合成双射流逆向吹吸控制对翼型流动特性影响

为探究合成双射流(Dual?Synthetic?Jets,DSJ)技术对飞行器航向姿态的控制能力,采用数值模拟的方法,研究了反向DSJ对小攻角、大攻角下翼型绕流流场的控制机理及气动控制特性,并通过飞行试验验证了其航向姿态控制能力.结果表明:小攻角下,反向DSJ会使阻力增大,升力略有减小,俯仰力矩基本不变;大攻角下,反向DSJ会使升力、阻力及低头力矩增大.小攻角下施加控制后,激励器出口前由于射流的阻挡作用形成高压区,伴随着流向逆压梯度的增加,分别在两个出口后形成准定常低压回流区,致使前后压差阻力增大,但压力包络面积基本不变,故升力变化不大;大攻角下施加控制后,除了会在射流出口前、后分别形成高压区、低压区外,还会使背风面流动提前分离,扩大分离区域面积,同时也会减小分离区内的压力值,扩大压力包络,增大阻力的同时,也会提升升力.飞行试验结果表明,反向DSJ具有对飞行器巡航时航向姿态的控制能力,可实现的最大偏航角速度为9.01°/s.     

从酝酿到决策——民用飞机预发展阶段工作分析

对比军机和民机项目研制目标的差异，指出民机项目的最终目标是追求商业成功。通过对民机项目各阶段投入比例的对比，强调了预发展阶段有奠定项目基调、指明发展方向和降低研制风险的作用,明确了预发展阶段工作的两大任务是飞机定义和概念方案迭代、优化,并对预发展阶段的工作内容进行划分，将其分为市场分析与飞机定义、可行性研究及初步设计三部分内容，阐述了各部分的承接关系、内部工作流程与做法。指出市场分析与飞机定义部分的输出成果是以飞机定义文件呈现，并由飞机定义评审会确定；可行性研究部分的重点是方案的展开和迭代，其中市场验证是方案优选的重要参考依据；初步设计部分要持续关注市场验证与技术环境研究工作。最后总结了民用飞机预发展阶段工作的市场指向性、科学性和相关投入的必要性。     

Flight dynamics characteristics of canard rotor/wing aircraft in helicopter flight mode

The aerodynamic layout of the Canard Rotor/Wing(CRW) aircraft in helicopter flight mode differs significantly from that of conventional helicopters. In order to study the flight dynamics characteristics of CRW aircraft in helicopter mode, first, the aerodynamic model of the main rotor system is established based on the blade element theory and wind tunnel test results. The aerodynamic forces and moments of the canard wing, horizontal tail, vertical tail and fuselage are obtained via theoretical analysis and empirical formula. The flight dynamics model of the CRW aircraft in helicopter mode is developed and validated by flight test data. Next, a method of model trimming using an optimization algorithm is proposed. The flight dynamics characteristics of the CRW are investigated by the method of linearized small perturbations via Simulink. The trim results are consistent with the conventional helicopter characteristics, and the results show that with increasing forward flight speed, the canard wing and horizontal tail can provide considerable lift,which reflects the unique characteristics of the CRW aircraft. Finally, mode analysis is implemented for the linearized CRW in helicopter mode. The results demonstrate that the stability of majority modes increases with increasing flight speed. However, one mode that diverges monotonously,and the reason is that the CRW helicopter mode has a large vertical tail compared to the conventional helicopter. The results of the dynamic analysis provide optimization guidance and reference for the overall design of the CRW aircraft in helicopter mode, and the model developed can be used for control system design.     

微纳卫星混合推进技术研究综述

首先介绍了微纳卫星混合推进系统的特点与优势,总结了星载混合推进技术的发展现状,并结合微纳卫星动力系统要求,指出了星载混合推进技术的发展趋势及存在的问题.然后在此基础上,从卫星工程应用的角度,重点综述了星载混合推进系统需攻克的主要关键技术,包括先进一体化制造、可靠低功耗多次点火启动、比冲提升、高效燃烧等,并分析了相应关键...     

空间大型结构体组装接口设计及装配性能分析

为满足超大型(公里级)空间结构在轨组装的需求,设计了一种全新的空间大型结构体组装接口并对其装配性能进行了详细的分析。首先,详细设计了一种纯机械式双锁定组装接口。其次,通过建立接口运动学模型,对组装接口的容差性能进行了分析,得出 X 方向容差为14.25 mm, Z 方向容差为15.84 mm,绕 X,Y,Z 三个轴的角度容差分别为5.65°、5.51°和5.34°。最后,对对接接口进行了ADAMS仿真分析,验证了容差分析的正确性,得到了对接机构接触力与静摩擦系数、机械臂推力、碰撞锥角之间的非线性影响关系,为空间对接机构的设计奠定了基础。     

Experimental research of air-throttling ignition for a scramjet at Ma 6.5

An experimental investigation on ignition characteristics with air-throttling in an ethylene-fueled scramjet under flight Ma 6.5 conditions was conducted.The dynamic process of air-throttling ignition was explored systematically.The influences of throttling parameters,i.e.,throttling mass rate and duration,were investigated.When the throttling mass rate was 45% of the inflow mass rate,ambient ethylene could be ignited reliably.The delay time from ignition to throttling was about 45–55 ms.There was a threshold of throttling duration under a certain throttling mass rate.It was shorter than 100 ms when the throttling mass rate was 45%.While a 45%throttling mass rate would make the shock train propagate upstream to the isolator entry in about10–15 ms,four lower throttling mass rates were tested,including 30%,25%,20%,and 10%.All of these throttling mass rates could ignite ethylene.However,combustion performances varied with them.A higher throttling mass rate made more ethylene combust and produced higher wall pressure.Through these experiments,some aspects of the relationships between ignition,flame stabilization,combustion efficiency,and air-throttling parameters were brought to light.These results could also be a benchmark for CFD validation.     

A New Probabilistic Transformation in Generalized Power Space

The mapping from the belief to the probability domain is a controversial issue, whose original purpose is to make (hard) decision, but for contrariwise to erroneous widespread idea/claim, this is not the only interest for using such mappings nowadays. Actually the probabilistic transformations of belief mass assignments are very useful in modern multitarget multisensor tracking systems where one deals with soft decisions, especially when precise belief structures are not always available due to the existence of uncertainty in human being's subjective judgments. Therefore, a new probabilistic transformation of interval-valued belief structure is put forward in the generalized power space, in order to build a subjective probability measure from any basic belief assignment defined on any model of the frame of discernment. Several examples are given to show how the new transformation works and we compare it to the main existing transformations proposed in the literature so far. Results are provided to illustrate the rationality and efficiency of this new proposed method making the decision problem simpler.     

空中乘务专业学生职业素质能力的构成与培养途径

结合空中乘务专业学生职业素质能力构成的思想、专业以及行为素质能力三方面的要求,阐述了职业素质的内涵.通过分析该专业职业素质能力构成,探索提高高职院校空中乘务专业学生的职业素质能力的新途径.