航空发动机过渡态全局寻优控制方法研究

为了对发动机的动态过程进行控制, 提出了一种基于SQP的全局寻优控制方法.每一步寻优过程分为长程优化和短程优化两个阶段.根据长程优化结果, 重构了关联目标函数, 在此基础上, 进行了短程优化修正, 并利用修正结果进行控制.将这种方法应用于某型航空发动机的过渡态控制中, 得到了理想的控制结果.仿真结果表明该方法能较好地解决一般局部优化方法在有纯延迟、模型失配等情况下的优化控制效果下降的问题.      

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

空间辐射环境单粒子效应研究

文章介绍了空间辐射环境对航天器电子元器件产生的单粒子效应的国内外研究情况,从环境模拟方法、模拟试验设备、单粒子效应及防护以及飞行试验等方面进行了分析比较。文章对国内研究发展提出了一些建设性的建议。     

A two-step weighted least-squares method for joint estimation of source and sensor locations: A general framework

It is well known that the Two-step Weighted Least-Squares(TWLS) is a widely used method for source localization and sensor position refinement. For this reason, we propose a unified framework of the TWLS method for joint estimation of multiple disjoint sources and sensor locations in this paper. Unlike some existing works, the presented method is based on more general measurement model, and therefore it can be applied to many different localization scenarios.Besides, it does not have the initialization and local convergence problem. The closed-form expression for the covariance matrix of the proposed TWLS estimator is also derived by exploiting the first-order perturbation analysis. Moreover, the estimation accuracy of the TWLS method is shown analytically to achieve the Cramér-Rao Bound(CRB) before the threshold effect takes place. The theoretical analysis is also performed in a common mathematical framework, rather than aiming at some specific signal metrics. Finally, two numerical experiments are performed to support the theoretical development in this paper.     

发动机试车和数据采集自动化的双微机系统

本文介绍一个双微机对话型实现航空发动机试车和采集数据自动化的微机系统。两台微机分别完成发动机工作状态的控制、显示和发动机试车数据的采集,打印,重要物理参数的监控,应急处理等。两台微机间的相互通讯,可使发动机的状态控制和数据的采集按预定程序交替或同步进行,从而实现自动化的目的。本文对系统的软、硬件结构作了详细的介绍,在目前国内通用试车台的基础上,硬件的改装工作量很小,实现很方便。手动和自动控制间的切换迅速而可靠。本系统在发动机试车台上进行了试验,并通过了航空工业部部级鉴定。     

大攻角非对称涡特性及消除侧向力和力矩方法

本文提出了一个消除非对称力的头部外形方案。通过风洞实验,论证了方案是有效和稳定的。实验发现由对称涡向非对称涡的转变有一个不稳定区,建议用动态测力,得到与激光蒸汽屏流场相一致的结果,并研究其相互关系。     

LY12CZ铝合金材料的室温和高温单轴循环变形行为及其时间相关性

 对LY12CZ铝合金室温和高温下的单轴循环变形行为及其时间相关特性进行了实验研究,重点讨论了环境温度、应力水平、加载波形和峰值保持对材料棘轮行为的影响。结果表明：室温和高温下,LY12CZ铝合金体现出循环硬化特性,并具有明显的应变幅值依赖性;材料的棘轮行为不仅依赖于当前的平均应力和应力幅值大小,还与加载历史密切相关。尽管LY12CZ铝合金在单调拉伸时对应变率的变化不敏感,但其循环棘轮行为具有明显的时间相关特性：有峰值保持时产生的棘轮应变明显大于没有保持时的值,并随保持时间的增加而增大;正弦波形下的棘轮应变大于三角波形下的棘轮应变。     

基于视觉的模型烧蚀形貌实时测量方法

针对电弧风洞试验时模型烧蚀形貌实时的变化问题,使用数字散斑相关结合双目视觉的方法直接测量得到了模型烧蚀过程的形貌变化历程。利用散斑相关来进行图像数据的处理,同时综合了亚象素相关算法。通过测量获得了模型烧蚀过程的形貌实时变化情况。标定结果表明标定精度达到了0.02 mm;试验结果表明,测量方法可以为分析平板模型随烧蚀时间变化而变化的特性提供有效的试验数据。     

航空齿轮磨削加工安装偏心误差补偿研究

磨齿加工时齿坯几何中心与回转工作台轴心存在安装偏心误差,降低了磨齿加工精度。以数控成型砂轮磨齿机工作原理为基础,建立偏心误差磨削加工几何模型;提出安装偏心误差补偿法,建立偏心误差补偿数学模型,通过数学模型求出磨削砂轮在X、Y两个方向的进给补偿增量;以YK73125数控成型砂轮磨齿机为例,进行安装偏心误差补偿实验,齿轮的左右齿面单个齿距极限偏差绝对值分别减小了0.9μm和1.6μm,齿距累积总偏差绝对值分别减小了49.6μm和43.3μm。结果表明:安装偏心误差与单个齿距偏差和齿距累积总偏差成正比;采用安装偏心误差补偿进行磨齿加工,有效地减小了单个齿距偏差和齿距累积总偏差,齿轮的精度有所提高。     

湿热环境对T700/5429 弯曲和面内压缩强度的影响

用热压罐法制备了单向碳纤维增强双马来酰亚胺树脂基( T700/5429)复合材料层压板.在45、85℃水浴的湿热环境下,对层压板进行了90 d的浸泡,测试了浸泡前后的红外吸收光谱、吸湿率、弯曲和面内压缩强度.结果表明:浸泡90 d后树脂基体未出现新的吸收峰;其吸湿率变化是扩散行为并可用菲克扩散定律描述;其弯曲和面内压缩强度随浸泡时间的变化是非线性的,即分形的,其中弯曲强度变化的分形维数45℃时为1.10、85℃时为1.07,面内压缩强度变化的分形维数45℃时为1.04、85℃时为1.05,说明复合材料弯曲强度和面内压缩强度随浸泡时间的变化具有一定的复杂性.