弯曲管道内湍流流动的数值模拟

为了对弯曲管道内的湍流流动特性进行有效的预测，用显示代数应力模式对－典型的弯曲管道内流动进行了数值模拟和分析，计算结果表明：（1）显式代数应力模式能对弯曲管道内流动的平均量（如速度、压力、摩阻等）进行较为准确的预测；（2）对模式中的ε方程做适当修正后，该模式能较好地模拟出流动曲率效尖对湍流特性的影响，是对雷诺应力模式的一个比较好的近似。此外，该模式在形式上与标准k－ε两方程模式类似，使用方便，具有较强的工程实用价值。     

用粘性涡方法计算伞状物绕流

文章用粘性涡方法计算了二维伞状物绕流问题。首先阐述了涡方法的基本理论 ,包括涡元的对流、粘性扩散、物面涡元的脱落、物体所受气动力计算等 ,然后介绍了使用涡方法的一般步骤。最后将完全充满的伞衣简化为二维圆弧壳 ,计算了伞衣内外压力分布、阻力系数及升力系数     

空间机器人神经网络自适应滑模目标操控轨迹跟踪控制

针对参数未知的空间目标操控问题,考虑空间机器人负载不确定性、系统动力学不确定性和环境扰动等因素,为实现操作过程的稳定控制及机器人轨迹的有效跟踪,提出一种基于径向基神经网络估计不确定项的自适应增益非奇异终端滑模变结构控制器。首先基于拉格朗日法建立空间机器人的刚体动力学模型。考虑空间机器人基座姿态主动控制模式,使用径向基神经网络对模型中的不确定项进行估计。进而提出基于神经网络估计的非奇异终端滑模控制器,并针对不确定性和扰动的估计误差设计自适应增益,以期实现空间机器人系统轨迹跟踪控制的收敛。仿真校验结果表明所设计的控制方法具有较好的误差收敛速度和控制精度。     

预混可燃流体在大长径比圆管内流动传热点燃研究

通过对预混可燃流体在大长径比圆管内的流动和传热的分析,首次提出一种用于脉冲火箭发动机多次点火的方法。新型发动机中,预混可燃流体在流动过程中被加热,并自动点火,按需要通过迅速散热保证熄火,从而实现了任意脉冲的自动点火和熄火,并可实现推力调节。对这种点火方法进行了理论分析和实验研究,成功地得到了5个工作脉冲。     

无隔道超声速进气道附面层排除特性飞行试验研究

为了分析评估某型歼击机无隔道进气道附面层的排除特性,设计搭建鼓包表面附面层压力梯度测量试验系统,进行了不同飞行高度、马赫数和姿态角等工况下的飞行试验。通过对飞行试验数据的整理、计算和对比分析同型号的缩比模型风洞试验结果,研究了无隔道进气道鼓包表面附面层排除特性。研究结果表明：稳定平飞时,在亚音速范围内,随着飞行高度的增加,鼓包构型对附面层的排除效果增大,而在超音速范围内,变化规律相反;在接近马赫数1.8及以上飞行工况下,鼓包表面附面层的扫除能力有所减弱,附面层气流分离加速,进而会造成较大的进气压力损失和畸变。单纯迎角飞行有利于增强附面层的排除能力;而带侧滑角飞行时,附面层压力系数曲线的拐点沿鼓包中心线平行向“背风面”偏移,偏移量与侧滑角成正比,进气道鼓包表面“迎风面”附面层排除能力增大,而“背风面”受气流分离影响而减弱。     

用于RFOG的光学锁相环仿真研究

谐振式光纤陀螺是实现光纤陀螺小型化发展的重要方向,具有广阔的应用背景和很好的应用前景。而激光器作为谐振式光纤陀螺的关键设备之一,其性能直接影响着谐振式光纤陀螺的精度。为了解决谐振式光学陀螺的背反噪声问题,采用光学锁相环技术对激光器频率进行锁定的方案,通过对光学锁相环进行建模、仿真分析,重点研究了锁相原理及锁相方案,验证了基于电流调制的半导体激光器的光学锁相环可行性。最终验证了光学锁相环的相位锁定效果,实现了两激光器输出频率差值稳定的设计目标。     

Digital fixed-frequency hysteresis current control of a BLDC motor applied for aerospace electrically powered actuators

In the conventional cascade control structure of aerospace electrically powered actuators, the current (or electromagnetic torque) loop plays a critical role in realizing a rapid response for a digitally controlled BrushLess Direct Current (BLDC) motor. Hysteresis Current Control (HCC) is an effective method in improving the performance of current control for a BLDC motor. Nevertheless, the varying modulating frequency in the traditional HCC causes severe problems on the safety of power devices and the electromagnetic compatibility design. A triangular carrier-based fixed-frequency HCC strategy is expanded by relaxing the constraints on the rising and descending rates of the winding current to advance the capability of HCC to realize fixed-frequency modulation in the steady state. Based on that, a new flexible-bound-size quasi-fixed-frequency HCC is proposed, and the range feasible to realize fixed-frequency modulation control can cover the entire running process in the steady state. Meanwhile, a corresponding digital control strategy is designed, and four digitalization rules are proposed to extend the capacity to achieve fixed-frequency modulation control to the unsteady working state, that is, a novel fixed-frequency modulation is realized. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness of this improved fixed-frequency HCC strategy.     

民机电传飞控系统CCAR 25.672符合性验证思路研究

首先阐述民机电传飞控系统适航符合性验证的定义,然后详细介绍了民机电传飞控系统适航符合性方法和选用原则,最后以国内某型民用客机为研究对象,开展了针对CCAR25.672条款的符合性验证思路的分析与研究。     

基于FMI的飞行器分系统多源异构模型一体化仿真

针对飞行器设计领域各个分系统独立建模设计,产生的多源异构模型难以进行联合数学仿真的问题,提出了采用FMI构建多源异构模型的通用通信接口,从FMU模型封装与联合仿真两方面,给出了一种一体化仿真平台解决方案。以实际项目为背景,验证了平台的兼容性和扩展性。为控制专业的设计工作提供了新的平台,解决了各分系统研发单位之间模型级交流的困难与障碍。同时使控制专业设计人员仅需要了解分系统原理,而无需完全细致了解模型内部结构甚至自行建模,就可以进行设计验证工作,缩短了产品研制周期。     

Modeling and experimental validation of sawing based lander anchoring and sampling methods for asteroid exploration

This paper presents a novel lander anchoring system based on sawing method for asteroid exploration. The system is composed of three robotic arms, three cutting discs, and a control system. The discs mounted at the end of the arms are able to penetrate into the rock surface of asteroids. After the discs cut into the rock surface, the self-locking function of the arms provides forces to fix the lander on the surface. Modeling, trajectory planning, simulations, mechanism design, and prototype fabrication of the anchoring system are discussed, respectively. The performances of the system are tested on different kinds of rocks, at different sawing angles, locations, and speeds. Results show that the system can cut 15?mm deep into granite rock in 180?s at sawing angle of 60°, with the average power of 58.41?W, and the “weight on bit” (WOB) of 8.637?N. The 7.8?kg anchoring system is capable of providing omni-directional anchoring forces, at least 225?N normal and 157?N tangent to the surface of the rock. The system has the advantages of low-weight, low energy consumption and balance forces, high anchoring efficiency and reliability, and could enable the lander to move and sample or assist astronauts and robots in walking and sampling on asteroids.