Mg/Al合金粉末热压烧结中相变扩散过程研究

利用OLYMPUS GX71金相显微镜及EDS对Al-15％Mg热压烧结样品进行金相显微组织观察与成分分析,探讨烧结过程中组织演变过程。实验结果表明：热压烧结过程中两种粉体发生互扩散,首先在Mg颗粒边缘形成γ（Al12Mg17）相,而后随扩散的进行γ相转变为β（Al3Mg2）相,Mg颗粒由外向内不断的形成γ相,而后不断的转变为β相,直到全部生成β相。随温度的降低,β相会以极其细小的颗粒形式析出;利用真空热压烧结方法在420℃,150Mpa下保压3—4h进行固相烧结获得密度低于2．5g／cm^3致密度达98％以上的Al—15％Mg合金。     

MSK和OKQPSK体制的实验评价

实验室的试验测量指出,当通道具有同比特率带宽近于相等的带宽和典型的有关相位延迟特性时,MSK 与 OKQPSK 调制方式有近乎相等误差率性能.为了在比较不同调制方式的性能时消除硬件质量不同引起的差异,设计与制造了高质量 MSK 与 OKQPSK 发射机和通用模型接收机。因此,调制方式的选择应主要考虑复杂性、对设备组合的敏感度和差分编码合适性,而不是误差率。     

空间辐射对增韧环氧石墨复合材料尺寸稳定性的影响

本文讨论了模拟空间辐射环境对用弹性体增韧环氧石墨复合材料尺寸稳定性的影响。描述了该材料受辐照后(剂量相当于在地球同步轨道上6个月到30年受到的辐照剂量)的响应特性。其结果显示,辐照与环氧基体的相互作用使得复合材料在相当低的总剂量(10~7rads)下即发生脆化。在热交变期间,材料脆化导致热膨胀性能的变化并产生大量的层合板微裂纹。这些性能的变化,限制了这些材料在某些空间飞行器上的使用寿命。     

LND两年月表辐射剂量测量结果

月球表面的辐射剂量是影响航天员安全和月表驻留时间的重要参数,通过对月表的粒子辐射测量可以为航天员的辐射安全防护提供重要依据.利用嫦娥四号着陆器上搭载的月表中子与辐射剂量探测仪二年的观测数据得到:月表粒子辐射在硅中的平均总吸收剂量率为12.66±0.45μGy·h-1,中性粒子吸收剂量率为2.67±0.16μGy·h-1.辐射剂量率随时间出现缓慢的下降,LET谱的变化则很小.同时观测到了2020年12月太阳活动末期由于银河宇宙线福布斯下降导致的辐射剂量率降低.      

孔、轮廓和表面(十二) 第八章 座标磨削的原理和应用(一)

座标镗床,用于未淬火材料的孔加工是胜任、有效的,但对淬火材料的加工,却无能为力,这是一个急待解决的关键问题。鉴于需要一种能按尺寸进行精密定位和磨孔的手段,摩尔于1940年首先发明了座标磨床。座标磨床是利用座标镗床已有的直线位置控制原理,再加上行星磨削而形成的。由此引     

孔、轮廓和表面(四) 第三章 精度的基础(二)

丝杠或测微螺旋标准——人们希求有一种长度标准,既能用于无级微小增量分度,又能用于测量和位置控制。采用精密螺旋,是这种探索的自然结果。因为只有精密螺旋能够全部满足这种要求。它兼有静态和动态两种测量效     

Production of oxidants by ion irradiation of water/carbon dioxide frozen mixtures

We present new experimental results on the formation of oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and carbonic acid, under ion irradiation of icy mixtures of water/carbon dioxide at different ratios and temperatures (16 and 80 K). Pure water ice layers and mixtures with carbon dioxide were irradiated by 200 keV He+ ions. We found that the CO(2)/H(2)O ratio progressively decreased to a value of about 0.1, the H(2)O(2) production increased with increasing CO(2) abundance at both 16 and 80 K, and the CO and H(2)CO(3) production increased with increasing CO(2) abundance at 16 K. At 80 K, the synthesis of CO was less efficient because of the high volatility of the molecule that partially sublimed from the target. The production of carbonic acid was connected with the production of CO(3). O(3) was detected only after ion irradiation of CO(2)-rich mixtures. The experimental results are discussed with regard to the relevance they may have in the production of an energy source for a europan or a martian biosphere.     

Coronal mass ejection (CME) activity of low mass M stars as an important factor for the habitability of terrestrial exoplanets. II. CME-induced ion pick up of Earth-like exoplanets in close-in habitable zones

Atmospheric erosion of CO2-rich Earth-size exoplanets due to coronal mass ejection (CME)-induced ion pick up within close-in habitable zones of active M-type dwarf stars is investigated. Since M stars are active at the X-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiation (XUV) wave-lengths over long periods of time, we have applied a thermal balance model at various XUV flux input values for simulating the thermospheric heating by photodissociation and ionization processes due to exothermic chemical reactions and cooling by the CO2 infrared radiation in the 15 microm band. Our study shows that intense XUV radiation of active M stars results in atmospheric expansion and extended exospheres. Using thermospheric neutral and ion densities calculated for various XUV fluxes, we applied a numerical test particle model for simulation of atmospheric ion pick up loss from an extended exosphere arising from its interaction with expected minimum and maximum CME plasma flows. Our results indicate that the Earth-like exoplanets that have no, or weak, magnetic moments may lose tens to hundreds of bars of atmospheric pressure, or even their whole atmospheres due to the CME-induced O ion pick up at orbital distances 相似文献   

A concept for NASA's Mars 2016 astrobiology field laboratory

The Mars Program Plan includes an integrated and coordinated set of future candidate missions and investigations that meet fundamental science objectives of NASA and the Mars Exploration Program (MEP). At the time this paper was written, these possible future missions are planned in a manner consistent with a projected budget profile for the Mars Program in the next decade (2007-2016). As with all future missions, the funding profile depends on a number of factors that include the exact cost of each mission as well as potential changes to the overall NASA budget. In the current version of the Mars Program Plan, the Astrobiology Field Laboratory (AFL) exists as a candidate project to determine whether there were (or are) habitable zones and life, and how the development of these zones may be related to the overall evolution of the planet. The AFL concept is a surface exploration mission equipped with a major in situ laboratory capable of making significant advancements toward the Mars Program's life-related scientific goals and the overarching Vision for Space Exploration. We have developed several concepts for the AFL that fit within known budget and engineering constraints projected for the 2016 and 2018 Mars mission launch opportunities. The AFL mission architecture proposed here assumes maximum heritage from the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory (MSL). Candidate payload elements for this concept were identified from a set of recommendations put forth by the Astrobiology Field Laboratory Science Steering Group (AFL SSG) in 2004, for the express purpose of identifying overall rover mass and power requirements for such a mission. The conceptual payload includes a Precision Sample Handling and Processing System that would replace and augment the functionality and capabilities provided by the Sample Acquisition Sample Processing and Handling system that is currently part of the 2009 MSL platform.