陶行知"大学之道"教育思想解读对当代高职教育的反思

陶行知的“大学之道”教育思想,是对传统的“学而优则仕”———“人上人”教育观念的否定,它是融德育、办学理念、校风、校训以及培养目标为一体的治学之道,也即是教育目的。这对我们今天的教育,特别是高等职业教育有着重大的启示。     

Zukauskas关系式用于微细管式预冷器适用性的评价与分析

为研究Zukauskas关联式在计算微细换热管束管外换热特性上的适用性,本文利用数值分析方法,在分析空气横掠微细管束换热特性基础上,发现空气横掠管束入口几排换热管的换热尤为强烈,温降过程沿着流动方向呈现由急变缓的特点,剧烈的温度变化造成Zukauskas关联式按照一般均物性方法计算时,计算结果偏高27%以上;对比分析可知,过于剧烈的温度变化使基于换热管束整体给出的对数平均温差作为平均换热温差的处理方法不再适用;根据空气温度变化的特点,按照流动方向将换热区域分成若干部分,再分别利用Zukauskas关联式计算,预测精度得到了极大改善,当换热区域划分成12部分时,平均计算偏差降为了5.8%,鉴于此,在计算骤冷条件下气体横掠管束换热特性时,建议采用适当的分区方法进行计算。     

Investigation on Thermal and Dimensional Stability of Epoxy Resin In-Situ Modified by Cyanate Ester Resin and Polydimethylsiloxane

The thermal and dimensional stability of epoxy resin (EP) in-situ modified by cyanate ester (CE) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are investigated by means of experiments and numerical simulation. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) are used to analyze the heat resistance of the modified EP. The dimensional stability is characterized by the volume shrinkage of the series PDMS/CE/EP obtained by the density method. The chemical structure of the PDMS/CE/EP is analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of TGA and DSC indicate that the thermal stability of PDMS/CE/EP decreases firstly and then increases with the increase in the amount of CE. The addition of PDMS shows a slight effect on the thermal stability. The 40% CE makes the blending system exhibit the lowest initial decomposition temperature, which reduces by 15.5% and 40.8% compared with pure EP and CE, respectively. The FTIR results suggested that the influence of CE on the thermal stability of the modified EP is mainly ascribed to the generation of oxazolidinone ring with low thermal stability and the increase in the triazine ring with high thermal stability. The volume shrinkage measurement results show that the introduction of CE and PDMS are both beneficial to the improvement of the dimensional stability of the blending systems. The in-situ addition of 80% CE shows the lowest volume shrinkage of 6.11%. The thermal stress distribution of PDMS/CE/EP generated during the solidification process is simulated by the finite element analysis. The results suggested that the introduction of 80% CE into EP results in the lowest thermal stress in the blending system, which indicates that the system has the lowest volume shrinkage, which agrees well with the experimental results.     

航磁补偿技术及补偿质量的评价方法

航磁补偿的目的是要消除飞机平台引入的干扰磁场,对于高精度航空磁探来说,磁补偿质量直接制约了探测效果。文章按照航磁补偿的执行步骤进行了飞机平台磁干扰建模、模型参数求解方法、补偿飞行方案。另外,为了对补偿飞行的质量进行有效控制,采用量化指标对磁补偿效果进行评价,判定补偿效果的优劣。最后,基于 MFC软件平台开发了航磁补偿系数求解及补偿质量评价软件。     

鼠笼式弹性支承结构参数分步优化设计方法

为进一步提高鼠笼式弹性支承结构支承刚度设计的准确性,同时最大限度地减小鼠笼受到的最大应力,在相关研究的基础上,基于参数化建模思想,并结合有限元优化技术提出分步优化设计方法.采用鼠笼式弹性支承的刚度和应力计算公式并结合加工装配条件初定1组满足设计要求的结构参数值;建立鼠笼式弹性支承的有限元优化模型,并将初定的结构参数值代入到有限元优化模型作为优化的初始迭代值,同时以鼠笼笼条的长度和厚度为优化参数,经过迭代计算得到满足工程需求的结构参数.该方法可提高设计精度,节省设计时间.最后,结合具体算例验证了优化设计方法的有效性和实用性.     

激光微推进器用于微小卫星的姿轨控仿真

为研究激光微推进器用于微小卫星在轨空间飞行任务的可行性,利用已建立的激光推进微小卫星仿真平台,对微小卫星在轨姿态调整、轨道维持和轨道转移等飞行任务进行了仿真和分析。仿真结果表明,星载激光微推进器可满足在轨微小卫星的高控制精度姿态调整、近地观测轨道维持以及较长时间要求的轨道转移等空间任务对推进系统的要求。     

星敏感器误差分析与补偿方法

星敏感器是目前航天器精度最高的姿态测量部件,其误差是影响姿态确定系统精度的关键要素.依据误差频率特性,系统地对星敏感器误差进行分析,主要阐述星敏感器低频误差和高频误差产生的原因以及当前的抑制与补偿方法.在此基础上,根据星敏感器误差的特点,展望星敏感器低频误差以及高频误差抑制与补偿方法的发展趋势.     

防空导弹直接力／气动力复合控制系统设计

直接力和气动力复合控制技术是先进防空导弹对付高速机动目标、兼有反导能力以 及发 展成为动能拦截弹最现实有效的技术途径。针对力矩式复合控制方法,为减小由于弹体滚动 所引起的耦合影响,建立了俯仰－偏航通道短周期运动模型;在弹体慢旋条件下给出了参考 信号状态空间模型,利用线性二次型最优跟踪控制方法设计了复合控制姿态稳定系统,并基 于分离原理设计了参考信号状态观测器。仿真结果表明系统对制导指令的响应时间小于0.1 秒,对螺旋机动弹道目标的拦截脱靶量为0.34米,说明该复合控制方法具备直接碰撞目标的 能力。〖JP〗     

High precision and efficiency robotic milling of complex parts:Challenges,approaches and trends

Due to the advantages of large workspace, low cost and the integrated vision/force sensing, robotic milling has become an important way for machining of complex parts. In recent years,many scholars have studied the problems existing in the applications of robotic milling, and lots of results have been made in the dynamics, pose planning, deformation control etc., which provides theoretical guidance for high precision and high efficiency of robotic milling. From the perspective of complex parts r...     

轨道拦截问题的一种精确初制导方法研究

对于轨道拦截问题,给出了一种基于速度增益制导和状态转移矩阵的精确初制导方法。该初制导方法能补偿制导方法误差和轨道摄动对拦截脱靶量的影响。仿真结果表明,所提出的精确初制导方法合理、有效,能在增加较小燃料消耗的情况下,大大提高轨道拦截的制导精度。