基于三维激光扫描的蒙皮对缝检测研究

针对传统蒙皮对缝检测方法误差大、效率低等问题以及二维激光对缝检测的缺陷,采用了一种基于三维激光扫描蒙皮对缝的检测方法并开发出相应软件。提出了蒙皮对缝三维点云数据的去噪、临界点识别及提取方法,根据蒙皮对缝间隙阶差对气动外形的影响,分析其实际几何结构,与理论结构对比,提炼出了计算蒙皮对缝间隙阶差的数学模型,并通过对试验模拟件对缝的检测,验证了其计算精度。结果表明:该检测方法可行,与二维激光检测相比精度和重复精度更高,间隙测量精度达到0.04mm,阶差测量精度达到0.02mm,可以满足蒙皮对缝检测需求,为分析间隙阶差对装配质量的影响提供数值依据。     

静子开缝高度对高负荷两级风扇性能的影响

为了研究静子开缝高度对高负荷风扇性能的影响,根据风扇的流动特点,设计了在第二级静子叶根处开缝的流动控制方案,并提出了多种不同缝隙高度的静子开缝方案,通过计算对采取各种方案下的流场进行了分析。研究表明,缝隙射流可阻断静子吸力面气流的径向流动,吹除缝隙出口后的低速气流,从而达到扩稳的目的,设计转速下方案A的风扇稳定工作范围扩大了7.1%;在不同工况下静子开缝对角区气流分离和流动损失均有一定的控制效果,而在堵塞工况下,由于静子通道内流动分离较小,开缝射流的优点没有得到充分体现;在所研究的范围内,当开缝高度较低时,缝隙射流对角区分离和流动损失的控制能力较弱,而开缝高度的增加对控制叶根角区气流分离有利,对控制较大叶高处吸力面的气流分离不利。     

TC4钛合金筒形件热校形仿真分析

TC4钛合金筒形件室温弯曲成型后内应力大、回弹严重,难以达到工件要求的尺寸精度.采用热校形的方法可以消除工件内部残余应力,提高尺寸精度,热校形温度、保温时间和工件初始残余应力是影响热校形精度的重要工艺参数.通过建立筒形件热校形的顺序热力耦合有限元模型,分析了校形工艺参数对工件校形后残余应力和尺寸精度的影响,得出了筒形件...     

神经网络集成的分布式入侵检测方法

分布式入侵检测系统需具有分布式检测功能及部件增量更新能力.文中提出了一种基于神经网络集成的分布式入侵检测方法,采用单个Agent检测与多个Agent协同检测的两级集成算法实现分布式入侵检测;在发现新的入侵时,Agent上的神经网络集成采用基于资源分配网的增量学习算法进行更新.实验结果表明,该算法能有效检测各种攻击,并且具有对未知攻击的增量学习能力.     

多维系统测量的误差分析计算

多维系统测量参数众多,系统误差分析比较复杂。本文归纳给出多维系统测量误差分析计算方法措施,并给出算例。     

A variational Bayesian-based robust adaptive filtering for precise point positioning using undifferenced and uncombined observations

In the application of precise point positioning (PPP), especially in the dynamic mode, the classical Kalman filter (KF) usually produces a large number of estimation errors or diverges when there are gross errors in the observation data or unexpected turbulences occur in target motion state or both of them. For such problem, a variational Bayesian (VB)-based robust adaptive Kalman filtering (VB-RAKF) is proposed in this paper. This filter introduces a classification robust equivalent weight function to resist observation gross error and the inverse Wishart prior to model inaccurate process noise covariance matrix (PNCM). To improve the instantaneous accuracy of state estimation, the VB approach is used to obtain better estimations of inaccurate PNCM. Several sets of observation data collected by IGS reference stations and vehicles are employed to check the robustness and positioning accuracy of the VB-RAKF model. The results show that the VB-RAKF algorithm is more robust than the KF, and can effectively resist the gross error in observation data and control state disturbance. In the IGS reference station tests, when compared to the KF, the static positioning accuracies of the VB-RAKF in the north, east and up directions are improved by 13%, 8% and 22%, respectively, and the simulated dynamic positioning accuracies of the VB-RAKF in the north, east and up directions are improved by 19%, 9% and 21%, respectively. The in-vehicle dynamic test verifies that the VB-RAKF outperforms the KF, and shows that the VB-RAKF has better performance than the KF when dealing with observation data which has obvious gross errors, and similar performance as the KF when gross errors are small.     

惠斯通电桥式压力传感器温度补偿电路设计

基于惠斯通电桥式压力传感器桥阻随温度变化的特性,电路设计通过利用桥阻随温度变化、桥路电压也随之改变的特性,完成对压力传感器的温度补偿。针对压力传感器灵敏度正温度系数-零位正温度系数、灵敏度正温度系数-零位负温度系数、灵敏度负温度系数-零位正温度系数、灵敏度负温度系数-零位负温度系数这四种情况进行补偿电路设计,并对传感器灵敏度温度补偿部分电路进行公式推导,选择合适的电路参数。计算结果表明,电路补偿达到理想效果。     

Robust three-dimensional path-following control for an under-actuated stratospheric airship

This paper proposes a robust three-dimensional (3-D) path-following controller for an under-actuated stratospheric airship in the presence of uncertainties. The resultant control system exhibits an inner-outer loop control structure. In the outer control loop, the path-following error dynamics is constructed in a moving Serret-Frenet frame and a new guidance law with the sideslip and attack angle compensation is designed, which decreases the path-following steady-state error. In the inner control loop, a disturbance observer based backstepping control law is proposed to achieve the desired dynamic behavior on the path. Furthermore, a new velocity tracking control strategy is developed which aligns the resultant velocity tangent to the path. Finally, numerical simulation results are shown to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

基于机器视觉的万用表数字识别技术研究

为提高手持式数字万用表校准系统的自动化水平，本文通过研究图像灰度阈值法、传统方法的目标分类和深度学习三种不同类型的字符识别技术，提出了两种基于机器视觉的数字识别方案。测试结果显示，两种方案的字符识别准确率均可达到99.8%，但其在硬件资源占比、编程难易程度上二者还存在显著差异。该机器视觉字符识别功能的成功开发与应用，可为更多无程控通信接口的计量测试设备，及一些不适于人工作业的危险计量工作环境进行类似的数字识别提供借鉴。     

地基光学图像中本体-帆板结构航天器姿态估计方法

提出一种利用地基光学图像估计空间目标姿态的方法。针对本体-帆板结构航天器外形结构特点，定义了一种不易遮挡的两轴结构特征，设计了地基光学图像中该特征的提取方法；根据航天器成像过程建立了特征点二三维几何投影方程，实现了航天器三维姿态的解算。利用单站序列图像，可获得航天器姿态变化角速度信息。在轨航天器的试验结果表明，本方法能有效地从地基光学图像估计出航天器姿态。