光纤光子纠缠增强陀螺的现状与认知

1996年,Bollinger等指出利用光子纠缠态NOON态可使干涉仪的相位测量精度相对于散粒噪声极限提高N倍,达到海森堡极限(Heisenberg Limit Measurement).2019年5月8日,奥地利科学家马蒂亚斯·芬克(Matthias Fink)团队在《New Journal of Physics》上报道了纠缠增强光子陀螺,其利用纠缠光源降低光子de-Broglie波长,实现了超过散粒噪声极限的相位测量.马蒂亚斯·芬克团队的研究成果在业界引起较大反响,并聚焦为光纤光子纠缠陀螺的研究热点.基于新型光纤光子纠缠增强陀螺的相关概念,对光纤光子纠缠增强陀螺的工作原理、理论可实现精度、国内外研究基础和现状等进行了收集梳理、学习分析、认知提升,进而在此基础上针对相关技术,如光子纠缠源、光子纠缠通量的增强抑衰、信息的逻辑采集处理解算、光子纠缠增强陀螺集成技术、光子纠缠陀螺系统验证技术等的创新推进提出了一些浅显看法以商榷.通过上述工作也期望能"抛砖引玉",为我国光纤光子纠缠增强陀螺技术的起步和未来的发展推广应用奠定基础,并激励广大研究者继续深入探索.     

Structural topology optimization under stationary random base acceleration excitations

Structural topology optimization subjected to stationary random base acceleration excitations is investigated in this paper. In the random response analysis, the Large Mass Method(LMM) which attributes artificial large mass values at each driven nodal Degree Of Freedom(DOF) to transforming the base acceleration excitations into force excitations is proposed. The Complete Quadratic Combination(CQC) which is commonly used to calculate the random responses in previous optimization has been proven to be computationally expensive especially for large-scale problems. In order to conquer this difficulty, the Pseudo Excitation Method(PEM) and the combined method of PEM and Mode Acceleration Method(MAM) are adopted into the dynamic topology optimization, and random responses are calculated using these two methods to ascertain a high efficiency over the CQC. A density-based topology optimization method minimizing dynamic responses is then formulated based on the integration of LMM and PEM or the combined method of PEM and MAM. Numerical examples are presented to verify the accuracy of the proposed schemes in dynamic response analysis and the quality of the optimized design in improving dynamic performance.     

高温化学非平衡湍流边界层脉动量象限分析

高超声速飞行器在较低空域以极高马赫数飞行时，表面会同时存在湍流与化学非平衡流动，但目前针对此类高温化学非平衡湍流边界层流动特性的研究工作还比较有限，对不同湍流特征的主导流动机制的认识还有待于进一步深入。选取高超声速楔形体头部斜激波后的流动状态，设置3种不同的壁面温度，通过直接数值模拟对比了不同壁温条件下的边界层参数分布特性，并采用象限分解技术分析了边界层不同象限流动事件对雷诺剪切应力、湍流热流、湍流质量扩散的贡献。结果显示：在整个边界层中上抛和下扫运动对雷诺剪切应力的贡献占优；冷壁效应会使得流向和法向湍流热流通量的主导流动事件在温度峰值两侧发生改变。O原子组分流向湍流组分扩散主要受到高质量分数流体慢速运动事件和低质量分数流体快速运动事件的影响，而法向湍流组分扩散则主要受到高质量分数流体向上运动事件和低质量分数流体向下运动事件的影响。     

Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

Dynamic performance of a C/C composite finger seal in a tilting mode

The complex operating state of aeroengines has an impact on the performance of finger seals.However,little work has been focused on the issue and the dynamic performance of finger seals is also rarely studied.Therefore,a distributed mass equivalent model considering working conditions is proposed in this paper for solving the existing problems.The effects of the fiber bundle density and the preparation direction of the fiber bundle of a C/C composite on the dynamic performance of a finger seal are investigated in rotor tilt based on the proposed model.The difference between the C/C composite finger seal performances under the rotor precession and nutation tilt cases is also investigated.The results show that the fiber bundle density and the preparation direction of the fiber bundle have an influence on the dynamic performance of the finger seal as rotor tilt is considered,and the dynamic performance of the finger seal is different in the two kinds of tilting modes.In addition,a novel method for design of finger seals is presented based on the contact pressure between finger boots and the rotor.Finger seals with good leakage rates and low wear can be acquired in this method.     

Dual-frequency carrier smoothed code filtering with dynamical ionospheric delay modeling

In GNSS applications, carrier-smoothed-code is a widely used technique to combine code pseudo-range and carrier phase measurements. A dynamical ionospheric delay modeling method is proposed based on Kalman filter and least-squares theory. The level of the process noise is adaptively tuned along with the real-time KF state estimation, based on the online variance component estimation method. Meanwhile, the correlations of the time differenced carrier phase measurements are considered. This approach avoids overly optimistically evaluating the estimate and improves the transient accuracy of the estimates. A real GPS dataset is employed to check the performance of the proposed method under different conditions. The results show that the new algorithm can model the ionospheric delay variation well with different sampling intervals or even in ionospheric abnormal environment. The positioning accuracy can be confirmed, about 21%, 35% and 16% better are obtained in the N, E, and U direction than raw dataset.     

垫板装配尺寸对铝蜂窝切割机精度的影响

铝蜂窝夹层板在航天航空领域有着广泛的应用,其芯子材料是铝蜂窝叠层块经切割并展开后得到的蜂窝铝芯,因此,蜂窝叠层块的切割尺寸精度直接影响蜂窝夹层结构的尺寸精度。本课题组设计了一台铝蜂窝叠层块切割机,本文通过调整铝蜂窝叠层块切割机前后垫板的装配尺寸,并进行铝蜂窝叠层块切割实验,得到调整前后切割铝蜂窝叠层块的宽度尺寸公差。实验表明,铝蜂窝宽度尺寸精度受前后垫板装配尺寸影响。     

某卫星姿态角的确定和对测量部件的故障诊断

卫星三轴姿态的确定是对卫星进行姿态控制的基础,利用陀螺和红外敏感器互补的特性,并对测量所得到的数据进行处理,便可得到卫星姿态角的估计值。陀螺和红外地球敏感器是卫星姿态控制系统中关键的测量部件,两者的测量输出通过卫星运动学方程相关,有冗余关系,可以用于故障检测。本文对所设计的观测器进行了数值仿真,证实了其有效性,并直接利用所设计的观测器进行故障检测,首先得出陀螺和红外地球敏感器在各种故障下的输出残差曲线,然后分析陀螺和红外地球敏感器的不同故障对输出残差信号的不同影响,找出各种故障与不同输出残差的对应关系,从而确定发生故障的部件。     

类Starship飞行器大迎角动态特性数值研究

再入飞行器的动态稳定性是其任务成败的关键因素,因此有必要对新型类Starship飞行器大迎角动态特性进行深入研究。为辨识动导数,采用基于分区弹簧近似法动网格技术的非定常N-S方程求解器开展强迫振动的数值仿真。有限体积离散采用Roe格式及SST湍流模型,时间方向采用全隐式GMRES方法进行迭代求解。在高超声速弹道外形（Hyper ballistic shape,HBS）标模验证的基础上,获得了类Starship飞行器典型大迎角状态下不同飞行马赫数、重心位置、操纵面偏转角、迎角和减缩频率的俯仰动导数变化规律：典型状态下,俯仰动导数超声速时为负,亚声速时为正;随不同因素的变化,Ma=0.3和Ma=5.0时的俯仰动态特性差异明显;高速下操纵面上偏会导致阻尼减小,且后翼影响更显著。计算结果表明了本文方法在宽速域、大空域复杂外形飞行器动态特性辨识中的应用价值。