机载天线RCS减缩及其布局设计

机载天线系统是飞机的强散射源之一,对飞机隐身性能有着重要的影响。本文针对国外第四代战斗机机载天线系统的设计与布局,研究了具有低散射特性的机载天线系统设计技术措施,讨论了其机理和效能。对机载天线系统进行雷达散射截面积(Radar cross section,RCS)减缩设计与布局,在保证系统性能的同时,有效降低其RCS。     

CAFUC视阈下对英语专业教学改革的微观研究

英语专业是中国民航飞行学院(CAFUC)唯一的文科类专业。英语专业的教学改革是一个长期持续的课题。从CAFUC视阈角度对英语专业教学改革做出微观研究,分析了CAFUC英语专业的优劣势并预测了今后的教学思路。     

主流压力梯度对气膜孔流量系数影响机理

测量了主流零压力梯度、正压力梯度及负压力梯度条件下气膜孔流量系数,分析了主流压力梯度对气膜孔流量系数的影响机理.结果显示:正、负压力梯度的存在对气膜孔流量系数的影响幅度最大值分别为22%及26%.主流压力梯度会对喷出气流施加弯转作用及挤压作用,同时也会改变喷出气流与近壁面主流的掺混作用,从而影响气膜孔流量系数.挤压作用使喷出气流管变细而增加喷出气流的流动损失;弯转作用主要影响喷出气流的流动轨迹,正压力梯度下弯转作用使喷出气流的轨迹靠近壁面而远离其自由喷射方向增加流动损失,负压力梯度的作用则相反;掺混作用会增加喷出气流的动量消耗,正压力梯度对掺混有抑制作用,从而减少喷出气流用于掺混的动量损失,负压力梯度则相反.      

基于距离测量的机器人误差标定及参数选定

为消除机器人运动学标定中的模型奇异问题,研究距离平方差模型的可辨识参数.采用修正DH（Denavit-Hartenberg）模型描述机器人连杆结构,六参数描述末端关节到工具坐标系的变换,推导了连杆参数误差到机器人末端距离平方差的线性模型,从冗余关系式和物理解释角度讨论冗余参数,确定可辨识参数,使用迭代的最小二乘法辨识参数完整且非奇异的模型.结合某6旋转关节机器人,以激光跟踪仪为测量仪器进行标定实验,在设计末端执行器时目标测量点偏离末端关节轴线以保证倒数第二关节参数的辨识.结果显示,距离平方差模型避免了测量坐标系到基坐标系的转换,检验点的距离误差均方根降低93.1%,完整性和非奇异性提高了参数辨识的有效性.      

邻信道合并的改进及其测频方法

为了确保高灵敏度,数字信道化接收机的子信道带宽一般较窄。然而,在现代电子战环境中,存在大量的宽带雷达信号,其带宽经常会大于信道宽度,使得多信道都存在信号,将增加信道编码及脉内处理的复杂度。提出了一种邻信道合并方法,直接对信道化的原型低通滤波器进行了解析设计,便于采用带宽相加实现输出子信道的带宽扩展。首先给出了原型低通滤波器的一种解析解;然后,采用相似系数,从仿真角度证明了邻信道合并对宽带信号的适用性;最后,根据信道分布特点,设计了一种窄带测频方法。理论分析和仿真结果证实了方法的有效性。     

脉压雷达旁瓣匿影工作模式与抗干扰性能分析

旁瓣匿影是脉冲压缩雷达中常用的抗干扰技术。首先基于旁瓣匿影的一般结构,构建了脉压前匿影与脉压后匿影两种工作模式。然后重点针对不同工作模式下的雷达抗干扰性能和检测性能进行了理论分析和仿真研究。结果表明,脉压前匿影比较适合对抗压制性脉冲干扰,而脉压后匿影则更适合对抗欺骗性脉冲干扰。     

美国海基激光武器的发展

跟踪研究了美国海基激光武器的发展动态,论述了其发展历程、基本构成、作战流程和发展现状,剖析了其关键技术的攻关进展情况,预测了其未来作战应用,并得出相应结论。     

Tropospheric wet refractivity tomography using multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique

Algebraic reconstruction techniques (ART) have been successfully used to reconstruct the total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere and in recent years be tentatively used in tropospheric wet refractivity and water vapor tomography in the ground-based GNSS technology. The previous research on ART used in tropospheric water vapor tomography focused on the convergence and relaxation parameters for various algebraic reconstruction techniques and rarely discussed the impact of Gaussian constraints and initial field on the iteration results. The existing accuracy evaluation parameters calculated from slant wet delay can only evaluate the resultant precision of the voxels penetrated by slant paths and cannot evaluate that of the voxels not penetrated by any slant path. The paper proposes two new statistical parameters Bias and RMS, calculated from wet refractivity of the total voxels, to improve the deficiencies of existing evaluation parameters and then discusses the effect of the Gaussian constraints and initial field on the convergence and tomography results in multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (MART) to reconstruct the 4D tropospheric wet refractivity field using simulation method.     

Dynamics and control of spacecraft hovering using the geomagnetic Lorentz force

To achieve hovering, a spacecraft thrusts continuously to induce an equilibrium state at a desired position. Due to the constraints on the quantity of propellant onboard, long-time hovering around low-Earth orbits (LEO) is hardly achievable using traditional chemical propulsion. The Lorentz force, acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through a planetary magnetic field, provides a new propellantless method for orbital maneuvers. This paper investigates the feasibility of using the induced Lorentz force as an auxiliary means of propulsion for spacecraft hovering. Assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field is a dipole that rotates with the Earth, a dynamical model that characterizes the relative motion of Lorentz spacecraft is derived to analyze the required open-loop control acceleration for hovering. Based on this dynamical model, we first present the hovering configurations that could achieve propellantless hovering and the corresponding required specific charge of a Lorentz spacecraft. For other configurations, optimal open-loop control laws that minimize the control energy consumption are designed. Likewise, the optimal trajectories of required specific charge and control acceleration are both presented. The effect of orbital inclination on the expenditure of control energy is also analyzed. Further, we also develop a closed-loop control approach for propellantless hovering. Numerical results prove the validity of proposed control methods for hovering and show that hovering around low-Earth orbits would be achievable if the required specific charge of a Lorentz spacecraft becomes feasible in the future. Typically, hovering radially several kilometers above a target in LEO requires specific charges on the order of 0.1 C/kg.