Sensitivity analysis of dual-satellite geolocation

An analytic solution is presented for the linearized estimation problem arising from the dual-satellite geolocation of the source of a narrowband signal using time- and frequency-difference-of-arrival (TDOA and FDOA, respectively) observations and an altitude constraint. This solution is used to analyze the covariance matrix of the resultant source location estimate, along with the sensitivity of its mean to errors in the presumed source altitude and velocity, and the measured or predicted positions and velocities of the satellites. Following the practice of differential Global Positioning System, the technique of differential calibration is used to reduce or eliminate various sources of solution bias which would otherwise require tight, and consequently expensive, individual calibration     

Probing Solar Subsurface Magnetic Fields

Helioseismology uses solar p-mode oscillations to probe the structure of the solar interior. The modifications of p-mode properties due to the presence of solar magnetic fields provide information on the magnetic fields in the solar interior. Here we review some of results in helioseismology on the magnetic fields in the solar convection zone. We will also discuss a recent result on the magnetic fields at the base of the convection zone. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

考虑框架伺服特性时SGCMG系统操纵律设计

在单框架控制力矩陀螺(SGCMG)系统操纵律的设计中,通常假定框架伺服系统具有理想的伺服跟踪性能.然而,框架伺服系统有限的带宽和实际存在的各种扰动力矩都会使其跟踪性能下降.为抑制SGCMG框架伺服特性对操纵性能的影响,设计了一种新型操纵律.该操纵律综合考虑了SGCMG系统运动学和动力学特性,可以根据航天器姿态控制给出的角动量(或力矩)指令,直接计算出每个SGCMG框架驱动系统所需的控制力矩.由于操纵律没有算法奇异,在SGCMG系统不出现运动奇异的情况下,可使操纵误差指数收敛至零.同时,操纵律形式简单,易于实现.应用在航天器上的某4-SGCMG系统的仿真结果表明,上述操纵律是可行的.      

Determination of epsomite-hexahydrite equilibria by the humidity-buffer technique at 0.1 MPa with implications for phase equilibria in the system MgSO4-H2O

Epsomite (MgSO(4).7H(2)O) and hexahydrite (MgSO(4).6H(2)O) are common minerals found in marine evaporite deposits, in saline lakes as precipitates, in weathering zones of coal and metallic deposits, in some soils and their efflorescences, and possibly on the surface of Europa as evaporite deposits. Thermodynamic properties of these two minerals reported in the literature are in poor agreement. In this study, epsomite-hexahydrite equilibria were determined along four humidity-buffer curves at 0.1 MPa and between 25 and 45 degrees C. Results obtained for the reaction epsomite = hexahydrite + H(2)O, as demonstrated by very tight reversals along each humidity buffer, can be represented by ln K(+/- 0.012) = 20.001 - 7182.07/T, where K is the equilibrium constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin. The derived standard Gibbs free energy of reaction is 10.13 +/- 0.07 kJ/mol, which is essentially the same value as that calculated from vapor pressure measurements reported in the literature. However, this value is at least 0.8 kJ/mol lower than those calculated from the data derived mostly from calorimetric measurements.     

级联影响分析方法在EE舱通风冷却失效影响定级中的应用

民用飞机电子设备舱(EE舱)通风冷却功能是保证舱内各系统的电子设备安全、正常工作的基础功能。随着民用飞机航电系统集成化程度的不断提高,越来越多系统的电子设备放置在EE舱内,通风冷却功能也越来越重要。若通风冷却功能失效,如何确定电子设备舱内设备工作情况、如何确定失效设备对飞机的影响、如何确定该失效模式的影响等级,这些问题急需解决。通过制定确定失效场景、判断直接影响、分析间接影响和分析全机综合影响的原则,研究基于级联影响分析技术的EE舱通风冷却功能失效影响定级问题。通过分析EE舱通风冷却系统架构和功能,确定通风冷却功能失效机理,定义通风冷却失效场景。通过级联影响分析技术,分析通风冷却失效对全机系统和整机的影响,适用于通风冷却失效全机综合安全性评估,为通风冷却功能失效影响定级提供技术支撑。