Precipitation of subrelativistic-energy electrons near the polar boundary of the Earth radiation belt according to the data of measurements on the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vernov</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lomonosov</Emphasis> satellites

The work is devoted to observations of sharp growths of magnetospheric electron fluxes in the vicinity of the polar boundary of the outer radiation belt of the Earth according to the data of measurements on the Vernov and Lomonosov satellites. This precipitation was observed at the high-latitude boundary of the outer radiation belt toward the equator from the isotropization boundary, and can be caused by scattering waves of various physical natures, including electromagnetic and electrostatic waves.     

Numerical scheme of the second order of accuracy for vortex methods for incompressible flow simulation around airfoils

A high-accuracy numerical scheme is proposed for vortex methods of flow simulation around airfoils of arbitrary shape including airfoils with sharp edges, because it does not require the solution continuity on the airfoil.     

Influence of the helicopter flight design speed on the selection of working process parameters for GTE

This paper considers issues of designing a gas-turbine engine in the helicopter system at the early design stages. The optimum and rational values of engine working process parameters at different flight speeds of the flight vehicle (FV) are analyzed. Several characteristics of mathematical models (MM) that form the helicopter–engine system, are described.     

Large-scale flows of viscous incompressible vortical fluid

An exact solution of the Navier - Stokes equations is given that describes the vorticity of a viscous incompressible liquid or gas, dissipative mediums, stationary shear counter-current of continuous vortical medium in the absence of the Coriolis field.     

Enrichment of the Hot Intracluster Medium: Numerical Simulations

The distribution of chemical elements in the hot intracluster medium (ICM) retains valuable information about the enrichment and star formation histories of galaxy clusters, and on the feedback and dynamical processes driving the evolution of the cosmic baryons. In the present study we review the progresses made so far in the modelling of the ICM chemical enrichment in a cosmological context, focusing in particular on cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We will review the key aspects of embedding chemical evolution models into hydrodynamical simulations, with special attention to the crucial assumptions on the initial stellar mass function, stellar lifetimes and metal yields, and to the numerical limitations of the modelling. At a second stage, we will overview the main simulation results obtained in the last decades and compare them to X-ray observations of the ICM enrichment patterns. In particular, we will discuss how state-of-the-art simulations are able to reproduce the observed radial distribution of metals in the ICM, from the core to the outskirts, the chemical diversity depending on cluster thermo-dynamical properties, the evolution of ICM metallicity and its dependency on the system mass from group to cluster scales. Finally, we will discuss the limitations still present in modern cosmological, chemical, hydrodynamical simulations and the perspectives for improving the theoretical modelling of the ICM enrichment in galaxy clusters in the future.     

Multi-criteria analysis of high-altitude UAV concepts

In this paper, we consider an example of estimating and comparing the efficiency of different concepts for a high-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) under diversity of efficiency criteria.     

Dynamics of a discretely reinforced cylindrical shell under live load

This study proposes an approximate solution to a contact problem of dynamic deformation of a cyclically symmetrical discretely ring-stiffened cylindrical shell, the side surface of which is subjected to an evenly distributed inertia live load. The solution of the problem assumes the quasistatic mode of deformation of the structure. Several critical velocities of the live load have been found. A number of examples are presented.     

Multi-criteria analysis of aircraft structures fracture

A novel modular multistep algorithm is proposed for multi-criteria analysis of fracture of aircraft structures with complex geometries. In order to evaluate the algorithm, the crack growth analysis is realized by the following three criteria, namely, the stress intensity factor, the strain energy release rate, and the J-integral. The algorithm implementation by the finite element method is considered and prospects of alternative implementation based on the meshfree methods are assigned.     

A concept of increasing efficiency for ramjet operation

The vortical mixing concept in the ramjet channel is analyzed. The results of simulating the gasodynamic scheme permit the concept of increasing efficiency for ramjet operation to be substantiated.