Determination of the mean dynamic ocean topography model through combining multi-source gravity data and DTU15 MSS around China's coast

Mean dynamic ocean topography (or MDT) is closely related to ocean circulation and global climate change. It has important scientific significance and application value for the development and utilization of marine resources in China's coastal areas. Based on the terrain gravity, marine gravity, and SRTM 3?s data, an algorithm to reduce the problem of gravity data gaps between land and sea is proposed. A consistent land-sea gravity model is established based on point-mass fusion method. Then geoid model, which accuracy was estimated to be 8.5?cm through the verification of 348 GNSS/level data from the coastal provinces, of China's coastal areas was calculated through remove-restore technique. Connecting the above geoid model with DTU15 MSS model to establish a MDT model in China's coastal areas using the direct method in space domain. The effect of gravity field model, dominant factors of sea surface topography, and low pass filter are analyzed. Taking Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea as an example, and comparing MDT with the two international models CNES_2013_MDT and DTU15_MDT. The results show that the MDT has the potential to construct a vertical datum of the ocean and carry out related scientific research and application.     

我国大型飞机环境控制系统研制展望

根据我国大型飞机研制的任务需求,结合未来飞机环控系统的发展趋势,从气源系统设计技术、高效大流量制冷系统设计技术、数字式座舱压力调节系统设计技术、综合空气管理系统设计技术及防冰系统设计技术等5个方面探讨了适用于我国大型飞机环境控制系统的现实构型和未来发展。     

基于三次样条插值的时滞GDM(1,2)模型构建及应用

针对具有时滞特征的输入输出系统,建立了灰色时滞GDM(1,2)模型。并结合三次样条插值和粒子群优化算法,求解出模型的3个参数[a,b,τ]。相对于先利用灰关联分析确定出时滞参数τ再求解灰预测模型的方法,把时滞参数τ融入模型中求解,避免了参数求解过程中的误差传递;并且还消除了时滞参数τ必须为整数的限制,使模型更加贴合现实中滞后期数不一定为整数的实际情况。最后将模型应用于公路旅客周转量的预测问题,实例表明该模型在具有时滞特征的输入输出系统预测中具有较高的精度。     

CREAM: 70 days of flight from 2 launches in Antarctica

The Cosmic-Ray Energetics And Mass balloon-borne experiment has been launched twice in Antarctica, first in December 2004 and again in December 2005. It circumnavigated the South Pole three times during the first flight, which set a flight duration record of 42 days. A cumulative duration of 70 days within 13 months was achieved when the second flight completed 28 days during two circumnavigations of the Pole on 13 January 2006. Both the science instrument and support systems functioned extremely well, and a total 117 GB of data including 67 million science events were collected during these two flights. Preliminary analysis indicates that the data extend well above 100 TeV and follow reasonable power laws. The payload recovered from the first flight has been refurbished for the third flight in 2007, whereas the payload from the second flight is being refurbished to be ready for the fourth flight in 2008. Each flight will extend the reach of precise cosmic-ray composition measurements to energies not previously possible.     

X-cor夹层结构剪切模量实验与分析

以新型高性能X-cor夹层结构为对象,实验研究了Pin的植入角为30°和体积分数为0.49%的情况下,X-cor夹层结构的纵向剪切模量。与纯泡沫夹层结构相比,X-cor夹层结构密度增加24%,剪切模量提高近7倍。在实验基础上,建立了X-cor夹层结构有限元分析模型,分析了Pin植入角、Pin直径以及Pin分布密度对X-cor夹层结构剪切模量的影响。有限元计算与实验结果对比表明,该有限元模型预测值与实验结果误差很小。     

Aerodynamics of cross-flow fans and their application to aircraft propulsion and flow control

Cross-flow fans offer unique opportunities for distributed propulsion and flow control due to their potential for spanwise integration in aircraft wings. The fan may be fully or partially embedded within the wing using a variety of possible configurations. Its inlet may be used to ingest the boundary-layer flow, and its high-energy exhaust flow may be injected into the wake at the wing trailing edge for drag reduction or vectored thrust. Cross-flow fans are high-pressure coefficient machines, so they can be diametrically compact. However, their efficiency is fundamentally limited by unavoidable recirculation flows within the impeller at all flight speeds, and by additional compressibility losses at high speeds. This article reviews the fundamental aerodynamics and flow regions of cross-flow fans using a simple mean-line analysis to examine the basic energy transfer and loss processes. Experimental data for fans intended for aircraft application are then reviewed and compared to calculations using unsteady Navier–Stokes methods, showing the state-of-the art in flow field and performance prediction capability. Alternative prediction methods where blade action is modeled in terms of body-force or vortex elements are discussed, including challenges in handling arbitrary non-uniform, unsteady blade flows for various design configurations. The article concludes with a review of cross-flow fan propulsion and flow control concepts that have been investigated by various researchers, and with discussions on future challenges in their application.     

Preliminary results from the second flight of CREAM

Launched from McMurdo (Antarctica) in December 2005, the balloon experiment CREAM (cosmic ray energetics and mass) collected about 15 million triggers during its second flight of 28 days. Redundant charge identification, by two pixelated silicon arrays and a time resolved pulse shaping technique from a scintillator system, allowed a clear signature of the primary nuclei. The energy was measured with a tungsten/SciFi calorimeter preceded by a graphite target. Preliminary results from the analysis of the data of the second flight are presented.     

飞机空中跳伞应急出口切割装置设计与试验

爆破切割蒙皮形成应急出口在飞机上的应用国内尚属首次,其最大优点是节省救生准备时间.从爆炸减压、结构变形、结构强度、爆炸反向冲击等方面进行了理论计算,分析了高空爆破切割形成应急出口的可行性.针对切割索弯折过框及长桁降低切割效果问题,进行了摸底试验和余度试验,试验结果表明:只要过框位置切割索弯折后与框距离控制在2~8mm,过长桁位置切割索弯折后与长桁距离不大于2mm,就可以满足切割分离要求,切割索弯折后相互之间不产生影响.通过1∶1地面验证试验,证明了爆破切割蒙皮形成应急出口的可行性,并成功安装于某型飞机上.研究成果可为其他型号采用爆破切割技术提供理论基础和试验数据支持.     

基于地外天体起飞的真空羽流导引技术研究方案评述

随着载人航天、深空探测的发展,探测器的地外天体发射起飞越来越多。发动机喷射的羽流所诱发的冲击振动以及反溅气流对上升级的气动力干扰,均对探测器的起飞稳定性造成不利的影响,同时也对探测器产生一定的热冲击效应。文章结合真空羽流场的流动特点和目前的研究现状,提出了基于地外天体起飞的真空羽流导引技术的研究思路、研究方法和研究路线;针对羽流导引方案,采用数值仿真和地面模拟试验相结合的方法进行了评价分析,确定了最优方案。真空羽流导引技术研究方案在某型号项目中的实施取得了良好的效果,证明了本研究思路的正确性。     

主燃孔对双旋流燃烧室流场的影响

通过试验和数值模拟的方法研究了主燃孔几何参数与布局对双旋流燃烧室内三维冷热态流场的影响.用粒子图像测速仪(PIV)对不同工况的冷热态流场进行测量,用多点温度耙对燃烧室出口温度分布进行测量,用多点取样管和气体分析仪对燃烧室出口气体成分进行分析.用商业软件Fluent对不同主燃孔时的燃烧室冷热态流场进行数值模拟.计算结果与试验数据相当吻合,表明在相同的进口条件下,燃烧室主燃孔的几何参数和布局变化对燃烧室的冷热态流场、出口温度及燃气成分分布有较大的影响.