腹部襟翼对飞翼布局飞行器起降气动特性的影响

以某飞翼布局飞行器为初始外形,利用数值模拟方法针对起降状态下腹部襟翼的安装位置及偏度进行了选型研究,并得到了腹部襟翼打开对升降舵舵效以及地面效应的影响规律。结果表明,当腹部襟翼位于重心后40%平均气动弦长时,在保持大迎角良好增升效果的同时对俯仰力矩的改变量也较小;随着腹部襟翼偏角变大,升力系数和阻力系数呈现出准线性增长,而俯仰力矩变化量较小,升降舵偏转1°左右即可配平;相比于腹部襟翼关闭状态,腹部襟翼打开后,升降舵舵效降低约6%,飞行器地面效应引起增升量变大,但纵向静稳定度有所降低。     

工艺参数对电弧增材制造2219铝合金微气孔缺陷的影响分析北大核心CSCD

微气孔是电弧增材制造2219铝合金面临的主要问题。采用Advanced CMT+P(变极性CMT+脉冲)熔滴过渡模式,研究了EP/EN(正负半周波数)、扫描速度、送丝速度等电弧增材工艺参数对成形2219铝合金微气孔缺陷的影响规律。结果表明:通过改变EP/EN、扫描速度、送丝速度等参数调控热输入可影响气孔率;在热输入较低时,气孔以形核和长大为主,随热输入增加微气孔数量增多、尺寸增大;在热输入较高时,气孔逸出开始占优,随热输入增加微气孔数量减少;在热输入低至230.5或高至439.5 J/mm时,平均气孔率均可降低至0.2%以下。     

Eliminating negative VTEC in global ionosphere maps using inequality-constrained least squares

Currently, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations of the International GNSS Service (IGS) are distributed unevenly around the world. Most of them are located on the mainland, while only a small part of them are scattered on some islands in the oceans. As a consequence, many unreasonable zero values (in fact negative values) appear in Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) of European Space Agency (ESA) and Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) IONEX products, especially in 2008 and 2009 when the solar activities were rather quiet. To improve this situation, we directly implement non-negative physical constraints of ionosphere for global ionosphere maps (GIM) with spherical harmonic functions. Mathematically, we propose an inequality-constrained least squares method by imposing non-negative inequality constraints in the areas where negative VTEC values may occur to reconstruct GIM models. We then apply the new method to process the IGS data in 2008. The results have shown that the new algorithm efficiently eliminates the unwanted behavior of negative VTEC values, which could otherwise often be seen in the current CODE and ESA GIM products in both middle and high latitude areas of the Southern Hemisphere (45°S∼90°S) and the Northern Hemisphere (50°N∼90°N). About 64% of GPS receivers’ DCBs have been significantly improved. Finally, we compare the GIM results between with and without the inequality constraints, which has clearly shown that the GIM result with inequality constraints is significantly better than that without the inequality constraints. The inequality-constrained GIM result is also highly consistent with the final IGS products in terms of root mean squared (RMS) and mean VTEC.     

基于GMF方法的捕风一号风速反演分析

全球尺度高时空分辨率海面风场探测是当前全球气象研究及预报预测领域的关注热点之一,传统海面风场探测技术存在测量区域有限,且受天气环境限制明显等问题.基于全球导航卫星系统-反射(GNSS-R)测量技术风速反演原理,以捕风一号1级数据产品为输入,欧洲中期天气预报中心再分析风速数据为参考风速,采用地球物理模型函数(GMF)方法...     

温差、温滞和温滞差对飞机大部件结合交点协调的影响

本文扼要介绍了有关文献中在温度变化影响协调误差方面的论点及其应用于分析和解决飞机大部件结合交点的协调问题尚存在的不足。分析了温滞和伪线膨胀系数之间的函数关系。针对典型协调路线及其伪线膨胀曲线导出综合考虑温差、温滞和温滞差的协调误差计算公式。给定一定条件,把温差、温滞和温滞差的影响区分开,从而揭示它们对协调误差分别的和综合的影响,以便采取针对性强而经济的控温方案和控温技术条件,提高飞机大部件结合交点的协调性。     

一种简单有效的层合板壳单元

本文通过修正普通四边形单元的横向剪切应变能而得到了一种新的四边形四节点壳单元(本文称之为L_3单元)。该单元每个节点有五个自由度,适用于各向同性、正交异性和层合板壳的线性、非线性及稳定性有限元分析。文中给出了各种类型板壳结构的算例。数值结果表明,该单元不仅公式简单、自由度少,而且具有令人满意的精度和收敛特性。     

气动计算软件集成系统中的远程控制

随着我国航空航天技术的飞速发展,气动计算软件集成技术日趋成熟,但用户在并行计算中需要手动输入的操作较多。鉴于此,通过编程开发了基于TCP／IP协议的FTP客户端应用程序,实现了对网格文件的信息采集、过滤并将其和参数、脚本文件等批量自动上传的功能。根据批处理文件中的命令,调用Windows平台自带的客户端Telnet,向远程集群管理节点发出命令,远程启动服务器集群的并行计算任务。最后,在客户端实现了远程控制服务器集群上的计算流体力学软件Fluent进行并行计算。结果表明：使用该远程控制系统能够减少用户输入操作,提高计算效率,保证数据的实时更新。     

A review of topology optimization for additive manufacturing: Status and challenges

Topology optimization was developed as an advanced structural design methodology to generate innovative lightweight and high-performance configurations that are difficult to obtain with conventional ideas. Additive manufacturing is an advanced manufacturing technique building as-designed structures via layer-by-layer joining material, providing an alternative pattern for complex components. The integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing can make the most of their advantages and potentials, and has wide application prospects in modern manufacturing. This article reviews the main content and applications of the research on the integration of topology optimization and additive manufacturing in recent years, including multi-scale or hierarchical structural optimization design and topology optimization considering additive manufacturing constraints. Meanwhile, some challenges of structural design approaches for additive manufacturing are discussed, such as the performance characterization and scale effects of additively manufactured lattice structures, the anisotropy and fatigue performance of additively manufactured material, and additively manufactured functionally graded material issues, etc. It is shown that in the research of topology optimization for additive manufacturing, the integration of material, structure, process and performance is important to pursue high-performance, multi-functional and lightweight production. This article provides a reference for further related research and aerospace applications.     

绿色技术创新对企业成长绩效的影响——基于研发投入强度的调节作用

随着我国经济的高速发展,生态问题日渐凸显.通过技术创新处理好经济发展和生态效益的关系成为实现绿色发展的内在要求.本文利用94家创业板制造业上市公司2014-2017年的数据,采用广义最小二乘法对绿色技术创新、研发投入强度与企业成长绩效之间的关系进行实证分析,探讨了绿色技术创新对企业成长绩效的直接影响,并对研发投入强度的...     

弹道导弹落点精度分析与仿真方法研究

通过对影响弹道导弹的落点精度的因素分类和影响分析,提出了利用仿真技术预测和修正弹道导弹落点偏差的方法。综合诸影响因素对导弹进行全弹道仿真试验设计和分析,为改进设计提供一定的依据。