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591.
A set of algorithms is presented for finding the best set of K mutually exclusive paths through a trellis of N nodes, with worst-case computation time bounded by N 3log n for a fixed-precision computation. The algorithms are based on a transformation of the K-path trellis problem into an equivalent minimum-cost network flow (MCNF) problem. The approach allows the application of efficient MCNF algorithms, which can obtain optimal solutions orders of magnitude faster than the algorithm proposed by J.K. Wolf et al. (1989). The resulting algorithms extend the practicality of the trellis formulation (in terms of required computations) to multiobject tracking problems with much larger numbers of targets and false alarms. A response by Wolf et al. is included 相似文献
592.
593.
R. E. Wilson 《Space Science Reviews》1989,49(3-4):191-203
Evidence on the issues of whether the W Serpentis stars are a coherent class, and how they may interface with the Algol systems, is reviewed, with emphasis on the idea that they are semi-detached systems in the latter part of the rapid phase of mass transfer, with optically and geometrically thick disks of transferred gas around the (now) more massive star. We are interested in what will be seen when the gas clears away, and mainly examine the idea that it will be an Algol-type system. More particularly, consideration is given to centrifugally limited accretion as a mechanism to build up a substantial disk, and the presumed evolutionary sequence is from a W Ser to a rapidly rotating Algol to a normal Algol system. Systems such as V367 Cyg and RW Tau fit into this scheme only with difficulty. Because it is extremely difficult to measure the rotation of some W Ser (mass) primaries, it is natural to look at the rotation statistics of Algols to test this idea. The badly behaved light curves and spectroscopy of some Algols (eg. U Cep, RZ Sct) may be attributable to the double contact condition, and the ramifications of this possibility are discussed. If so, the rotation statistics of Algols should show two spikes, corresponding to the two special conditions into which a system should be driven by tidal braking and centrifugally limited spinup. Present rotation statistics do show these spikes. Algols should flip between these states fairly quickly, depending on the mass transfer rate. Thus, to the extent that the meager statistics can be accepted as meaningful, the new (fourth) morphological type of close binary (double contact) has attained demonstrable reality. The rotation statistics are presented in terms of a particular rotation parameter, R, which is zero for synchronism and unity for the centrifugal limit. Future work should develop rotation statistics to see if the rotational lobe-filling (R = 1) spike persists. It should also look into whether W Ser primaries are on the hydrogen burning main sequence, or in general what they are. We also need more light curves of W Ser type systems, high resolution line profiles for the (mass) primaries (with particular attention to the W Ser-Algol transition cases), and spectroscopy of low inclination W Serpentis systems, such as KX And. 相似文献
594.
595.
596.
G. J. Peters 《Space Science Reviews》1989,49(3-4):9-22
The circumstellar plasma that produces H emission in Algol binaries has been investigated using phase-resolved, high dispersion data acquired from CCD and image tube detectors. Results are summarized in this paper, including discussions of the disk geometry and size, asymmetry in the distribution of material, long-term or non-phase dependent variability, mass outflow, the mean electron density, and how the latter properties vary with the system's period or location in the r-q diagram. Five systems which display permanent emission with periods ranging from 4.5 to 261 days (SW Cyg, UX Mon, TT Hya, AD Her, and RZ Oph) are intercompared. If P < 4.5 days, no permanent disks are observed, while if P > 6 days, stable disks with only slight long-term variations in their H brightness are seen. The most variable systems appear to be those in the 5 – 6 day range, but the star's position in the r-q diagram has the largest influence on its behavior. The trailing side of the accretion disk, where the gas stream impacts the inner disk, is usually brighter, and the leading side is often times more extended. The disk extends out to at least 95% of the Roche surface of the primary and is highly flattened (RP). Mass outflow near phase 0.5 is commonplace. 相似文献
597.
I. Hubeny 《Space Science Reviews》1989,49(3-4):117-126
A brief review of various theoretical approaches to model accretion disks is presented. Emphasis is given to models that determine self-consistently the structure of a disk together with the radiation field. It is argued that a proper treatment of the vertical structure is essential for calculating theoretical spectra to be compared with observations. In particular, it is shown that hot layers above an accretion disk (sometimes called disk chromospheres or coronae), whose presence is indicated by recent UV observations of strong emission lines of highly ionized species, may be explained using simple energy balance arguments.1987–88 JILA Visiting Fellow.This work was in part supported by a NASA grant ADP U-003-88 (Plavec and Hubeny). I also wish to thank the organizers of the IAU Colloquium 107 for the travel grant which enabled me to attend the meeting. 相似文献
598.
Performance prediction for a detection system employing noncoherent integration is carried out for a chi-square family of fluctuating targets in K -distributed clutter plus noise. The detection performance for Swerling 11 targets in the K -distributed clutter plus noise is compared with that in exponentially correlated Rayleigh clutter. The results show that the performance prediction based on N pulses integrated in clutter plus noise using the K -distributed clutter model may be approximately equivalent to that using the exponentially correlated Rayleigh-distributed clutter model 相似文献
599.
Application of digital cross-correlation spectroscopy to the spectra of the W Serpentis binaries SX Cas and RX Cas has allowed an accurate determination of the orbits and rotations of the (mass-losing) K-subgiant secondary components. The distortion of the primary radial-velocity curves due to the influence of the prominent accretion disks in these systems has been modelled to first order. This enables us to estimate k 1, and thereby the mass ratio q ≈ 0.30, to within ~ ± 20%. The absolute radii of the secondaries are derived independently from the observed rotations and periods, assuming synchronous rotation. They show that the stars fill their Roche lobes, or at least very nearly so. Rough fits to the available photometry shows both primaries to be unevolved mid-B stars; that in RX Cas appears completely obscured by the disk. Preliminary spectroscopic data for W Ser and W Cru show some promise for similar analyses of these systems. 相似文献
600.
The ordered-statistics (OS) constant false-alarm rate (CFAR) is relatively immune to the presence of interfering targets among the reference cells used to determine the average background. OS CFAR performance in a multitarget environment was previously studied by simulation. The author obtains analytic expressions for the added detection loss, assuming strong interfering targets. The real target is assumed to be a Rayleigh fluctuating target. Numerical examples are included 相似文献