一种基于迁移学习的遥测数据异常检测方法

为解决卫星遥测数据异常检测面临的数据不平衡且缺乏有标签样本的问题，提出一种基于一维卷积神经网络(1dCNN)迁移学习的异常检测方法。首先利用源域卫星的遥测数据对1dCNN进行预训练，使得模型的卷积层具有卫星状态特征的提取能力；然后将训练好的模型迁移到缺乏标签数据的目标域卫星中；利用目标域有标签样本对预训练模型进行微调，从而实现了对目标域测试集样本的异常检测。为了使1dCNN能够适应遥测数据样本的不平衡性，引入了代价敏感训练策略，建立动态损失函数，从而提升代价敏感一维卷积神经网络(cs 1dCNN)对于异常样本的识别能力。以某两个卫星的电源分系统遥测数据进行了验证，实验结果表明该异常检测迁移方法具有较好的有效性和鲁棒性。     

ALTEA: anomalous long term effects in astronauts. A probe on the influence of cosmic radiation and microgravity on the central nervous system during long flights.

The ALTEA project participates to the quest for increasing the safety of manned space flights. It addresses the problems related to possible functional damage to neural cells and circuits due to particle radiation in space environment. Specifically it aims at studying the functionality of the astronauts' Central Nervous Systems (CNS) during long space flights and relating it to the peculiar environments in space, with a particular focus on the particle flux impinging in the head. The project is a large international and multidisciplinary collaboration. Competences in particle physics, neurophysiology, psychophysiology, electronics, space environment, data analyses will work together to construct the fully integrated vision electrophysiology and particle analyser system which is the core device of the project: an helmet-shaped multi-sensor device that will measure concurrently the dynamics of the functional status of the visual system and passage of each particle through the brain within a pre-determined energy window. ALTEA is scheduled to fly in the International Space Station in late 2002. One part of the multi-sensor device, one of the advanced silicon telescopes, will be launched in the ISS in early 2002 and serve as test for the final device and as discriminating dosimeter for the particle fluences within the ISS.     

考虑非线性扭转影响的薄壁梁翘曲特性分析

 考虑翘曲和大扭角变形的影响,研究薄壁梁结构轴向与扭转非线性耦合弹性变形问题。忽略高阶非线性的影响,结合升阶谱有限元方法,形成对称的非线性几何矩阵,从而建立一个稳定的非线性方程数值解模型。针对矩形截面薄壁梁结构,通过与线性结果对比,分析非线性对截面翘曲正应力、自由端转角的影响。     

基于服务发现的网络性能测量系统体系结构研究

 在分析现有网络性能测量技术的基础上, 提出了一种新型的面向服务的网络性能测量系统的体系结构, 旨在将网络性能测量作为网络基础设施的一个组成部分, 为用户提供基于服务发现的透明访问。介绍了该系统的体系结构以及主要组件的系统设计。     

喷嘴雾化特性模糊评判模型

利用模糊综合评判法构造喷嘴雾化模糊关系矩阵，建立了描述喷嘴雾化特性的模糊数学模型，利用该模型分别对不同工况下的空气雾化喷嘴，离心式喷嘴雾化特征进行了理论计算，通过聚类，对5种实验工况进行了分类，计算的分类情况与实验结果基本一致，对空气雾化喷嘴，离心式喷嘴不同实验工况的雾化效果进行了正确的评判。     

Rosina – Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis

The Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA) will answer important questions posed by the mission’s main objectives. After Giotto, this will be the first time the volatile part of a comet will be analyzed in situ. This is a very important investigation, as comets, in contrast to meteorites, have maintained most of the volatiles of the solar nebula. To accomplish the very demanding objectives through all the different phases of the comet’s activity, ROSINA has unprecedented capabilities including very wide mass range (1 to >300 amu), very high mass resolution (m/Δ m > 3000, i.e. the ability to resolve CO from N₂ and ¹³C from ¹²CH), very wide dynamic range and high sensitivity, as well as the ability to determine cometary gas velocities, and temperature. ROSINA consists of two mass spectrometers for neutrals and primary ions with complementary capabilities and a pressure sensor. To ensure that absolute gas densities can be determined, each mass spectrometer carries a reservoir of a calibrated gas mixture allowing in-flight calibration. Furthermore, identical flight-spares of all three sensors will serve for detailed analysis of all relevant parameters, in particular the sensitivities for complex organic molecules and their fragmentation patterns in our electron bombardment ion sources.     

Role of ionospheric effects and plasma sheet dynamics in the formation of auroral arcs

At the ionospheric level, the substorm onset (expansion phase) is marked by the initial brightening and subsequent breakup of a pre-existing auroral arc. According to the field line resonance (FLR) wave model, the substorm-related auroral arc is caused by the field-aligned current carried by FLRs. The FLRs are standing shear Alfvén wave structures that are excited along the dipole/quasi-dipole lines of the geomagnetic field. The FLRs (that can cause auroral arc) thread from the Earthward edge of the plasma sheet and link the auroral arc to the plasma sheet region of 6–15 R _E. The region is associated with magnetic fluctuations that result from the nonlinear wave-wave interactions of the cross-field current-instability. The instability (excited at the substorm onset) disrupts the cross-tail current which is built up during the growth phase of the substorms and results in magnetic fluctuations. The diversion of the current to polar regions can lead to auroral arc intensification. The current FLR model is based on the amplitude equations that describe the nonlinear space-time evolution of FLRs in the presence of ponderomotive forces exerted by large amplitude FLRs (excited during substorms). The present work will modify the FLR wave model to include the effects arising from magnetic fluctuations that result from current disruption near the plasma sheet (6–15 R _E). The nonlinear evolution of FLRs is coupled with the dynamics of plasma sheet through a momentum exchange term (resulting from magnetic fluctuations due to current disruption) in the generalized Ohm's law. The resulting amplitude equations including the effects arising from magnetic fluctuations can be used to study the structure of the auroral arcs formed during substorms. We have also studied the role of feedback mechanism (in a dipole geometry of the geomagnetic field) in the formation of the discrete auroral arc observed on the nightside magnetosphere. The present nonlinear dispersive model (NDM) is extended to include effects arising from the low energy electrons originating from the plasma sheet boundary layer. These electrons increase the ionospheric conductivity in a localized patch and enhance the field-aligned current through a feedback mechanism. The feedback effects were studied numerically in a dipole geometry using the the NDM. The numerical studies yield the magnitude of the field-aligned current that is large enough to form a discrete auroral arc. Our studies provide theoretical support to the observational work of Newell et al. that the feedback instability plays a major role in the formation of the discrete auroral arcs observed on the nightside magnetosphere.     

空间细胞机器人系统关键技术及其应用

针对传统空间操控装置难以适应未来大型空间设施在轨建设的问题,提出一种能够实现多层次自重构的空间细胞机器人系统,并对其概念体系以及设计理念进行了分析。介绍了空间三角桁架装配场景下的空间细胞机器人系统硬件设计。提出了空间细胞机器人系统关键技术,包括多智能体协同不确定行为规划、多层次机器人系统构型决策、多智能体协同无环境地图自主导航以及多智能体分层协同分布式控制等。最后结合空间细胞机器人系统的特点与优势,对其应用前景进行了展望。     

基于2.5维小型化设计的UHF频段高性能超材料吸波体

提出一种基于2.5维小型化设计的高性能超材料吸波体,其吸波频带覆盖全球范围内超高频射频识别(Ultrahigh-frequency radio frequeny identification,UHF-RFID)系统工作频段。该吸波体结构借助多个金属化过孔增加回路电长度进行小型化并拓展吸波带宽,通过单独调节上下表面衰减电阻阻值缩小此过程中介质板厚度带来的极化差异。单元尺寸被缩小至13.6 mm×13.6 mm,约为中心频率波长的1/60。仿真和实验结果表明,该2.5维小型化高性能超材料吸波体在840～960 MHz的频带范围内平均吸收率超过99%,相比已公开文献,95%吸波带宽提高45%以上,可用于改善受限空间中RFID系统的可靠性。     

The InSight Mars Lander and Its Effect on the Subsurface Thermal Environment

The 2018 InSight (Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat Transport) Mission has the mission goal of providing insitu data for the first measurement of the geothermal heat flow of Mars. The Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package (HP³) will take thermal conductivity and thermal gradient measurements to approximately 5 m depth. By necessity, this measurement will be made within a few meters of the lander. This means that thermal perturbations from the lander will modify local surface and subsurface temperature measurements. For HP³’s sensitive thermal gradient measurements, this spacecraft influence will be important to model and parameterize. Here we present a basic 3D model of thermal effects of the lander on its surroundings. Though lander perturbations significantly alter subsurface temperatures, a successful thermal gradient measurement will be possible in all thermal conditions by proper (\(>3~\mbox{m}\) depth) placement of the heat flow probe.