Comets and Chemical Composition

It is commonly believed that comets are made of primordial material. As a consequence, they can reveal more information about the origin of our solar system. To interpret the coma composition measurements of comet Churyumov–Gerasimenko that will be collected by the Rosetta mission, models of the coma chemistry have to be constructed. However, programming the chemistry of a cometary coma is extremely complex due to the large number of species and reactions involved. Moreover, such a program needs to be very flexible as one may want to extend, change, or update the set of species, reactions, and reaction rates. Therefore, we developed software to manage a database of species and reactions and to generate code automatically to compute source/loss balances. This database includes the data from the UMIST database and the ion–molecule reactions collected by V.G. Anicich. To use all these databases together, a lot of practical problems need to be solved, but the result is an enormous source of information about chemical reactions that can be used in chemical models, not only for comets but also for other applications.     

ALTEA: anomalous long term effects in astronauts. A probe on the influence of cosmic radiation and microgravity on the central nervous system during long flights.

The ALTEA project participates to the quest for increasing the safety of manned space flights. It addresses the problems related to possible functional damage to neural cells and circuits due to particle radiation in space environment. Specifically it aims at studying the functionality of the astronauts' Central Nervous Systems (CNS) during long space flights and relating it to the peculiar environments in space, with a particular focus on the particle flux impinging in the head. The project is a large international and multidisciplinary collaboration. Competences in particle physics, neurophysiology, psychophysiology, electronics, space environment, data analyses will work together to construct the fully integrated vision electrophysiology and particle analyser system which is the core device of the project: an helmet-shaped multi-sensor device that will measure concurrently the dynamics of the functional status of the visual system and passage of each particle through the brain within a pre-determined energy window. ALTEA is scheduled to fly in the International Space Station in late 2002. One part of the multi-sensor device, one of the advanced silicon telescopes, will be launched in the ISS in early 2002 and serve as test for the final device and as discriminating dosimeter for the particle fluences within the ISS.     

考虑非线性扭转影响的薄壁梁翘曲特性分析

 考虑翘曲和大扭角变形的影响,研究薄壁梁结构轴向与扭转非线性耦合弹性变形问题。忽略高阶非线性的影响,结合升阶谱有限元方法,形成对称的非线性几何矩阵,从而建立一个稳定的非线性方程数值解模型。针对矩形截面薄壁梁结构,通过与线性结果对比,分析非线性对截面翘曲正应力、自由端转角的影响。     

基于服务发现的网络性能测量系统体系结构研究

 在分析现有网络性能测量技术的基础上, 提出了一种新型的面向服务的网络性能测量系统的体系结构, 旨在将网络性能测量作为网络基础设施的一个组成部分, 为用户提供基于服务发现的透明访问。介绍了该系统的体系结构以及主要组件的系统设计。     

喷嘴雾化特性模糊评判模型

利用模糊综合评判法构造喷嘴雾化模糊关系矩阵，建立了描述喷嘴雾化特性的模糊数学模型，利用该模型分别对不同工况下的空气雾化喷嘴，离心式喷嘴雾化特征进行了理论计算，通过聚类，对5种实验工况进行了分类，计算的分类情况与实验结果基本一致，对空气雾化喷嘴，离心式喷嘴不同实验工况的雾化效果进行了正确的评判。     

Rosina – Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis

The Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA) will answer important questions posed by the mission’s main objectives. After Giotto, this will be the first time the volatile part of a comet will be analyzed in situ. This is a very important investigation, as comets, in contrast to meteorites, have maintained most of the volatiles of the solar nebula. To accomplish the very demanding objectives through all the different phases of the comet’s activity, ROSINA has unprecedented capabilities including very wide mass range (1 to >300 amu), very high mass resolution (m/Δ m > 3000, i.e. the ability to resolve CO from N₂ and ¹³C from ¹²CH), very wide dynamic range and high sensitivity, as well as the ability to determine cometary gas velocities, and temperature. ROSINA consists of two mass spectrometers for neutrals and primary ions with complementary capabilities and a pressure sensor. To ensure that absolute gas densities can be determined, each mass spectrometer carries a reservoir of a calibrated gas mixture allowing in-flight calibration. Furthermore, identical flight-spares of all three sensors will serve for detailed analysis of all relevant parameters, in particular the sensitivities for complex organic molecules and their fragmentation patterns in our electron bombardment ion sources.     

空间细胞机器人系统关键技术及其应用

针对传统空间操控装置难以适应未来大型空间设施在轨建设的问题,提出一种能够实现多层次自重构的空间细胞机器人系统,并对其概念体系以及设计理念进行了分析。介绍了空间三角桁架装配场景下的空间细胞机器人系统硬件设计。提出了空间细胞机器人系统关键技术,包括多智能体协同不确定行为规划、多层次机器人系统构型决策、多智能体协同无环境地图自主导航以及多智能体分层协同分布式控制等。最后结合空间细胞机器人系统的特点与优势,对其应用前景进行了展望。     

基于2.5维小型化设计的UHF频段高性能超材料吸波体

提出一种基于2.5维小型化设计的高性能超材料吸波体,其吸波频带覆盖全球范围内超高频射频识别(Ultrahigh-frequency radio frequeny identification,UHF-RFID)系统工作频段。该吸波体结构借助多个金属化过孔增加回路电长度进行小型化并拓展吸波带宽,通过单独调节上下表面衰减电阻阻值缩小此过程中介质板厚度带来的极化差异。单元尺寸被缩小至13.6 mm×13.6 mm,约为中心频率波长的1/60。仿真和实验结果表明,该2.5维小型化高性能超材料吸波体在840～960 MHz的频带范围内平均吸收率超过99%,相比已公开文献,95%吸波带宽提高45%以上,可用于改善受限空间中RFID系统的可靠性。     

植酸酶发酵过程控制系统设计

设计基于研华工控机和ADAM模块发酵过程控制系统,介绍该系统的软、硬件结构与功能,以及发酵过程参数的优化控制方法。