Procedure and methodologies for managing the risk of space object reentry

This paper proposes a procedure for managing the risk of reentering space objects and risk assessment methodologies used for the process. The proposed procedure comprises three phases encompassing the whole reentry stages of space objects. Mathematical models for assessing the impact risk of the reentering space objects by utilizing the information available during different risk management phases and the recommended risk analysis results for public communication are presented. The concept of the conditional casualty expectation is proposed as the metric representing the reentry risk and the method to compute its profile is introduced. A case study on the risk management procedure with the dataset on an actual reentry event is conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed procedure.     

Soldier Identification System utilizing low probability ofintercept (LPI) techniques

This paper documents the design of a laser/radio frequency (RF) Soldier Identification (ID) System developed by Dynetics, Inc., Harris, Corp., and the US Army Communications and Electronics Command (CECOM). The Soldier ID system includes an Interrogation Unit with a programmable activation code. The Interrogation Unit consists of a directive, eye-safe laser and a spread-spectrum RF transceiver. This allows for a low probability of intercept (LPI) interrogation, which is of interest during covert operations. A Responder Unit is worn, for example, by a soldier and transmits an LPI spread-spectrum RF response, only after receiving the proper interrogation codes. The basic subsystems for the identification system are a Laser Interrogation Unit, an RF Responder Unit, and an electronic Programming Unit. The operating principles for the subsystem are reviewed, and the design issues are discussed. In addition to the preliminary design performed under Phase I of the program, a breadboard system was developed to validate the proof-of-principle concept. Hardware implementation is reviewed and test results are presented. The brassboard development and engineering plans are also presented     

Extension of analytical indicial aerodynamics to generic trapezoidal wings in subsonic flow

Analytical indicial aerodynamic functions are calculated for several trapezoidal wings in subsonic flow, with a Mach number 0.3 Ma 0.7. The formulation herein proposed extends wellknown aerodynamic theories, which are limited to thin aerofoils in incompressible flow, to generic trapezoidal wing planforms. Firstly, a thorough study is executed to assess the accuracy and limitation of analytical predictions, using unsteady results from two state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics solvers as cross-validated benchmarks. Indicial functions are calculated for a step change in the angle of attack and for a sharp-edge gust, each for four wing configurations and three Mach numbers. Then, analytical and computational indicial responses are used to predict dynamic derivatives and the maximum lift coefficient following an encounter with a one-minus-cosine gust. It is found that the analytical results are in excellent agreement with the computational results for all test cases. In particular, the deviation of the analytical results from the computational results is within the scatter or uncertainty in the data arising from using two computational fluid dynamics solvers. This indicates the usefulness of the developed analytical theories.     

Turbo码在慢衰落信道中的性能分析及应用

针对慢衰落信道的特点,提出了在衰落信道中Turbo码的构造方法;分析了慢衰落信道特性及其对Turbo码性能的影响;仿真结果表明,Turbo码在这种信道中可以获得接近极限的性能,适于在慢衰落信道中的应用.     

TCM在卫星高速数据传输系统中的应用研究

提出了把网格编码调制(TCM)应用于卫星高速数据传输系统中的思想,讨论了TCM集分割原理、维特比译码技术,给出了用TMS320C54X进行维特比译码的DSP实现,并对TCM系统在AWGN信道中的性能进行了仿真.     

窄条翼布局导弹摇滚特性及流动机理

钝头体窄条翼布局导弹在大攻角下拥有极为优异的纵向气动特性,但横向容易失稳,做快速机动时容易诱发非指令的横向不稳定运动。通过开展高速风洞自由摇滚试验和数值模拟,研究了窄条翼导弹自由摇滚特性和流动机理,试验与计算吻合较好。研究发现:较大迎角时,窄条翼面积中心距离尾舵前缘根部5~6倍直径时,模型会进入极限环摇滚,窄条翼位置对模型稳定性有显著的影响,去掉窄条翼或尾舵时,模型均不会进入摇滚;模型空间流场特性表明,气流经过窄条翼时形成的片涡,对背风舵产生强烈的干扰,抑制了尾舵涡的形成和发展,使背风舵动态失稳,导致模型进入极限环摇滚。     

轨道分子屏极高真空实验室设计技术研究

给出了一种新型的近地轨道极高真空分子屏实验室设计。作者计算了可变翼分子屏周围大气分子的入射及散射、分子屏材料放气在屏内的分子数流密度。通过调整分子屏的翼角,分子屏内的压力可以达到10-12Pa。计算结果指出:在近地轨道选择合适的分子屏参数,可以在极高真空环境下加工超纯材料。     

Cr12MoV钢电火花辅助铣削实验研究

以典型难切削金属材料Cr12MoV模具钢为研究对象,使用ABAQUS对其在电火花放电条件下温度场进行数值模拟,在不同进给率下对其进行传统铣削和电火花辅助铣削对比试验。借助高速摄像机、扫描电镜和测力计等设备,对其切削力特征、表面形貌和刀具磨损进行了对比分析研究。结果表明,电火花辅助铣削的切削力比传统铣削降低28.57%～51.47%,表面粗糙度降低2/3。与传统铣削相比,电火花辅助铣削在降低切削力、提高表面质量和减少刀具磨损方面具有显著优势。     

基于多机协作的认知无人机网络能效联合优化

针对无人机（UAV）通信网络中频谱资源紧缺的问题,构建基于认知无线电的多无人机通信网络,通过多机协作频谱感知有效探索授权频谱。提出一种基于Bisection算法的迭代算法,通过联合优化感知时间和判决门限对构建的复杂非凸问题求解,显著提高了无人机次级认知网络的能量效率（EE）。分析了无人机飞行过程中能效的变化情况,仿真结果表明,存在最优感知时间使能效获得最大值,且判决门限的选择会影响该能效最优值;提出的高能效迭代算法具有较好收敛性,有效提高了认知无人机网络的能量利用率。     

低低卫-卫跟踪重力测量物理模型及部分姿轨控技术需求

文章从低低卫-卫跟踪(SST-LL)重力测量的基本物理思想出发,导出了SST-LL重力测量的物理模型,并由此确定了SST-LL重力测量所需要的观测量;从重力测量对低低孪星的编队要求出发,得出了孪星轨道的平均半长轴之差最低控制需求,导出了卫星姿态俯仰角控制与孪星到地心的距离、及与孪星沿迹相对距离的关系,并估算了孪星两次编队保持机动的时间间隔。