Investigations of the Mars Upper Atmosphere with ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter

Space Science Reviews - Time measured by an ideal clock crucially depends on the gravitational potential and velocity of the clock according to general relativity. Technological advances in...     

Al-Li合金搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头的疲劳性能

通过疲劳寿命试验、疲劳断口和金相组织分析,研究了Al-Li合金搅拌摩擦焊搭接接头的疲劳性能,分析了接头前进侧热机影响区(TMAZ, Thermal-Mechanically Affected Zone)出现的"钩状缺陷"对其疲劳性能的影响.结果表明,钩状缺陷容易引起裂纹萌生及扩展,减小接头的有效承载板厚,适当缩短搅拌针长度可以改善钩状缺陷,提高接头力学性能.母材与搭接接头的疲劳S-N曲线研究表明:在高疲劳应力下,接头的疲劳寿命接近母材,但随着疲劳应力水平降低,接头的疲劳寿命急剧下降,200万循环周次下的疲劳强度仅达到80 MPa,为母材的35%.     

星载单频GPS数据的电离层延迟改正方法分析

利用C/A码单点定位对LEO(Low Earth Orbit)卫星上的电离层延迟改正方法——"电离层比例因子法"进行了分析研究.计算的CHAMP卫星的轨道结果表明:采用电子密度峰值高度(hmF2,F2 region maximum electron density height)平均值和瞬时值计算的电离层比例因子α变化范围分别为0.3~0.4和0.2~0.65之间,两者最大差异可达0.3,相比较而言,hmF2瞬时值的结果更加合理,并且相应的大地高H方向的系统偏差要降低0.05~0.3m左右;与双频无电离层组合的普通单点定位结果相比表明该方法能较好地消除电离层一阶项所引入的H方向上的系统偏差;该方法适用的LEO卫星轨道高度范围大致在200~ 600km之间,当轨道高度超过700km时,该方法并不适用.     

基于模糊逻辑的预测再入制导方法

在研究再入飞行器预测制导基础上,针对实时性要求,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑系统的模糊预测制导方法.首先研究分析了再入飞行器落点纵程与飞行高度、弹道倾角三者之间的联系;设计了以再入飞行器落点偏差和飞行高度为输入,弹道倾角角速度为输出的模糊逻辑系统;并在此基础上根据专家经验制定模糊规则,设计模糊预测制导算法.该方法避免了一般预测制导在形成弹道倾角修正指令时所需要的大量迭代运算,有效减小了预测制导指令的解算时间,为再入飞行器在再入过程中全程使用预测制导提供了可能.仿真结果表明:该方法实时性好,落点精度高,抗干扰能力强,且具有一定的工程实用价值.      

矩形悬臂板的非线性弯曲

矩形悬臂板的非线性弯曲是板理论中的一个相当困难的课题,至今还没有研究过。给出由三角函数和多项式组成的近似挠度函数ｗ（ｘ,ｙ）和应力函数Ｆ（ｘ,ｙ）,它们满足矩形悬臂板的部分边界条件。然后用广义伽辽金方法得到矩形悬臂板非线性弯曲问题的解。最后给出了算例。     

Volatile Trapping in Martian Clathrates

Thermodynamic conditions suggest that clathrates might exist on Mars. Despite observations which show that the dominant condensed phases on the surface of Mars are solid carbon dioxide and water ice, clathrates have been repeatedly proposed to play an important role in the distribution and total inventory of the planet’s volatiles. Here we review the potential consequences of the presence of clathrates on Mars. We investigate how clathrates could be a potential source for the claimed existence of atmospheric methane. In this context, plausible clathrate formation processes, either in the close subsurface or at the base of the cryosphere, are reviewed. Mechanisms that would allow for methane release into the atmosphere from an existing clathrate layer are addressed as well. We also discuss the proposed relationship between clathrate formation/dissociation cycles and how potential seasonal variations influence the atmospheric abundances of argon, krypton and xenon. Moreover, we examine several Martian geomorphologic features that could have been generated by the dissociation of extended subsurface clathrate layers. Finally we investigate the future in situ measurements, as well as the theoretical and experimental improvements that will be needed to better understand the influence of clathrates on the evolution of Mars and its atmosphere.     

基于UG软件的航空发动机液压系统执行机构设计

介绍了用UG软件进行航空发动机液压系统执行机构壳体油路设计、油路检查、装配应用和设计说明等的方法。     

认知风格理论对外语教与学的启示

认知风格是学习者习惯性的认知特点,它相对固定。不同学习者往往具有不同的认知特点。在二语习得理论中,认知风格被视为学习者个体内在因素之一。研究认知风格对于教与学都具有重要的意义。