非常性格与UFO诱拐

1988年,罗伯特·巴索罗缨和我首次提出用易幻想性性格理论来解释有关外星人诱拐事件的报道.该理论是一种可反证的和可验证的理论.从那以后,它引起了很多争论.然而近来某些方面对这个理论甚至对易幻想性性格本身做了一些不准确的表述.因此,对目前的争论情况做一个回顾已经很有必要了.发现在开始时先应该说明易幻想性性格本身是心理学的一项重大发现.顺便指出:我认为“易幻想性”这个术语选得不好,应该用中性的“易想象性”.80年代初,两位美国心理学家谢利尔·C·威尔逊和西奥多尼·X·巴博遇到了一种新的性格类型,他们称其为易幻想性性格(FPP).在他们发现的类型中,筛选了一组被认为是极好的催眠对象的妇女,其中:     

发动机的维修发生了什么变化?

发动机大修服务是买方市场,客户在坚持得到更多的服务选择的同时,还要求降低维修成本。竞争正变得非常激烈。     

飞碟学研究在德国

1993年6月,德国飞碟学协会在莱因河畔法兰克福市举行成立大会并首次进行正式登记.德国飞碟学协会是一个从事与不明飞行物,即UFO有关的所有异常现象研究的机构.该协会下设     

低于大气压下复合固体推进剂的点火

从实验研究了低压下用CO_2激光对复合固体推进剂的点火。在低于大气压下,发现了三种点火方式:自持点火、非自持点火和脉冲点火。这里研究了聚丁二烯/过氯酸铵推进剂样品的自持和非自持点火。用光电管探测初始火焰,用K型热电偶测量表面和固相的温度。表面退缩的情况由照相记录下来。发现非自持点火在较低压力区及较高激光入射热流时发生。在点火实验中,损失到固相的热量在非自持点火中要比自持点火的情况下大得多。可以推断出,这些点火方式的确定并不依赖于火焰出现后的光照时间。     

第五章 不平衡式容积液压振动器

不平衡式容积液压振动器是直接和容积式液压马达,或经过传动装置与液压马达相联系的不平衡系统。和所有不平衡式液压振动器一样,这些振动器由于构造简单、体积小、重量轻的优点,作为振动机的驱动装置获得了广泛应用。借助于这种振动器可得到振动机工作构件的圆周振动和定向振动。目前,液压振动器结构的嵌入式方案得到了最广泛的应     

Production of neutrons from interactions of GCR-like particles

In order to help assess the risk to astronauts due to the long-term exposure to the natural radiation environment in space, an understanding of how the primary radiation field is changed when passing through shielding and tissue materials must be obtained. One important aspect of the change in the primary radiation field after passing through shielding materials is the production of secondary particles from the breakup of the primary. Neutrons are an important component of the secondary particle field due to their relatively high biological weighting factors, and due to their relative abundance, especially behind thick shielding scenarios. Because of the complexity of the problem, the estimation of the risk from exposure to the secondary neutron field must be handled using calculational techniques. However, those calculations will need an extensive set of neutron cross section and thicktarget neutron yield data in order to make an accurate assessment of the risk. In this paper we briefly survey the existing neutron-production data sets that are applicable to the space radiation transport problem, and we point out how neutron production from protons is different than neutron production from heavy ions. We also make comparisons of one the heavy-ion data sets with Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations.     

Effect of weightlessness on posture and movement control during a whole body reaching task

Here are reported preliminary results of the “Synergy” experiment performed aboard the Russian orbital station “MIR” in July 1993 (Altaïr Mission). The experiment was carried out before, during, and after the space flight of two astronauts (S1 and S2). The duration of the flight was 21 days for S1 and 6 month for S2. The subjects were tested during preflight, inflight and postflight. The astronaut subjects were fixed on the ground by the feet. They were asked to pick up a box in front of them on the ground. Two velocities of movement and two distances of the target to be reached were tested. The movement of several small markers placed on the body was recorded on video tape.

Results show that the shape of head and hand trajectories in the sagittal plane remains roughly the same during the flight in spite of the modification of mechanical constraints. Trajectory invariance does not result in joint angular displacement invariance. These data indicate that the planning of the movement takes place in terms of head and hand trajectories rather than joint rotations as it was previously suggested for simple arm reaching movement.     

新型计算机系统对计算结构力学的影响

在过去的20年中,计算机已有了爆炸性的增长,在下一个10年中,由于新型计算机结构和智能计算机的出现预期要增长得更快.下述的计算机硬/软件技术的进展会对结构力学产生很大的影响.     

Mineral and nitrogen balance study: results of metabolic observations on Skylab II 28-day orbital mission

Prediction that the various stresses of flight, particularly weightlessness, would bring about significant derangements in the metabolism of the musculoskeletal system has been based on various observations of long-term immobilized or inactive bed rest. The only attempt at controlled measurement of metabolic changes in space prior to Skylab, a study during the 14-day Gemini VII flight, revealed rather modest losses of important elements. The three astronauts of Skylab II consumed a planned day-by-day, quite constant, dietary intake of major metabolic elements in mixed foods and beverages and provided virtually complete collections of excreta for 31 days preflight, during the 28 days inflight, and for 17 days postflight. Analyses showed that, in varying degree among the crewmen, urinary calcium increased gradually during flight in a pattern similar to that observed in bed-rest studies: the mean plateau peak of urinary calcium excretion in the latter part of flight was double preflight levels. Fecal calcium excretion did not change significantly, but calcium balance, owing to the urinary calcium rise, became either negative or less positive than in preflight measurement. Increased excretion and negative balance of nitrogen and phosphorus indicated appreciable loss of muscle tissue in all three crewmen. Significant losses also occurred inflight in potassium, sodium, and magnesium. Based on the similarity in pattern and degree between these observations and those in bed rest of the losses in calcium, phosphorus, and nitrogen, musculoskeletal integrity would not be threatened in space flights of up to at least 3 months. However, if similar changes occur, indicative of continuing losses of these elements, in the planned Skylab flights for considerably more than 28 days, concern for capable musculoskeletal function should be serious for flights of very many months' duration, and greater research attention will need to be given to development of protective counter-measures.