压电驱动器用于薄板型结构振动主动控制研究

对一个带有压电铺层的悬臂层合板进行了振动主动控制的分析和试验。不但采用了速率反馈 ,还用现代控制理论的设计方法研究了最优控制问题 ,设计了相应的数字式控制试验系统 ,进行了试验验证 ,并对 2种控制律的结果进行了比较。同时还研究了机电耦合刚阵的影响。     

电沉积条件对Ni-Mo合金成分及其形貌的影响

利用SEM研究了电沉积条件,如：电流密度、电镀时间、镀液温度、pH值、空气搅拌、及N2H4·H2SO4浓度等对Ni-Mo合金成分和形貌的影响。利用XRD研究了Ni-Mo合金沉积层的结构。在电流密度为6．75A／dm2,镀液温度为25℃,pH＝8．3,电镀时间为10min,空气搅拌的情况下,Ni-Mo合金沉积层中Mo的含量高达68wt％。XRD结果表明其沉积层为非晶结构．     

革新涡轮加速器模态转换特性研究

为研究革新涡轮加速器(RTA)模态转换特性和控制策略,基于发动机部件特性法建立了RTA发动机性能仿真模型,对RTA发动机模态转换过程进行了分析,提出了采用不同调节手段实现模态转换过程的方法,对不同转换方法进行了仿真对比,制定了沿给定飞行轨迹的模态转换控制计划,保证模态转换过程中,发动机可始终工作在最大允许机械负荷和最大允许热负荷状态。基于本文提出的模态转换控制计划,RTA发动机可在Ma1.6条件下开始模态转换,实现在Ma0～4.0范围稳定工作,工作过程中发动机涵道比变化范围接近8倍,为飞行器加速提供高推力性能。     

单孔冲击式帽罩前缘流动换热特性数值分析

为了提高航空发动机帽罩冲击防冰结构的设计分析水平,对单孔冲击式帽罩前缘结构的流动换热特性进行数值研究,分析了不同冲击孔径与不同冲击雷诺数对帽罩前缘速度流场、换热系数与努塞尔数的分布规律。结果表明:在冲击雷诺数一定的条件下,冲击孔径越大,射流核心速度和前缘壁面附近的气流速度越小,前缘冲击区形成的涡流团越大,当孔径D=6 mm时,小孔径冲击下前缘区整体换热效果不如大孔径的,而在滞止区的换热效果则要优于大孔径的;当D>12 mm时,孔径大小对壁面换热基本没有影响;在冲击孔径相同时,增大冲击雷诺数使得冲击射流、前缘壁面附近及侧壁曲面通道内的气流流速增大,冲击区内的涡流团则逐渐减小;冲击雷诺数的增大也增强了前缘冲击区的换热特性。     

考虑发动机性能退化的涡轮叶尖间隙预估方法研究

针对有主动间隙控制的某型高压涡轮,建立了考虑发动机退化的叶尖间隙预估模型,重点研究了发动机在长期使用、性能退化过程中涡轮前燃气温度和蠕变变形对叶尖间隙的影响。研究中,首先分析了间隙预测中发动机性能退化影响的引入方式,建立了对应的间隙预估流程。随后以某型发动机典型工作历程为对象,对比研究了传统间隙控制方案、考虑发动机性能退化影响两种条件下的涡轮叶尖间隙尺度变化规律,并据此开展了间隙控制策略的优化调整。研究中发现,由于发动机性能的退化,导致涡轮前燃气温度升高,使得机匣、轮盘和叶片的热变形量增大,其中在最大巡航阶段对机匣的影响最大,其伸长量达到了6.914mm,与未退化前相比增大了17%,同时由于发动机的长期使用,叶片和轮盘受蠕变变形影响,导致叶尖间隙的变化。研究结果表明,采用优化后的主动间隙控制方案,各个工况下的叶尖间隙值均控制在合理范围内,尤其在高温起飞阶段,与退化状态下的间隙值相比提高了53%,有效避免了叶片严重碰摩等故障发生。     

民用飞机生产体系需求定义过程研究

建立高效灵活的民用飞机生产体系是民机项目研制成功的重中之重,也是民机制造商面对变化多端的民机市场必须解决的关键所在。民机产品的复杂性与多样性,决定了民机生产体系的复杂性与多样性。借助系统工程方法探索以需求为牵引对生产体系开展正向设计的方法,在充分研究民机产品与生产体系关系的前提下,借鉴目前广泛用于飞机产品需求定义的思路,本文对生产体系需求定义过程进行了研究,提出了利益攸关方模型和基础功能模型,将风险分析引入生产需求定义过程以提升目标系统的安全性,描述了从利益攸关方需要到需求和从风险应对需要到需求这两类需求捕获方法,提供了生产体系需求的分类方式并阐述了分类的目的,给出的典型生产体系需求来源可作为相关实践的模板。     

7YSZ coating prepared by PS-PVD based on heterogeneous nucleation

Plasma spray-physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) as a novel coating process based on low-pressure plasma spray (LPPS) has been significantly used for thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). A coating can be deposited from liquid splats, nano-sized clusters, and the vapor phase forming different structured coatings, which shows obvious advantages in contrast to conventional technologies like atmospheric plasma spray (APS) and electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). In addition, it can be used to produce thin, dense, and porous ceramic coatings for special applications because of its special characteristics, such as high power, very low pressure, etc. These provide new opportunities to obtain different advanced microstructures, thus to meet the growing requirements of modern functional coatings. In this work, focusing on exploiting the potential of gas-phase deposition from PS-PVD, a series of 7YSZ coating experiments with various process conditions was performed in order to better understand the deposition process in PS-PVD, where coatings were deposited on different substrates including graphite and zirconia. Meanwhile, various substrate temperatures were investigated for the same substrate. As a result, a deposition mechanism of heterogeneous nucleation has been presented showing that surface energy is an important influencing factor for coating structures. Besides, undercooling of the interface between substrate and vapor phase plays an important role in coating structures.     

High-temperature oxidation behavior and analysis of impedance spectroscopy of 7YSZ thermal barrier coating prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition

Quasi-columnar structure 7YSZ(yttria stabilized zirconia) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) are prepared by plasma spray-physical vapor deposition(PS-PVD) onto pretreated and un-pretreated bond coating, respectively. An isothermal oxidation experiment of 7YSZ TBCs is carried out in the atmosphere of 950 °C in order to simulate the high-temperature oxidation process of engine blades. The isothermal oxidation process of 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings is investigated systematically by impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical physical model and equivalent circuit of columnar 7YSZ coatings are established. Results show that the isothermal oxidation kinetic curve of columnar 7YSZ thermal barrier coatings appears to follow the parabolic law. A pretreatment of bond coating can reduce the growth rate of the thermally grown oxide(TGO) layer, restraining the initiation and propagation of microcracks between YSZ and TGO layers. The oxidation rate constants of 7YSZ coatings with pretreated and un-pretreated bond coating are 0.101×10~(-12) cm~2·s~(-1) and 0.115 × 10~(-13) cm~2 ·s~(-1), respectively. Impedance analysis shows that the content of oxygen vacancies decreases and the density increases after the TGO layer is oxidized for 150 h. In addition, shrinkage microcracks formed by sintering during the oxidation process is the main reason for an increase of the capacitance and a decrease of the resistance in the grain boundary of YSZ.     

尾缘吹气稳定器初始雾化场实验及对燃烧计算的改进

利用激光测雾仪(PDA)对尾缘吹气式火焰稳定器尾缘出口的初始雾化场进行了实验研究, 在静止空气中测量了尾缘出口下游不同截面上的各点处的液滴直径、速度等参数, 分析了雾化场结构, 初步探讨了初始雾化场的特征.同时, 根据初始雾化场的实验结果给出燃烧数值模拟的初始雾化条件, 并把计算结果与燃烧实验数据和经验数值计算结果进行对比, 分析了实验初始雾化场数据对燃烧数值计算的改进效果.结果表明, 初始雾化场实验数据对燃烧室出口温度分布及燃烧效率的计算, 都有一定程度的改进, 其中对燃烧效率计算的改进效果更为明显.      

凹腔驻涡模型燃烧室内涡的演化发展

使用大涡模拟对凹腔内双驻涡冷态流场进行了分析研究.结果发现, 在主流、前后壁面射流的情况下, 凹腔在某些特定几何条件下会产生准周期生成和破碎的驻涡, 同时研究了凹腔内准周期驻涡的生成发展的过程, 得到了影响凹腔内涡演化的新结果.