Y型阵三维瞬时测距无源定位方法及精度分析

提出了一种干涉仪体制下Y型阵列对三维辐射源的瞬时定位方法。该方法基于球面波前模型,利用无模糊相位差测量量,能够实现对雷达辐射源的单脉冲定位。推导了定位方程,分析了该方法的理论定位精度,计算得到GDOP等值线图,并通过Monte—Carlo仿真验证了其有效性和正确性,最后给出了相位差解模糊的工程实现方法并进行了仿真验证。     

超声速燃烧气动斜坡喷注器研究

为增强超声速燃烧过程的燃料混合,设计了通过喷嘴阵列形成流向涡强化混合的气动斜坡实验件.在直连式实验台上对气动斜坡实验件进行了纹影及油流谱等冷试实验研究.并采用大涡模拟(LES)方法数值模拟了超声速流场中气动斜坡的流动及燃烧特性.结果表明:气动斜坡喷注器的喷嘴阵列设计能有效加速喷流后流向涡的卷起,提高掺混特性;其燃烧过程也能使喷流形成的剪切层上抬,增进混合;由于喷流方向与主流方向夹角较小,总压损失也较物理斜坡、横向喷流等混合增强方式小.      

聚焦角度对空气中激光维持爆轰波的影响

吸气式激光推进的激光能量沉积过程主要发生在激光支持的爆轰波（LSD波）的形成与演化阶段,分析LSD波的传播规律和影响因素对揭示能量沉积机理起到基础性作用。利用纳秒四分幅高速相机和延长光路的纹影系统,拍摄了不同聚焦角度下CO₂激光经透镜聚焦击穿空气流场的纹影照片,结合一维理论公式分析了LSD波速度。结果表明：在本文的实验条件下,吸气式激光推进击穿空气经历了LSD波和激光支持的燃烧波（LSC波）两个阶段, LSD波阶段的持续时间约7.1 μs;3种聚焦角度下LSD波速度与理论公式预测的整体趋势比较吻合;聚焦角度越小,LSD波的初始速度越大,聚焦角度θ=4.29°时实验数据达到约14 km/s。     

黎曼流形的Delaunay三角化和Voronoi图

主要研究黎曼空间中Delaunay三角化和Voronoi图.首先,分析和讨论了黎曼流形的Delaunay三角化和Voronoi图的存在性和生成算法.然后,在分析已有研究成果基础上,给出了黎曼流形Delaunay三角化和Voronoi图的一些性质和证明,并提出了采用黎曼流形描述问题的必要性和使用坐标卡研究黎曼流形的优势和意义.最后,以二维流形为例,介绍了将模型初始数据解释为黎曼流形的算法,包括建立坐标卡,定义流形函数等.在黎曼流形定义的基础上,详细描述了基于坐标卡生成模型的Delaunay三角化和Voronoi图的算法,并给出具体实例.     

带帽单桩力学性状研究

基于弹性理论和假定荷载传递函数形式。对带帽单桩桩土相互作用进行线性分析。根据文献的思路和方法。推导出沉降、竖向应力、侧摩阻力等与荷载水平、深度之间的控制微分方程。采用微分方程的近似解法,得到了相应的解析表达式。直接利用试桩成果的桩顶荷载沉降笑系作为已知条件进行求解,所得结果能够反映带帽单桩桩土相互作用力学性状的一般规律。     

深空探测下行测距调制度变化的现象和机理分析

文章对统一S波段应答机下行测距调制度随上行信噪比以及工作模式的不同而不同的现象进行了分析,推导出计算公式,并和实测数据进行了比对。实测数据与文中的理论分析的结果是一致的。另外,文章也说明了测距下行调制度变化的具体计算公式将随不同应答机模型不同而不同。在设计计算时,应当对具体的应答机转发模型进行分析,而不能简单引用CCSDS标准所给出的公式。     

Interplanetary transfer of photosynthesis: an experimental demonstration of a selective dispersal filter in planetary island biogeography

We launched a cryptoendolithic habitat, made of a gneissic impactite inoculated with Chroococcidiopsis sp., into Earth orbit. After orbiting the Earth for 16 days, the rock entered the Earth's atmosphere and was recovered in Kazakhstan. The heat of entry ablated and heated the rock to a temperature well above the upper temperature limit for life to below the depth at which light levels are insufficient for photosynthetic organisms ( approximately 5 mm), thus killing all of its photosynthetic inhabitants. This experiment shows that atmospheric transit acts as a strong biogeographical dispersal filter to the interplanetary transfer of photosynthesis. Following atmospheric entry we found that a transparent, glassy fusion crust had formed on the outside of the rock. Re-inoculated Chroococcidiopsis grew preferentially under the fusion crust in the relatively unaltered gneiss beneath. Organisms under the fusion grew approximately twice as fast as the organisms on the control rock. Thus, the biologically destructive effects of atmospheric transit can generate entirely novel and improved endolithic habitats for organisms on the destination planetary body that survive the dispersal filter. The experiment advances our understanding of how island biogeography works on the interplanetary scale.     

Biomarker response to galactic cosmic ray-induced NOx and the methane greenhouse effect in the atmosphere of an Earth-like planet orbiting an M dwarf star

Planets orbiting in the habitable zone of M dwarf stars are subject to high levels of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), which produce nitrogen oxides (NOx) in Earth-like atmospheres. We investigate to what extent these NO(Mx) species may modify biomarker compounds such as ozone (O3) and nitrous oxide (N2O), as well as related compounds such as water (H2O) (essential for life) and methane (CH4) (which has both abiotic and biotic sources). Our model results suggest that such signals are robust, changing in the M star world atmospheric column due to GCR NOx effects by up to 20% compared to an M star run without GCR effects, and can therefore survive at least the effects of GCRs. We have not, however, investigated stellar cosmic rays here. CH4 levels are about 10 times higher on M star worlds than on Earth because of a lowering in hydroxyl (OH) in response to changes in the ultraviolet. The higher levels of CH4 are less than reported in previous studies. This difference arose partly because we used different biogenic input. For example, we employed 23% lower CH4 fluxes compared to those studies. Unlike on Earth, relatively modest changes in these fluxes can lead to larger changes in the concentrations of biomarker and related species on the M star world. We calculate a CH4 greenhouse heating effect of up to 4K. O3 photochemistry in terms of the smog mechanism and the catalytic loss cycles on the M star world differs considerably compared with that of Earth.     

二元混压式进气道窄缝形射流调节结构参数设计

针对窄缝形主动射流用于二元混压式超声速进气道再起动特性调节的结构参数设计,开展了大量定常数值模拟研究,得到了窄缝位置、宽度及喷射角度等结构参数对再起动特性的影响趋势,利用少量非定常算例验证了定常计算结果的准确性.结果表明:射流的注入使进气道产生超声速溢流,并出现可动气动喉道等新的再起动流场特征.约进气道流量1%的射流流量能产生约5%的溢流量,在溢流作用下,4.5%~11%的射流流量使进气道实现了再起动,射流流量越大,射流分离区也越大,进气道越难实现再起动.研究还发现:窄缝位置及宽度对射流溢流效率的影响很小,但窄缝位置存在一个有效作用范围,只有在距唇口35~65mm的位置注入射流,进气道才能实现再起动.射流喷射角对射流溢流效率的影响较大.射流喷射角越大,射流的溢流效率越高,再起动所需的射流流量及其范围也越小.      

燃烧室轴向长度对旋转爆震发动机性能的影响

采用氢氧单步化学反应模型,对以当量比为1.0的氢气空气预混气为反应物的旋转爆震发动机（RDE）进行了数值模拟,系统研究了燃烧室轴向长度对RDE性能的影响.通过详细分析燃烧室进出口气体状态参数,揭示了燃烧室轴向长度对发动机影响的内在机理.研究结果表明:燃烧室轴向长度过短时,爆震波的形成不够充分;在发动机推力中,动量推力占主要部分;在计算的燃烧室轴向长度范围内,发动机的比冲为5410~5566s,燃烧室轴向长度对发动机比冲的影响较小.