分析介绍一些ATC系统典型故障的快速排除方法,并根据故障成因提出有效的维护建议以供借鉴,对避免因ATC系统故障导致航班不正常的情况非常有效。     

质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能退化机理

利用自制的Φ800 mm空间综合辐照试验设备和X射线光电子能谱等分析手段对质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜的力学性能退化及机理进行了研究。研究发现:薄膜的断裂伸长率和拉伸强度随质子辐照注量的增加而呈指数减小,弹性模量基本不变;质子辐照后聚酰亚胺薄膜仍具有较好的热稳定性,但其在紫外可见光波段透射率降低,透射光谱发生红移;分子键的断裂和交联是质子辐照聚酰亚胺薄膜力学性能降低的主要原因。     

多喷口环量控制翼型流动的研究

提出了多喷口环量控制翼型的想法，并进行了数值研究。结果表明，多喷口环量控制方法可以在中、小Ｃμ吹气时提高翼型的升力和减小能耗，并能改善环量控制翼型在较高来流马赫数下的气动性能，避免“压缩性失速”。     

外围投篮命中率的概率分析

利用几何概率的方法，解决投篮命中率问题，为将概率论应用到体育中去提供了新的思路。     

检波器谐振频率数学模型及其频响误差的修正

峰值检波器的频响误差在高频段主要是由分布参数产生的高频谐振误差。本文利用实测数据建立了检波器谐振频率数学模型，根据模型的预测值对检波器和了频响误差修正。计量检定表明修正后的频响误差大大减小。