速度型虚拟夹具辅助空间遥操作技术研究

 天地间通讯存在大时延是影响空间遥操作性能的主要问题。传统虚拟夹具应用于空间遥操作中,已获得一定的操作性能提升,但不具备动态的预测能力,对于克服时延带来的操作错觉等能力的提升有很大限制。本文提出一种速度型虚拟夹具作用于操作末端,利用操作末端的速度信息,实时改变虚拟夹具的形状,对操作末端在3 s时延后的运动进行动态预测。利用方向包围盒(OBB)方法进行图形碰撞检测,能在3 s内检测到即将到来的碰撞,按照一定规则产生相应的阻力反馈给操作者,以克服时延引起的误操作,提高遥操作性能。经过多组目标平台的近距离停靠实验,验证了该方法的有效性。     

TRIZ理论在航空发动机方案设计中的应用

从满足未来战斗机需求出发,将TRIZ创新理论及其解题工具引入到高推重比发动机方案创新设计中。针对高推重比发动机发展中的两个重要问题进行技术矛盾分析,由矛盾矩阵得到相应的矛盾解决原理(No.1分割原理和No.15动态特性原理),创造性地构建出可变涵道核心机驱动风扇的涡扇发动机概念方案,满足了未来高推重比涡扇发动机宽包线、长航时的技术特征要求。     

某蒸发式稳定器燃烧特性及供油匹配数值研究

为了研究一种适用于亚燃冲压发动机燃烧室的蒸发式火焰稳定器方案,采用PDF燃烧模型对其燃烧特性及供油匹配进行了流动及两相燃烧数值模拟与分析,重点研究了不同主燃区/局部供油匹配以及不同主燃区供油浓度分布等对燃烧性能的影响,获得了燃气温度峰值与均匀性相对优化的供油方案。     

火箭贮箱箱底瓜瓣拉深成形数值模拟

基于钣金成形仿真软件,数值模拟了火箭贮箱箱底瓜瓣零件的拉深成形,对瓜瓣拉深模具的拉延筋结构和压边力进行了优化,获得了半圆截面等效拉延筋结构的参数最优组合。     

航空兵编队与舰艇编队对抗数理战术

舰艇编队防空武器多样,防空区域层次明确,防空能力相对较强,在基于舰艇编队任务模式和编队组成分析基础上,对其防空系统策略进行研究;针对航空兵的快速机动性和战术灵活性,建立战术攻击策略库,结合基于毁伤等级的毁伤效果评估,进行了航空兵编队对舰艇编队数理战术研究,从而为战术决策提供依据,最后指出进一步研究的方向。     

一种优先级区分的机载无线网络MAC层自适应退避算法

针对现有无线网络媒介接入控制(MAC)协议退避机制存在的竞争窗口(CW)易产生振荡、不能为紧急业务提供低时延QoS保障、难以区分服务类别等不足,提出了一种区分业务优先级的自适应退避(PAB)算法。该算法在二进制指数退避(BEB)算法的基础上,根据信道忙闲标识和业务优先级自适应选择相应退避阶段,通过参数设置可对不同优先级业务相邻退避阶段的前、后转移概率进行调整。利用二维马尔可夫链理论对PAB进行了建模分析,理论分析获得了饱和吞吐量和平均MAC时延的数学表达式,仿真实验结果表明:在机载无线网络(AN)环境下,PAB的性能相对BEB有了显著提升,可有效保障机载无线网络多业务类型的传输需求。     

视觉导航下基于H2/H∞的航迹跟踪

为了从理论上研究视觉导航系统的特性,首先在物理上将视觉导航系统划分为传感器(摄像头、激光测距仪)和视觉处理计算机。针对视觉处理计算机,建立视觉位置测量模型。将视觉位置测量模型的不确定性分为参数不确定性和输入干扰2种。然后通过仿真详细分析了视觉位置估计针对不同模型不确定性的敏感程度。最后在引入视觉位置测量模型不确定性的基础上研究H₂/H_∞混合鲁棒控制在航迹跟踪上的应用,并给出了保证航迹控制系统稳定性和跟踪性能情况下的视觉位置测量模型摄动范围,对计算机视觉算法的研究具有一定的指导意义。     

供气周向不均匀对霍尔推力器放电特性及性能的影响

研究发现,由于气体分配器安装及制造误差,或者出气孔被溅射产生的粒子阻塞容易导致霍尔推力器周向出气不均匀。采用堵塞气体分配器出气孔的方式实现周向不均匀气体分布来研究供气周向不均匀程度对霍尔推力器放电特性及性能的影响,试验得到了不同情况下的电流特性、近场区离子电流密度分布以及整体性能参数。结果表明,出气周向不均匀导致放电电流增加,增量最大可达25%以上,放电电流振荡严重,同时减小了推力器的效率和比冲。     

Design and Performance of an Improved Trapped Vortex Combustor

 A trapped vortex combustor (TVC) has been a very promising novel concept for it offers improvements in lean blow out, altitude relight, operating range, as well as a potential to decrease NO_x emissions compared to conventional combustors. The present paper discusses the improved designs of the new combustor over the prior ones of our research group, including that: a) the overall dimensions, both axial and radial, are reduced to those of an actual aero-engine combustor; b) the air flow distribution is optimized, and especially 15% of the air is fed into the liner as cooling air; c) a straight-wall diffuser with divergence angle 9癷s added. A series of experiments (cavity-fueled only, under atmospheric pressure) has been conducted to investigate the performance of the improved TVC. Experimental results show that at the inlet temperature of 523 K, the inlet pressure of 0.1 MPa, stable operation of the TVC test rig is observed for the Mach number 0.15-0.34, indicating good flame stability; the combustion efficiency obtained in this paper falls into the range of 60%-96%; as the total excess air ratio increases, the combustion efficiency decreases, while the increase of the inlet temperature is beneficial to high combustion efficiency; besides, the optimal Mach numbers for high combustion efficiency under different inlet conditions are confirmed. The outlet temperature profiles feature a bottom in the mid-height of the exit. This paper demonstrates the feasibility for the TVC to be applied to a realistic aero-engine preliminarily and provides reference for TVC design.     

Effect of the Interplanetary Electric Field on the Magnetopause From Global MHD Simulations

The north-south component B_z of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) and solar wind dynamic pressure P_d are generally treated as the two main factors in the solar wind that determine the geometry of the magnetosphere. By using the 3D global MHD simulations, we investigate the effect of the Interplanetary Electric Field (IEF) on the size and shape of magnetopause quantitatively. Our numerical experiments confirm that the geometry of the magnetopause are mainly determined by P_dB_z, as expected. However, the dawn-dusk IEFs have great impact on the magnetopause erosion because of the magnetic reconnection, thus affecting the size and shape of the magnetopause. Higher solar wind speed with the same B_z will lead to bigger dawn-dusk IEFs, which means the higher reconnection rate, and then results in more magnetic flux removal from the dayside. Consequently, the dayside magnetopause moves inward and flank magnetopause moves outward.