Book reviews

Space Science Reviews -     

角速度可控的五坐标NURBS插补方法实现(英文)

在复杂形体零部件的高速高精数控加工方面,五坐标数控机床起着非常重要的作用。为了适应高速加工的需要,提出了一种用于机床五坐标加工的非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)插补指令。采用该插补指令进行数控加工时,为了获取实时加工过程中的刀位矢量,开放式控制器以相邻刀位矢量间的夹角为参数构造方位B样条曲线。构造映射插补过程中位置曲线弧长和方位矢量角度的多项式曲线,利用该曲线实现线性轴速度及旋转轴速度的同步控制。详细介绍了该插补指令的算法流程及其在开放式控制器中的实现过程。最后,通过加工实例验证了该插补指令的性能。     

Effects of Machine Tool Configuration on Its Dynamics Based on Orthogonal Experiment Method

In order to analyze the influence of configuration parameters on dynamic characteristics of machine tools in the working space, the configuration parameters have been suggested based on the orthogonal experiment method. Dynamic analysis of a milling machine, which is newly designed for producing turbine blades, has been conducted by utilizing the modal synthesis method. The finite element model is verified and updated by experimental modal analysis (EMA) of the machine tool. The result gained by modal synthesis method is compared with whole-model finite element method (FEM) result as well. According to the orthogonal experiment method, four configuration parameters of machine tool are considered as four factors for dynamic characteristics. The influence of configuration parameters on the first three natural frequencies is obtained by range analysis. It is pointed out that configuration parameter is the most important factor affecting the fundamental frequency of machine tools, and configuration parameter has less effect on lower-order modes of the system than others. The combination of configuration parameters which makes the fundamental frequency reach the maximum value is provided. Through demonstration, the conclusion can be drawn that the influence of configuration parameters on the natural frequencies of machine tools can be analyzed explicitly by the orthogonal experiment method, which offers a new method for estimating the dynamic characteristics of machine tools.     

Study on Compressive Properties of Z-pinned Laminates in RTD and Hygrothermal Environment

Compressive tests of [0] 12 and [90] 12 unidirectional laminates and [45/0/-45/90] 2S quasi-isotropic laminates are accomplished in both room-temperature and dry (RTD) and hygrothermal environment. And simulation studies on the compressive strength of Z-pinned laminates of [0] 12 and [45/0/-45/90] 2S are conducted by using finite element analysis (FEA). A microstructural unit cell for FEA is created to simulate a representative laminates unit with one pin. Within the unit cell, the first directions of the elements’ material coordinate systems are changed to simulate the fibres’ deflecting around the pin. The hygrothermal effect is simulated by the material properties’ adjustments which are determined by the compressive tests of non-pined laminates. The experimental results indicate that the percentage of reduction in the compressive modulus of Z-pinned laminates caused by Z-pin becomes smaller with the percentage of 0° fibres decreasing in the laminates; the compressive strength of quasi-isotropic laminates reduces and the percentage of the reduction in the compressive strength declines with Z-pin volume content increasing, and the moisture absorption ratio of the Z-pinned specimens is greater than that of the non-pinned specimens, because the cracks around Z-pin increase the moisture absorption. In addition, the simulations show that the deflection of fibres around Z-pin is the main factor for the reduction in the compressive strength of Z-pinned unidirectional laminates, the dilution of fibre volume content caused by resin-rich pocket is the principal factor for the decline in the compressive strength of Z-pinned quasi-istropic laminates, and the compressive strength of Z-pinned specimens in hygrothermal environment reduces as the result of superimposition of some factors, including the changes in material properties caused by hygrothermal environment, the deflection of fibres and the resin-rich pocket caused by Z-pin.     

Corrosion Properties of Light-weight and High-strength 2195 Al-Li Alloy

The intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion of 2195 Al-Li alloy treated by multi-step heating-rate controlled aging (MSRC) are studied. The corrosion features of 2195 Al-Li alloys which are respectively treated by high-temperature nucleation MSRC (H-M) and low-temperature nucleation MSRC (L-M) are contrasted. And the corrosion mechanism of 2195 Al-Li alloy is also discussed from the viewpoint of microstructure (types, distribution, etc.) of the strengthening phase. The results show that 2195 Al-Li alloy after H-M is more susceptible to intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion than that of alloy after L-M. The degree of intergranular corrosion increases with the increase of predeformation amount and the surface parallel to the rolling direction is more prone to exfoliation corrosion. The main reason of intergranular corrosion and exfoliation corrosion is the for-mation of corrosion galvanic couples among T1 phase, ?θ’ phase and grain boundary precipitate-free zones (PFZ).     

斜齿轮传动的动态特性分析

 推导了求解齿轮传动系统动态响应的Fourier级数方法,在处理复杂传动系统时大大简化了计算,又保留了系统的参变和整体特性。通过斜齿轮传动动态实验,获得了齿轮副的相对振动速度和传动误差,从而证明了Fourier方法的准确性和可靠性。     

Assessment of the suitability of public mobile data networks for aircraft telemetry and control purposes

This paper provides a review of the state of the art of relevant work on the use of public mobile data networks for aircraft telemetry and control proposes. Moreover, it describes the characterisation for airborne uses of the public mobile data communication systems known broadly as 3G. The motivation for this study was to explore how this mature public communication systems could be used for aviation purposes. An experimental system was fitted to a light aircraft to record communication latency, line speed, RF level, packet loss and cell tower identifier. Communications was established using internet protocols and connection was made to a local server. The aircraft was flown in both remote and populous areas at altitudes up to 8500 ft in a region located in South East Queensland, Australia. Results show that the average airborne RF levels are better than those on the ground by 21% and in the order of −77 dbm. Latencies were in the order of 500 ms (1/2 the latency of Iridium), an average download speed of 0.48 Mb/s, average uplink speed of 0.85 Mb/s, a packet of information loss of 6.5%. The maximum communication range was also observed to be 70 km from a single cell station. The paper also describes possible limitations and utility of using such communications architecture for both manned and unmanned aircraft systems.