水下喷雾发动机非设计点性能分析

针对水下喷雾发动机非设计工况下运行特性,建立数学模型并开展数值模拟研究,分析了航行体速度及环境压力对发动机性能的影响等,以期全面了解发动机特性,为其设计工作奠定理论基础。计算结果表明:当发动机应用于航行速度大于发动机设计速度的航行体时,需增大通入气体质量流率,但发动机推力略有减小,推进效率增大;环境压力大于发动机设计工况时,需减小气体质量流率,同时发动机推力及推进效率均减小。通过反馈控制调节气体质量流率及压力,可使发动机动力输出满足航行体一定速度范围内航行的推力需求。      

一种基于微多普勒特征的海面角反射器干扰鉴别方法

角反射器是海面舰船对抗反舰导弹的一种重要的无源干扰。本文以漂浮式角反射器干扰和舰船为研究对象,根据耐波性理论,建立了海面目标的微动模型,并分析了它们的微动特征。采用散射中心模型,推导了海面目标横摇运动引入的雷达微多普勒信号模型,利用时频分析方法和一阶矩方法,提取了目标回波的瞬时多普勒和微多普勒。通过定义目标雷达回波的微多普勒主频率特征实现了角反射器干扰的有效鉴别。仿真计算表明,在信噪比大于0dB的条件下,角反射器干扰的正确鉴别率大于95%。     

Fault-tolerant Control Under Constrained Input for Flexible Satellite Attitude Control System during Orbit Control

轨控期间的卫星由于推力器安装偏差,实施推力时会产生较大的干扰力矩,直接影响到卫星姿态稳定.除此,考虑到执行机构提供的力矩是有限的,为保证系统的稳定性,需在设计控制器的过程中考虑输入受限问题.本文针对卫星执行机构故障情况,综合考虑输入受限和干扰问题,提出一种基于输入受限的挠性卫星姿态容错控制策略,并开展了仿真试验,验证了本文设计的姿态容错控制器的有效性.     

低冲击弹射式发射箱前盖分离特性

针对火箭、导弹储运发射箱前盖快速开启、可靠分离的设计需求,提出一种利用弹簧储能的低冲击弹射式发射箱前盖方案。在此基础上,结合设计方案各部件在分离过程中的受力特性,建立前盖分离和抛落的理论模型,对箱盖分离轨迹进行计算分析。为优化设计参数,利用实验设计方法(DOE)和响应面法(RSM)对影响前盖抛落距离的储能弹簧刚度、有效作用距离以及活动冲击部件的斜板倾角等进行优化分析,获得满足可靠分离判据的优化结果。最后利用基于多体动力学模型的虚拟样机试验对优化模型进行了校验分析,验证了设计方案的可行性和理论模型的合理性。     

机翼-机身-短舱-挂架外形气动优化设计方法

采用基于径向基函数的无限插值方法进行了复杂外形的动网格生成,并针对其存在的可能导致壁面附近出现负体积与网格质量下降的问题,提出对不与物面直接相连的边的位移采用径向基函数插值,对与物面相连的边的位移进行线性插值获得位移量的方法解决该问题.采用无限插值方法建立了一种简单有效的物面相贯线处理方法.利用离散共轭方法计算目标函数梯度,对DLR-F6 机翼-机身-短舱-挂架外形的机翼和短舱进行了几何外形参数化与气动外形优化设计.结果表明:考虑短舱安装方式的优化设计较不考虑短舱安装方式的优化设计可降低大约0.0001的阻力系数.通过全机优化设计,将全机阻力系数降低了0.00153.      

1+1对转涡轮气动设计技术研究

分析了对转涡轮方案的影响因素,推导了带导叶对转涡轮基元级速度三角形参数与涡轮效率和出功比的关系,进行了速度三角形的分析,得到了带导叶对转涡轮速度三角形的设计规律。为验证此规律,选取了基元级基本参数,在此基础上,进行了考虑冷却的1+1对转涡轮气动方案的设计;并利用三维数值模拟手段对所设计的气动方案进行了验证。结果表明,所完成的涡轮气动方案能够满足设计要求,且选取的速度三角形基本参数与数值模拟结果较为接近。     

Numerical simulation of flow in swirl injector for power-law fluid

In order to investigate the flow characteristics of swirl injectors for gelled propellants, which actually behaved as non-Newtonian power-law fluid, a swirl axisymmetric model was established to solve Navier-Stokes equations and VOF (volume of fluid) equation, and the power-law constitutive equation was used to describe the rheology characteristics of the gelled propellants. The film thickness and velocity distribution in the swirl injector under different flow conditions were studied numerically. The simulation results show that the increased geometry characteristic parameter of the swirl injector contributes to the decrease of liquid film thickness. The liquid film thickness is almost independent of the pressure drop. The rheologic parameters have great influences on the inner flow of swirl injector: by increasing the fluid consistency index K and power index n, both the axial and the swirl velocities decrease dramatically; higher fluid consistency index K and power index n make the liquid film thickness increase. When the viscosity is large enough, the air core in the injector would vanish.      

确定时间序列均值和方差函数的移动多点平均方法

为了提高有限样本或小样本情况下时间序列均值和方差函数的确定精度,以保证时序建模、分析和预测精度,提出一种确定序列趋势项的移动多点平均方法.该方法能够得到时间序列均值中非周期部分,结合样本周期图法得到的周期项,可综合得到其均值函数,并可进一步得到时序的标准差函数.Monte Carlo模拟对比结果表明:该方法不仅能够保证时间序列段内分析精度,而且能够有效提高时间序列的预报精度.      

CFD Study of NO_x Emissions in a Model Commercial Aircraft Engine Combustor

Air worthiness requirements of the aircraft engine emission bring new challenges to the combustor research and design. With the motivation to design high performance and clean combustor, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is utilized as the powerful design approach. In this paper, Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations of reactive two-phase flow in an experimental low emission combustor is performed. The numerical approach uses an implicit compressible gas solver together with a Lagrangian liquid-phase tracking method and the extended coherent flamelet model for turbulence-combustion interaction. The NOx formation is modeled by the concept of post-processing, which resolves the NOx transport equation with the assumption of frozen temperature distribution. Both turbulence-combustion interaction model and NOx formation model are firstly evaluated by the comparison of experimental data published in open literature of a lean direct injection (LDI) combustor. The test rig studied in this paper is called low emission stirred swirl (LESS) combustor, which is a two-stage model combustor, fueled with liquid kerosene (RP-3) and designed by Beihang University (BUAA). The main stage of LESS combustor employs the principle of lean prevaporized and premixed (LPP) concept to reduce pollutant, and the pilot stage depends on a diffusion flame for flame stabili-zation. Detailed numerical results including species distribution, turbulence performance and burning performance are qualita-tively and quantitatively evaluated. Numerical prediction of NOx emission shows a good agreement with test data at both idle condition and full power condition of LESS combustor. Preliminary results of the flame structure are shown in this paper. The flame stabilization mechanism and NOx reduction effort are also discussed with in-depth analysis.     

ICP加速度传感器恒定电流对其灵敏度的影响

在振动与冲击测试中,ICP加速度传感器应用较为广泛,而传感器灵敏度是其最基本的指标之一。实际使用时,ICP加速度传感器通常都会配有信号调节仪,该调节仪为ICP加速度传感器提供恒定电流,不同的信号调节仪所提供的恒定电流也会有所不同。在不同恒定电流情况下,传感器灵敏度是否随之变化,如何变化？针对这一问题我们展开讨论。