民用飞机增升装置中的流动控制技术

传统的增升装置设计受到各种约束条件的限制,难以充分发挥增升效果,甚至无法达到飞机对增升效果的需求,而流动控制技术可以弥补这些缺陷。通过搜集大量文献,阐述了襟翼涡流发生器、主翼后缘偏折技术、ZHU’s襟翼、自激励运动襟翼、零质量射流、等离子体技术、MEMS技术以及动力增升等各类主动控制技术的工作原理,增升效果分析以及具体应用情况等。结果表明,这些流动控制新技术对于进一步提高民用飞机的增升效果具有巨大的潜力。     

冷贮备可修系统的维修更换模型

研究了由一个修理工、两同型部件组成的冷贮备可修系统,在故障部件不能"修复如新"的条件下,分别选择系统中部件1的故障次数N和总工作时间T为更换策略,利用更新过程和几何过程理论,选择最优的策略N*和T*,使得系统经长期运行单位时间内平均停机时间最短,并推导出了系统经长期运行单位时间内平均停机时间的表达式。最后,通过数值例子对所得结果进行了分析。     

Long-term time-varying characteristics of UPD products generated by a global and regional network and their interoperable application in PPP

The quality and availability of Uncalibrated Phase Delay (UPD) solutions are crucial to the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) service, and the long-term temporal variability and its contributing factors should be better understood. In this paper, we comprehensively investigate the long-term time-varying characteristics of each UPD product respectively generated by a global and regional network and their interoperable application in PPP-AR (ambiguity resolution), the sampling of the WL and NL UPDs are daily and 30 s, respectively. Firstly, in terms of our 30 day Wide-Lane (WL) UPD products of 31 satellites, the Standard Deviation (STD) of each satellite WL UPDs ranges from 0.04 to 0.06 cycles, indicating that the long-term prediction accuracy of satellite WL UPD is sufficient for fixing Wide-Lane ambiguities. Secondly, when a satellite in eclipsing the discontinulity may corrupt the determination of Narrow-Lane (NL) UPD in form of offset, as a result of lacking or poor satellite attitude dynamic modeling. When the influence of discontinuity is removed, the STD of our estimated satellite NL UPDs is less than 0.05 cycles. Thirdly, the STD of our estimated receiver WL UPDs is mainly below 0.2 cycles, which implies that its stability is one order poorer that of the satellite. In addition, if they are used for stations in and around the network covered region, the stability of the UPD products from the CMONOC (Crustal Movement Observation Network of China) is better than that from a global network, benefit from the fact that all the CMONOC stations are equipped with the same receiver type. Finally, the PPP-AR results show that a rate of 82.9% for stations with a WL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 90% while 69.5% for stations with an NL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 80% can be achieved when using UPD from the global network, which is worse than that of using UPD from the CMONOC (85.7% for stations with a WL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 90% while 75% for stations with an NL-ambiguity-fixed rate of over 80%). The results of the experiment on the UPD interoperable application in PPP show that the global network UPD products can provide a fast AR at any single station, and the convergence time is well below 25 min. Particularly, when the location of a station is in and around the regional network, our results show that the PPP results obtained using regional UPDs enable the consistent use of global UPDs. When the location of a station is far away from the regional network, using the regional UPDs can not achieve PPP-AR. Finally, the WL UPDs of the previous day is used for forecasting to estimate the NL UPDs, the stability analysis results of NL UPDs solution and positioning results are demonstrate the validity of forecasted UPD products.     

Crustal deformation characteristics of Sichuan-Yunnan region in China on the constraint of multi-periods of GPS velocity fields

In order to obtain deformation parameters in each block of Sichuan-Yunnan Region (SYG) in China by stages and establish a dynamic model about the variation of the strain rate fields and the surface expansion in this area, we taken the Global Positioning System (GPS) sites velocity in the region as constrained condition and taken advantage of the block strain calculation model based on spherical surface. We also analyzed the deformation of the active blocks in the whole SYG before and after the Wenchuan earthquake, and analyzed the deformation of active blocks near the epicenter of the Wenchuan earthquake in detail. The results show that, (1) Under the effects of the carving from India plate and the crimping from the potential energy of Tibetan Plateau for a long time, there is a certain periodicity in crustal deformation in SYG. And the period change and the earthquake occurrence have a good agreement. (2) The differences in GPS velocity fields relative Eurasian reference frame shows that the Wenchuan earthquake and the Ya'an earthquake mainly affect the crustal movement in the central and southern part of SYG, and the average velocity difference is about 4–8?mm/a for the Wenchuan earthquake and 2–4?mm/a for the Ya'an earthquake. (3) For the Wenchuan earthquake, the average strain changed from 10 to 20 nanostrian/a before earthquake to 40–50 nanostrian/a after the earthquake, but before and after the Ya’an earthquake, the strain value increased from about 15 nanostrian/a to about 30 nanostrian/a. (4) The Wenchuan earthquake has changed the strain parameter of each active block more or less. Especially, the Longmen block and Chengdu block near the epicenter. The research provides fundamental material for the study of the dynamic mechanism of the push extrusion from the north-east of the India plate and the crimp from Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and it also provides support for the study of crustal stress variation and earthquake prediction in Sichuan Yunnan region.     

PVC 阻燃酚醛纤维的制备及其性能

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)改性酚醛树脂为原料,采用熔融纺丝法制备出PVC阻燃酚醛纤维.通过SEM、DMA、TG、Fr-IR等分析手段,对PVC阻燃酚醛纤维的结构和性能进行了研究.与纯酚醛纤维相比,PVC阻燃纤维的韧性和阻燃性提高,但其热稳定性和残碳率稍有降低.当PVC含量为0.5wt％时,其拉伸强度从123 MPa提高至150 MPa,极限氧指数从32.1％提高至38.5％,在空气气氛下600℃的残碳率从87.4％降至70.9％,在氮气气氛下1 000℃的残碳率从62.8％降至59.7％.     

基于单轴速率转台的捷联惯测组合标定方法

针对传统的"位置+速率"捷联惯测组合(SIMU)标定方法标定时间长、对标定设备要求高,且需要北向基准等问题,提出了基于单轴速率转台的捷联惯测组合标定方法。该标定方法只用一台单轴速率转台。捷联惯测组合3个轴分别垂直向上及向下时转台匀速旋转一圈,通过对单轴速率转台的姿态角及捷联惯测组合测量模型进行适当的数学变换,分离出捷联惯测组合的误差系数。建立了标定模型,推导了误差系数的分离算法,编排了标定流程,给出了数据处理方法,通过试验验证了方法的有效性。该方法对标定设备要求低,无需北向基准,标定时间短,适合于中等精度捷联惯测组合的标定。     

雷达导引头跟踪低空目标仰角误差分析

雷达导引头跟踪低空飞行目标时,其仰角跟踪误差会受多径传播的严重干扰.一般的"小平面"方法计算漫反射时,采用均匀分割地形的方法,这种分割法在大擦地角,目标距离地面较低的情况下,误差较大,并且计算时间较长.提出了非均匀分割的改进的"小平面"法,分析了4条回波路径的影响.采用了闭环跟踪法计算仰角误差,并利用改进的"小平面"法计算电磁波在起伏地/海面上的漫反射,可以较为真实的模拟导引头在跟踪低空目标时的仰角跟踪误差,并可以大大缩短计算时间.     

基于双曲正弦函数的拓扑优化在热传导结构设计中的应用

电子设备的热传导结构设计是解决飞机电子设备热防护问题的有效方法,基于经验的传统设计方法存在设计周期长,获得的结果性能并不一定优等问题,因此将拓扑优化应用在飞机电子设备散热设计中,能够快速获取较优的结构布局。建立基于双曲正弦函数(sinh函数)插值模型的热传导拓扑优化数学模型,将该模 型的算法应用于二维、三维热传导算例,并通过 MATLAB编程进行算法实现;该模型与SIMP模型和RAMP模型进行对比,并应用于机载 LRM 模块导热拓扑优化设计。结果表明：基于sinh函数的插值模型较 SIMP插值模型精确,较RAMP插值模型的迭代次数少,能更好地解决热传导结构拓扑优化设计问题。     

欧洲市场直接运营成本（DOC）分析方法及应用

根据欧洲民航实际运营情况,总结分析欧洲AEA模型中用于飞机竞争分析和总体参数优化的DOC计算方法,建立欧洲市场直接运营成本计算分析模型,然后就某机型的欧洲市场和中国市场DOC计算进行分析,最后指出未来研究的方向。     

刀具涂层技术发展及在飞机制造领域的应用

为满足数控机床对刀具高精度、高可靠性、高加工效率、长寿命及环保等性能的要求,开发综合性能优良的刀具就显得尤为迫切,而新型刀具材料的开发速度尚不能满足刀具的要求,对刀具进行表面改性不仅可以满足不同机床设备的要求,而且也减少了开发新型刀具材料的压力。