Design and Stability of Operating Mechanism for a Spacecraft Hatch

This article introduces the working principles of a spacecraft hatch including its operating process and moving trajectory. On this basis, an operating mechanism is designed to execute automatic open and close action of the hatch and measure the operating torques. Analysis on the mechanism's configuration and topological structure of each phase of movement proves that it is a typical variable freedom mechanism. The mechanism manipulates the hatch in accordance with the moving trajectory requirements through configuration transformation. Kinematic analysis and simulation of some typical configurations show that the velocity differences among mechanism components themselves and the components and their abutting components could exert influences on its working stability during configuration transformation. To solve the problem, stability conditions of configuration transformation are proposed. Appropriate control models are established for the output velocity curves of the driving servo motor and solved based on the stability conditions and rules of movement. Results from another simulation demonstrate that the proposed control models ensure smooth configuration transform and stable operation.     

3代脉管制冷机的工作原理和性能的全场数值模拟

建立了脉管制冷机(PTR)的全场数值模型,并在二维可压缩SIMPLEC程序基础上分别开发了针对基本型(BPTR)、小孔型(OPTR)和双向进气型(DPTR)脉管制冷机的可压缩交变流动与换热的全场数值模拟程序。通过对脉管制冷机内的流场、温度场、压缩机内压力等重要参数的数值模拟研究以及对基本型、小孔型和双向进气型脉管制冷机数值模拟结果的对比,逐步地揭示了不同类型脉管制冷机的复杂流动与换热,并从传热学角度揭示了脉管制冷机的普遍制冷机理,为脉管制冷机的进一步数值模拟研究以及优化改造奠定了基础。     

民机概念阶段最佳航程估算方法

在民机概念设计阶段,利用巡航、转场、地面等少数高度下的飞机气动和发动机油耗数据,在满足适航条例规定的转场航程和待机时间条件下,采用迭代和积分方法对转场和待机油耗进行计算,而对于滑跑起飞、爬升、下降、滑跑着陆等阶段的油耗则采用统计数据进行估算,从而得到巡航阶段的油耗,进而计算出飞机航程.由于考虑了对民机备份燃油量的硬性要...     

先进的机场场面导向和控制系统浅析

放眼全球化的当今社会,航空交通密度日益增大,机场运营繁忙,部分枢纽型机场的吞吐量逐渐趋近饱和。这种现状对先进的机场场面导向和控制系统提出了更高的要求。与传统的机场导向和控制系统SMGCS(Surface Movement Guidance and Control System)相比,先进的机场场面导向和控制系统A-SMGCS(Advanced-Surface Movement Guidance and Control System)功能分为四部分:监视、路由、导向及控制。将对A-SMGCS的应用背景和发展状况给出较为全面的调研总结[1],并结合ICAOA-SMGCS Manual[3]论述对A-SMGCS提出详细功能需求,最后在此基础上提出A-SMGCS的系统功能架构。     

橡胶密封材料加速系数研究

根据6种橡胶密封材料的加速老化试验数据和自然贮存数据,分别计算出加速系数,并对加速温度之间的加速系数进行了研究.结果表明:除氟橡胶外,橡胶密封材料的加速系数符合范德霍夫规则,即加速系数在2～4内.在无自然贮存数据的情况下,整机加速试验采用加速温度之间的加速系数作为橡胶密封材料的加速系数更接近于实际情况.     

Pre-correction X-ray pulsar navigation algorithm based on asynchronous overlapping observation method

In order to shorten the data update period and further improve the accuracy, a pre-correction X-ray pulsar navigation algorithm based on asynchronous overlapping observation method is proposed. The asynchronous overlapping observation method partially overlaps the two adjacent observation periods, so that the data update period depends on the minimum pulsar observation period rather than the maximum like the other algorithms. The number of sampling points is also reduced to 2, which will effectively reduce the calculation burden. The proposed pre-correction extended Kalman filter uses observation data of adjacent sampling points to achieve a two-fold correction and makes up for the problem of insufficient observations on some sampling points caused by the observation method. Finally, simulations show that the proposed algorithm reduces the position and velocity errors by 21.55% and 19.13% compared to the EKF based on asynchronous observation method when using three detectors to observe the corresponding pulsars simultaneously. At the same time, the running time of one data update calculation is only 6.6% more than that of the EKF algorithm based on synchronous observation method.     

Review on monolayer CBN superabrasive wheels for grinding metallic materials

A state-of-the-art review on monolayer electroplated and brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) superabrasive wheels for grinding metallic materials has been provided in this article. The fabrication techniques and mechanisms of the monolayer CBN wheels are discussed. Grain distri-bution, wheel dressing, wear behavior, and wheel performance are analyzed in detail. Sample appli-cations of monolayer CBN wheel for grinding steels, titanium alloys, and nickel-based superalloys are also provided. Finally, this article highlights opportunities for further investigation of mono-layer CBN grinding wheels.     

环路热管温度波动现象的实验分析

对实验中观察到的环路热管温度波动现象进行了描述和解释.实验发现,较小热载荷和较大热载荷下环路热管容易出现温度波动现象.对于蒸发器充满液体的启动情况,小热载荷启动容易出现毛细芯内的工质蒸发现象,芯内蒸发继而引起冷凝器入口处的温度波动,并且最终导致可变热导区的稳态工作温度偏高.冷凝器出口处的温度波动现象产生的原因是工质充装量和储液器容积的不匹配,冷凝器出口的温度波动可以通过对工质充装量的控制来避免.     

旋转蛇形通道内换热的非稳态实验

在旋转状态下,研究了涡轮内冷蛇形通道的非稳态换热特性.实验主要针对旋转状态下,通道内流量的变化和系统旋转速度的变化来进行的.结果表明:对于旋转通道的非稳态过程,换热系数的变化呈波动变化过程,且主要发生在实验参数变化的阶段.加速旋转时,角加速度力的作用会加强进气通道前缘面的换热,而降低后缘面的;减速旋转时,情况相反.而且,角加速度力的作用效果容易在旋转开始变化的时刻显现.当旋转速度在2个值之间往复时,换热系数变化呈现滞后环状,旋转速度越高滞后环越大.     

无固定初始位的电磁(球阀)液压阀安装方式与起落架工作的可靠性

液压系统是飞机的最重要系统之一,而电磁液压转换阀实现了液压系统的控制调节,在液压系统中起到了关键性作用,电磁液压转换阀工作的稳定和可靠影响着整个系统的可靠性,从而影响整个飞机的安全。本文对飞机的起落架收放电磁液压转换阀的安装方式进行了研究,以确定安装方式对起落架收放电磁液压转换阀工作可靠性的影响。