不同尾翼鸭式布局远程弹在跨／超声速的气动特性实验研究

为了研究鸭式布局远程弹尾翼对气动特性的影响,设计了无尾翼,“T”型尾8翼,栅格尾翼三种尾翼布局,通过风洞测力实验研究不同布局在不同马赫数及迎角状态下对远程弹气动特性尤其是滚转特性的影响。实验结果显示：安装“T”型尾翼的模型和安装栅格尾翼的模型相比,在跨声速阶段,其升力特性优于栅格尾翼,也更利于滚转控制,但在超声速区域,栅格尾翼模型具有明显的升力特性优势,同时也容易进行滚转控制,而减小阻力是栅格翼将来需要解决的问题。     

紧凑凸肋通道对尾缘劈缝气膜冷却特性的影响

以稳态压敏漆技术和瞬态热色液晶技术为测量方法,实验研究了尾缘区域凸肋内冷供气通道对外部气膜冷却特性的影响,详细对比分析了直肋间距和吹风比对尾缘劈缝扩张表面的气膜冷却效率、对流换热系数和劈缝流量系数的影响,并引入热流密度比来衡量对比紧凑凸肋通道对劈缝表面的综合冷却效率增强性能。实验结果表明：劈缝流量系数受吹风比的影响较小,随肋间距的增大而减小;凸肋通道明显加强了射流的混乱程度,导致其与主流掺混程度加剧,降低了劈缝表面远下游区域的气膜冷却效率,小肋间距结构气膜冷却效率略高于大肋间距结构,随着吹风比的增大,凸肋通道结构与基准结构的气膜冷却效率差异减小;凸肋通道结构可提升基准结构缝出口区域的低换热性能,尤其对于小肋间距结构,大吹风比时,缝出口的换热核心区沿流向延伸效果增强;具有小肋间距的凸肋通道对尾缘劈缝的综合冷却性能有促进作用,其中肋间距p/h=4结构可提升15%～20%的综合冷却性能,而大肋间距结构明显降低了基准结构的综合冷却性能。     

冷却塔群塔干扰条件下脉动风压分布模式

冷却塔群塔为常见的群体建筑物组合形式,存在复杂的塔群干扰效应.传统的群塔干扰效应研究通常面向塔筒等效静风荷载,忽略了群塔组合对于脉动风压分布模式干扰效应的量化研究.为了研究群塔组合条件下脉动风压的干扰分布模式,选取具备多种气动干扰特点的八塔组合矩形布置方案为研究对象,对群塔进行刚性模型同步测压风洞试验,获取了不同风向角...     

从美军"PTN"项目看前沿技术在飞行员训练体系中的应用前景

美国空军教育和训练司令部"PTN"项目即"未来飞行员训练计划"已经完成两期验证,项目重点集成了虚拟现实、增强现实、先进生理传感器、人工智能和大数据分析技术,研究了新技术对飞行员训练的适用性.项目取得了良好的效果,美军计划将该项目作为未来飞行员训练体系的重要组成部分.本文分析了"PTN"项目的 组织实施过程和实施效果,阐述了人工智能、虚拟现实、大数据等前沿技术在飞行员培训体系中的应用前景.     

中国航空运输生产函数和成本函数的实证研究

从本质上讲,生产函数反映了生产过程中投入要素的数量与产出量之间的技术关系。定义决定中国航空运输产出量的关键要素为航空运输飞机占用资本、飞行员的飞行驾驶劳动和航空油料消耗,利用C—D生产函数,以中国航空运输总周转量表示产出,以运输飞机数量、正驾驶飞行员人数和航空油料消耗量表示投入,利用1990--2005年中国航空运输生产的相关数据资料,进行模型估计。同时,以生产函数为基础构建航空运输的成本函数,并通过生产函数和成本函数分析中国航空运输生产包括规模经济性在内的一些重要特征。     

孔间距和前倾角对进出口扩张形气膜孔流量系数的影响(英文)

Discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole of three inclination angles and three spacing between holes are presented which described the discharge behavior of a row of holes. The inlet and outlet of the 3-in-1 hole both have a 15° lateral expansion. The flow conditions considered are mainstream turbulence intensities and density ratios of secondary flow to mainstream. The momentum flux ratios varied in the range from 1 to 4. The comparison is made of the discharge coefficients of three shaped holes to find an optimal hole with low flow loss. The results show that the discharge coefficients of 3-in- 1 hole are highest in three shaped holes and therefore this article is focused on the measurements of discharge coefficients of 3-in-1 hole for various geometries and aerodynamic parameters. The measured results of 3-in-1 hole indicate that turbulence intensities, density ratios and momentum flux ratios have weak influence on discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 20°. The high turbulence intensity yields the small discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased both momentum flux ratios and density ratios lead to the increased discharge coefficients for inclination angle of 45° and 90°. The increased inclination angle causes the rapidly increased discharge coefficients. There is a weak dependence of discharge coefficients on hole pitches.     

分布式网络技术在燃气轮机性能测试系统中的应用

分析了分布式网络系统及燃气轮机性能测试系统的结构特点,描述了基于系统级、子系统级和工作站级的分布式测试系统的3级结构模型.     

差动变压器式位移传感器专家设计系统的研究

在分析差动变压器式位移传感器整个设计流程的基础上,提出开发位移传感器专家设计系统。按照实际流程,将专家设计系统分为参数设计、分析仿真、三维建模三个部分,并简要介绍了整个系统的结构、功能及实现。     

军机LRM及其关键技术研究

LRM(外场可更换模块)是第四代军机航电系统的主要特征,对于提高军机战备完好性和降低其全寿命周期费用有着重要意义.分析了航电系统传统结构的不足,指出了基于LRM结构的航电系统的优点,阐述了LRM的设计要求及现有标准,并深入研究了其关键技术,以便为我军新机设计提供参考.     

Energy Release and Particle Acceleration in Flares: Summary and Future Prospects

RHESSI measurements relevant to the fundamental processes of energy release and particle acceleration in flares are summarized. RHESSI??s precise measurements of hard X-ray continuum spectra enable model-independent deconvolution to obtain the parent electron spectrum. Taking into account the effects of albedo, these show that the low energy cut-off to the electron power-law spectrum is typically ?tens of keV, confirming that the accelerated electrons contain a large fraction of the energy released in flares. RHESSI has detected a high coronal hard X-ray source that is filled with accelerated electrons whose energy density is comparable to the magnetic-field energy density. This suggests an efficient conversion of energy, previously stored in the magnetic field, into the bulk acceleration of electrons. A new, collisionless (Hall) magnetic reconnection process has been identified through theory and simulations, and directly observed in space and in the laboratory; it should occur in the solar corona as well, with a reconnection rate fast enough for the energy release in flares. The reconnection process could result in the formation of multiple elongated magnetic islands, that then collapse to bulk-accelerate the electrons, rapidly enough to produce the observed hard X-ray emissions. RHESSI??s pioneering ??-ray line imaging of energetic ions, revealing footpoints straddling a flare loop arcade, has provided strong evidence that ion acceleration is also related to magnetic reconnection. Flare particle acceleration is shown to have a close relationship to impulsive Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events observed in the interplanetary medium, and also to both fast coronal mass ejections and gradual SEP events. New instrumentation to provide the high sensitivity and wide dynamic range hard X-ray and ??-ray measurements, plus energetic neutral atom (ENA) imaging of SEPs above ??2 R_??, will enable the next great leap forward in understanding particle acceleration and energy release is large solar eruptions??solar flares and associated fast coronal mass ejections (CMEs).