基于疲劳寿命理论的膜盘联轴器型面设计

区别于传统的基于强度理论的膜盘联轴器型面设计方法,提出了一种基于膜盘联轴器动力学分析和疲劳寿命理论的型面设计方法.建立了分析膜盘联轴器应力及寿命的简化有限元模型,给出了作用在此模型上的边界条件和初始条件,建立了膜盘联轴器动静复合应力分析方法.根据动力学分析的结果,讨论了膜盘联轴器工作时,不同类型的载荷对其疲劳寿命的影响.计算对比了几种典型型面在不同复合载荷作用下的寿命;基于疲劳寿命理论对膜盘联轴器的型面设计给予评价,最后给出各典型型面的适用工况.     

直升机滑油散热器动态性能分析

滑油散热器的动态特性是直升机滑油冷却系统设计的基础,使用模块化集总参数法建立了直升机滑油散热器的动态仿真模型,采用Laplace变换建立动态传递函数,结合动态仿真模拟曲线的比较以及传递函数的分析,对热侧和冷侧入口温度阶跃变化时的热侧出口温度动态响应性能进行分析,得到了影响动态性能的重要影响参数——芯体蓄热时间常数τw以及热侧温度随流动时间τ变化的时间常数hτ,从而可通过改变这两个重要影响参数来有效改变散热器以及系统的动态延迟时间.通过散热器动态实验测量,验证了模型的正确性.研究成果可有效改进散热器以及系统的动态性能,以及指导散热器与系统的优化耦合设计.     

整体式盒式应变天平有限元设计

为了满足大飞机的测力试验要求,应用CATIA软件建立整体式盒式应变天平的虚拟样机,以该软件的有限元功能分析了该天平的静力学、贴片梁的微应变及模态,得出了天平在给定载荷下的应力和模态振型。静态标定结果表明有限元方法比传统计算方法的结果更可靠,同时说明了CATIA作为参数化设计及分析的一体化软件应用于天平的设计可在设计阶段降低天平的线性与非线性干扰,分析与设计效率得到了较大的提高。     

陀螺经纬仪在大型航天产品精测中的应用

陀螺经纬仪通常是做某一方向与当地大地北向的方位角关系测量用。文章针对“天宫一号”目标飞行器精测中遇到的问题,即高空不同平台间两台设备需要姿态关系测量的需求,通过对陀螺经纬仪测量原理的研究,借助大地坐标系作为中间传递坐标系,解决了经纬仪测量因互瞄被遮挡无法建立基准镜坐标系间关系的问题。测量误差分析结果验证了这种新方法的可行性,该方法可用于大型航天产品设备安装精度的测量。     

Global Hybrid Simulation of Magnetic Reconnection in the Magnetosheath

A three-dimensional (3-D) global hybrid simulation is carried out for the generation and structure of magnetic reconnection in the magnetosheath due to interaction of an interplanetary Tangential Discontinuity (TD) with the bow shock and magnetosphere. Runs are performed for solar wind TDs possessing different initial half-widths. As the TD propagates through the bow shock toward the magnetopause, it is greatly narrowed by a two-step compression processes, a "shock compression' followed by a subsequent ``convective compression'. In cases with a relatively thin solar wind TD, 3-D patchy reconnection is initiated in the transmitted TD, forming magnetosheath flux ropes. Multiple components of ion particles are present in the velocity distribution in the magnetosheath merging, accompanied by ion heating. For cases with a relatively wide initial TD, a dominant single X-line appears in the subsolar magnetosheath after the transmitted TD is narrowed. A shock analysis is performed for the detailed structure of magnetic reconnection in the magnetosheath. Rotational Discontinuity (RD)/Time-Dependent Intermediate Shock (TDIS) are found to dominate the reconnection layer, which and some weak slow shocks are responsible for the ion heating and acceleration.      

Progress of microgravity material research during the period of 2007—2009

Orbital experimental researches on crystal growth of Mn-doped GaSb and Bi2Se0.21Te2.79 are briefly summarized. The space experiments were completed in September of 2007 on broad the Foton-M3 satellite of Russia. Ground-based researches on the solidification behaviors of Al-Al3Ni, Al-Al2Cu, Ag-Cu eutectic, Al-Pb monotectic and Cu-Co peritectic alloys in a 50-meter-high drop tube were investigated. New experimental results on the ultrasonic field and the temperature recycling induced to chiral symmetry breaking of NaClO3 crystal also were reported in the present paper.      

用参数辨识法进行直升机悬停性能拓展

准确计算直升机在不同飞行状态的有效气动参数对于确定直升机飞行性能具有重要意义。然而,由于复杂的旋翼空气动力现象以及直升机状态和环境条件的变化,准确预估气动参数有较大难度。为此,采用无量纲分析法建立直升机悬停状态的数学模型,首先对参数重组,确定了几个悬停状态重要参数,包括气动参数和直升机状态参数;然后,以直-9×型直升机为例,结合实际试飞数据,提出了用最小二乘法对该模型进行参数辨识的方法;最后,通过相关性分析,确定了辨识方法的可行性,并将辨识结果有效地用于直升机悬停性能拓展。结果表明,这种利用参数辨识进行性能拓展的方法是可行的,由于辨识结果是利用实际试飞数据确定的,拓展结果具有较高的可信度。这种数据处理方法可有效减少试飞周期,节约试验成本。     

结构参数对环簇式塞式喷管性能的影响

为研究环簇式塞式喷管设计中人为选择的结构参数对性能的影响,在单元间距与内喷管出口直径比、单元喷管数目、内喷管面积比分别相同的前提下,计算并比较了三种塞式喷管的推力效率.结果表明,高空下内喷管面积比30.2的8单元接触式的效率最高,而低空下内喷管面积比20.7的8单元间隔式的效率最高.因此在总面积比一定的情况下,若塞式喷管在中低空高度下工作,则单元内喷管面积比可取得小些,以保证中低空下的效率;反之,则单元内喷管面积比尽量取得大些.      

High-speed streams of the solar wind near the earths’s orbit and their sources on the sun according to stereoscopic observations in the minimum of the 23rd cycle

Based on the results of plasma and magnetic measurements at three different points of the heliosphere and telescopic observations of the Sun from these points we study simultaneously high-speed streams (HSS) of the solar wind (SW) near the Earths’s orbit and coronal holes (CH) that have generated them. The data from spacecraft STEREO-A, STEREO-B, ACE, and SOHO are used together with ground-based observations from March 2007 to May 2008. In this period there existed HSS whose sources represented CH of various polarity, geometry, and location relative to the heliographic and heliomagnetic equators. Dependence of SW parameters on mutual positions of spacecraft with respect to CH and heliospheric current sheet, and also on heliolatitude and geometry of the CH is revealed. A difference of more than 5° in locations of spacecraft with respect to the heliospheric current sheet in November 2007 allowed us to discover a heliolatitude velocity gradient of the SW streams between the STEREO-A and STEREO-B spacecraft. On the average this gradient at that time was equal to 20 km/s per degree. Substantial variations in SW streams associated with variations of the HSS SW sources during a few hours or days were also observed. This variability makes it difficult to use the data of spacecraft STEREO-B for sufficiently accurate prediction of SW properties in the near-Earth space by the method of simple advanced ti me shift due to heliolongitude difference between a spacecraft and the Earth even in solar activity minimum.     

高超声速栅格翼气动特性研究

阐述了用于马赫数大于5.0的高超声速飞行控制的栅格翼气动特性问题。采用工程 计算方法预示了栅格翼气动力、热特性,验证了栅格翼几何参数特性合理选取的初步要求, 这为后续深入研究进行了有益的探索。