航天飞机再入航迹初步设计的一种计算方法

本文给出一种由航天飞机质心位置和飞行速度随高度的变化值计算再入航迹其它运动参数的方法。用美国“哥伦比亚”号航天飞机轨道器的飞行数据验算表明,该方法不失为一种可供再入航迹初步设计中选用的简便算法。     

热化学非平衡喷管流场的数值研究

从非定常的基本方程出发,采用时间相关法,利用时间预处理的ＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｃｋ格式对空气为实验气体的７组元热化学非平衡一维喷管流场进行了数值计算,并分析了热化学非平衡对流场的影响。结果表明,对于一些实际应用的喷管条件,热化学非平衡具有较为显著的影响。     

Fundamental (f) oscillations in a magnetically coupled solar interior-atmosphere system – An analytical approach

Solar fundamental (f) acoustic mode oscillations are investigated analytically in a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. The model consists of three layers in planar geometry, representing the solar interior, the magnetic atmosphere, and a transitional layer sandwiched between them. Since we focus on the fundamental mode here, we assume the plasma is incompressible. A horizontal, canopy-like, magnetic field is introduced to the atmosphere, in which degenerated slow MHD waves can exist. The global (f-mode) oscillations can couple to local atmospheric Alfvén waves, resulting, e.g., in a frequency shift of the oscillations. The dispersion relation of the global oscillation mode is derived, and is solved analytically for the thin-transitional layer approximation and for the weak-field approximation. Analytical formulae are also provided for the frequency shifts due to the presence of a thin transitional layer and a weak atmospheric magnetic field. The analytical results generally indicate that, compared to the fundamental value ($\omega =\sqrt{\mathit{gk}}$), the mode frequency is reduced by the presence of an atmosphere by a few per cent. A thin transitional layer reduces the eigen-frequencies further by about an additional hundred microhertz. Finally, a weak atmospheric magnetic field can slightly, by a few percent, increase the frequency of the eigen-mode. Stronger magnetic fields, however, can increase the f-mode frequency by even up to ten per cent, which cannot be seen in observed data. The presence of a magnetic atmosphere in the three-layer model also introduces non-permitted propagation windows in the frequency spectrum; here, f-mode oscillations cannot exist with certain values of the harmonic degree. The eigen-frequencies can be sensitive to the background physical parameters, such as an atmospheric density scale-height or the rate of the plasma density drop at the photosphere. Such information, if ever observed with high-resolution instrumentation and inverted, could help to gain further insight into solar magnetic structures by means of solar magneto-seismology, and could provide further insight into the role of magnetism in solar oscillations.     

Midlatitude ionospheric F2-layer response to eruptive solar events-caused geomagnetic disturbances over Hungary during the maximum of the solar cycle 24: A case study

In our study we analyze and compare the response and behavior of the ionospheric F2 and of the sporadic E-layer during three strong (i.e., Dst?<??100nT) individual geomagnetic storms from years 2012, 2013 and 2015, winter time period. The data was provided by the state-of the art digital ionosonde of the Széchenyi István Geophysical Observatory located at midlatitude, Nagycenk, Hungary (IAGA code: NCK, geomagnetic latitude: 46.17° geomagnetic longitude: 98.85°). The local time of the sudden commencement (SC) was used to characterize the type of the ionospheric storm (after Mendillo and Narvaez, 2010). This way two regular positive phase (RPP) ionospheric storms and one no-positive phase (NPP) storm have been analyzed. In all three cases a significant increase in electron density of the foF2 layer can be observed at dawn/early morning (around 6:00 UT, 07:00 LT). Also we can observe the fade-out of the ionospheric layers at night during the geomagnetically disturbed time periods. Our results suggest that the fade-out effect is not connected to the occurrence of the sporadic E-layers.     

Order out of Randomness: Self-Organization Processes in Astrophysics

Self-organization is a property of dissipative nonlinear processes that are governed by a global driving force and a local positive feedback mechanism, which creates regular geometric and/or temporal patterns, and decreases the entropy locally, in contrast to random processes. Here we investigate for the first time a comprehensive number of (17) self-organization processes that operate in planetary physics, solar physics, stellar physics, galactic physics, and cosmology. Self-organizing systems create spontaneous “order out of randomness”, during the evolution from an initially disordered system to an ordered quasi-stationary system, mostly by quasi-periodic limit-cycle dynamics, but also by harmonic (mechanical or gyromagnetic) resonances. The global driving force can be due to gravity, electromagnetic forces, mechanical forces (e.g., rotation or differential rotation), thermal pressure, or acceleration of nonthermal particles, while the positive feedback mechanism is often an instability, such as the magneto-rotational (Balbus-Hawley) instability, the convective (Rayleigh-Bénard) instability, turbulence, vortex attraction, magnetic reconnection, plasma condensation, or a loss-cone instability. Physical models of astrophysical self-organization processes require hydrodynamic, magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD), plasma, or N-body simulations. Analytical formulations of self-organizing systems generally involve coupled differential equations with limit-cycle solutions of the Lotka-Volterra or Hopf-bifurcation type.     

高精度激波捕捉格式的性能分析

在数值模拟激波-湍流干扰问题时,为了精确模拟湍流脉动的小尺度结构,数值格式应尽量减小自身的数值耗散.但是为了稳定、无震荡地捕捉激波,数值格式又必须具有一定程度的数值耗散.基于上述这2种相互矛盾的要求,采用无黏泰勒格林涡、可压缩湍流等经典算例对目前广受好评的几种高精度格式进行了系统地对比.一系列的计算分析表明,当前工程中广泛应用的高精度格式虽然都能一定程度地满足上述2种要求,但与理想目标仍有较大的差距.     

屋盖MRD隔震升船机结构模型振动台试验

升船机结构塔柱平台处的刚度突变会引起升船机顶部厂房强烈的地震鞭梢效应,在升船机结构模型上设置屋盖磁流变阻尼器MRD(Magnetorhelogical Damper)隔震系统并进行振动台试验,以验证该系统对控制升船机结构顶部厂房地震鞭梢效应的有效性.设计制作了升船机结构模型和磁流变阻尼器隔震系统,分别进行了原结构模型和屋盖MRD隔震结构模型的振动台试验,并对模型结构的动力特性和振动反应进行了对比分析.试验结果表明:MRD隔震系统改变了模型结构的动力特性,有效地减小了升船机结构模型顶部排架层的层间侧移反应.最后进行了数值分析,并与试验结果进行了比较,验证了屋盖MRD隔震-升船机结构系统力学模型与数值分析方法的正确性.     

船载测控设备远程测试标校系统设计与实现

远洋航天测控事业的不断发展,对测控设备的远程测试标校和故障诊断提出更高的要求。目前。船载测控设备配备了大量的智能测试仪器,为建立船载测控设备自动化测试标校系统提供了有利条件。此外基于PXI总线的虚拟仪器技术的广泛应用,也为未来航天测控设备的自动化测试提供了新途径。本文主要探讨了船载测控设备远程测试标校系统的主要设计思想和实现方式。     

The PROCESS experiment: an astrochemistry laboratory for solid and gaseous organic samples in low-earth orbit

The PROCESS (PRebiotic Organic ChEmistry on the Space Station) experiment was part of the EXPOSE-E payload outside the European Columbus module of the International Space Station from February 2008 to August 2009. During this interval, organic samples were exposed to space conditions to simulate their evolution in various astrophysical environments. The samples used represent organic species related to the evolution of organic matter on the small bodies of the Solar System (carbonaceous asteroids and comets), the photolysis of methane in the atmosphere of Titan, and the search for organic matter at the surface of Mars. This paper describes the hardware developed for this experiment as well as the results for the glycine solid-phase samples and the gas-phase samples that were used with regard to the atmosphere of Titan. Lessons learned from this experiment are also presented for future low-Earth orbit astrochemistry investigations.     

基于证据理论的雷达与通信侦察目标识别算法

针对异类被动传感器中的目标识别问题,将D-S证据理论运用于雷达侦察与通信侦察的目标识别中。首先将雷达和通信侦察设备侦收到的信息分别通过识别,得到雷达和通信电台的基本概率赋值,再通过D-S证据理论算法进行融合,计算出目标平台的基本概率赋值,从而得到融合后的平台类型。仿真实验结果表明,融合后的结果具有更高的置信度。