Negative body potential as result of modulated electron beam emission into ambient plasma

Two different processes play an important role during emission of pulsed electron beam from a satellite: the positive charging of the spacecraft by emitted electron current and the body neutralization by ambient plasma electrons (mainly in pauses between electron pulses).

The injection of modulated electron beam (pulses of 2μs duration, E=8keV, I=0.1A and 25μs repetition) was carried on in the APEX Project. A simple computer model of this process for APEX scenario was performed.

The results show that after primary positive charging (during gun operation) a significant negative charging (in pauses between pulses) caused by neutralization process by ambient plasma with fp>2MHz takes place.     

Ionospheric effects caused by barium releases

Results of experimental studies of the ionospheric effects produced by CRRES barium releases are considered. The experimental observations of HF spectral characteristics by Doppler method are made by a network of long distance radio paths intersecting the L-shell of releases. The time dependence of their occurrence relative to the moment of release and the character of changes of spectral parameters produces signal effects (SE) which may be classified as: the unique burst, the quasiperiodic group of bursts, the regular changes of spectral parameters and wave processes. Observed types of SE are analogous to those seen when the releases were produced at the heights from 140 to 160 km. The result of experimental observations testify that there are special geophysical phenomena produced by barium releases.     

Interaction of artificially injected plasma flows with ionospheric plasma

Results of rocket experiments on study of plasma flows (PF) artificially injected by sources separated from vehicles and their effect on medium parameters in ionosphere at altitudes 160:230 km are presented.PF were injected comprising lithium ions with velocities 1,2 x 10⁴ m/sec. and cesium-potassium ions with velocities (1,4–1,5)x10³ m/sec. Mass flow rate in case of lithium PS is 2 mg/sec, and in case of cesium-potassium PS is 0,2 g/sec. During experiments mass-spectrometer measurements of ion medium content in ranges of different ion masses were held, disturbancies of electric fields with frequencies up to 20 kHz and electron flows with energies 0,7keV, 4,6keV and over 40 keV were controlled at distancies from 150m to (500–600)m between plasma source and scientific equipment.     

Avionics data buses: an overview

An overview of military avionics data buses and their applications, with the emphasis on optical fiber networking techniques. The evolution of military avionics data buses is discussed. The development trend actually reflects an increasing demand on such data buses, which requires the change from low-speed to high-speed transmissions, from single-rate to dual-rate operations, and from centralized control to distributed control. Recent progress in military avionics networks is described.     

Forces acting on a foreign particle near a solidification front

The interaction of inert foreign particles and a solid-liquid interface during solidification is considered. The viscous drag on the particle which produces a force on the interface is calculated under general assumptions as well as the disjoining force for small particles and the buoyancy force for large ones.     

液体火箭发动机滚动轴承故障诊断方法初探

轴承故障在回转机械的各种故障中占有很大比例,轴承故障的诊断和检测是机械故障诊断重点发展的技术之一。本文结合发动机滚动轴承使用情况,介绍了液体火箭发动机滚动轴承故障诊断的作用、工作过程、诊断与检测方法。     

Investigation of the infrared characteristics of the rocket nozzle

Investigation of the infrared characteristics of a rocket nozzle is very important for the study of infrared initiating technology. The Narrow-Band Zone model is developed for that purpose. The spectral transmission and absorption factors are introduced, and the equations between radiative heat flux and the temperature of waill surfaces and gas are developed. The radiative heat transfer in one axisymmetric cylindrical enclosure filled with homogeneous radiative participating medium is computed with the Narrow-Band Zone model and compared with those in the reference documents. The comparison shows good agreement. The radiative heat transfer to the nozzle of one rocket engine is also calculated with the Narrow-Band Zone model, and the outgoing radiative energy flux and energy rate integrated in a mid-wave infrared band 2-6 pm, a long-wave infrared band 8-14 pm and the full wave band are analyzed. The following conclusions can be derived: the spectral radiation from the inlet and outlet of the nozzle show apparent spectral discontinuity, which appears greater in the 2.7-2.95 pm than in the neighboring wave band. The spectral outgoing radiative energy flux of nozzle wail is similar to that of gray body, which decreases with wavelength in 2-14 pm. The outgoing radiative energy flux on the nozzle wall is greater in the cylindrical and contracting section of nozzle, but smaller in the divergent section, which is determined by temperature. The nozzle of the rocket engine radiates most energy in the mid-wave surfaces by absorption. The most important feature of gas radiation is the strong selection of the waveband, so the detailed study of the infrared characteristics of nozzle of the rocket engine should be carried out on narrow-band computation.     

测点的布置对紊流度测量的影响

本文采用不同数目和布置的测点对十余种不同类型和大小的稳态压力畸变和以压力紊流度表征的动态畸变流场进行了测量,得到了其流场的紊流度分布。文中对所测得的平均紊流度、紊流度的平方平均值及定义的不均匀分布度D值进行了分析,得出了测点的数目和布置对紊流度测量的影响,从而为工程上紊流度的测量提供参考。     

一种基于CCSDS AOS的星上数据系统仿真分析

高级在轨系统 (AOS,Advanced Orbiting System)是空间数据系统咨询委员会(CCSDS,Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems)制定的关于空 -空和空 -地的数据管理系统。文中在详细分析 CCSDS AOS协议的基础上 ,应用这一协议设计了一种星上数据处理系统 ,它的功能是把不同类型、不同速率的数据进行封装 ,形成统一的虚拟信道数据单元 (VCDU ,VirtualCode Data Unit)格式 ,然后通过信息处理模块 ,把各条虚拟信道上 VCDU复接成连续的数据流。在信息处理模块中 ,设计了一种 VCDU转换算法 ,根据各信道的数据流的速率来分配相应的时间。仿真表明 ,这种算法能保证各虚拟信道能高效、公平地共用同一条物理信道。     

基于磁通感应的动目标探测原理及分析

文章研究利用磁通感应技术对运动目标进行探测的方法。通过分析运动目标的磁特性,建立等效磁性模型。根据模型设计了探测感应线圈的结构,并从理论上推导出线圈内磁通量和感生电动势的求解公式。利用数值仿真获得了探测信号与运动目标特征及线圈参数的关系。计算结果表明,探测信号对运动目标参数及探测感应线圈的结构变化响应明显,初步验证了该探测技术的可行性。