钻地弹斜侵彻混凝土靶的工程计算模型

为了研究侵彻过程中钻地弹受力不对称性下的运动轨迹,结合动力学基本方程和经典空腔膨胀理论,基于层裂机理,建立了具有倾角和攻角相结合的卵形弹侵彻混凝土的工程模型。利用该模型得到了弹体头部运动轨迹与倾角、攻角以及速度的关系,结果表明侵彻深度随着倾角的增大而明显减小,弹体头部运动轨迹的弯曲弧度也越大;攻角越大,产生的偏转力矩越大。对工程模型进行试验验证,结果吻合较好,该模型能够有效地反映出斜侵彻过程的主要特征,进而说明该模型的适用性与合理性。     

面向复杂构型飞机的非定常气动力建模与辨识

不论是现代高机动隐身战斗机的设计需求还是常规布局飞机的飞行动力学分析,深入研究大迎角飞行时的非线性非定常气动力模型都极其重要。基于纵向运动小振幅及大振幅强迫振荡试验数据,分析了常规稳定导数模型的准确性,并从导数模型出发发展了简化涡流和分离流时间迟滞效应的非定常气动力线性模型和非线性模型,最后应用风洞典型机动历程模拟试验验证了模型的有效性。结果表明：对于复杂构型高机动飞机模型,发展并改进的非线性微分方程模型可以准确预测飞机不同机动下的非定常气动力特性,具有较强的工程可行性。     

基于Bayesian-MCMC估计的隐身飞机RCS模型优化

对隐身飞机的雷达散射截面(RCS)统计建模时,传统方法通过直接计算RCS样本的统计特征估计模型参数,可能会产生较大的拟合误差。本文提出采用贝叶斯-蒙特卡罗(Bayesian-MCMC )方法提高起伏模型的参数估计精度,从而减小模型的拟合误差。首先将卡方分布模型和对数正态分布模型进行贝叶斯推导,得到其特征参数的后验估计表达式。然后采用MCMC算法构造后验分布的马尔可夫链,从而计算特征参数的估计值。最后通过比较2种方法的拟合曲线及其误差可知,本文方法适用于2种起伏模型,模型参数的估计误差比收敛误差门限值低1~2个数量级,2种分布模型的拟合精度均提高50%以上。      

面向深空时变信道的数据传输策略

将呈现随机“好”、“坏”状态跳变的深空Ka频段链路噪声温度建模为两状态Gilbert-Elliot信道,考虑深空下行发送端只能获得延迟的信道状态信息（CSI）的限制,结合部分观测马尔科夫决策理论设计了基于延迟CSI预测信道状态的自适应最大化吞吐量传输策略。理论推导了在深空通信环境下最优传输策略的关键阈值,并给出了简化的闭合解计算式。通过地球-火星通信参数仿真,校验了该方案能有效提高吞吐量,提高文件传输效率。     

二氧化氮催化硝化甘油分解机理的数值计算

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）在B3LYP/6-31+G（d,p）水平上模拟计算了NO₂对硝化甘油（NG）催化分解的反应机理。通过与O—NO₂均裂、HNO₂分子内消去反应对比发现,NO₂分子对NG分解反应有显著的催化效应;NG的催化分解途径有α-H夺氢催化和β-H夺氢催化,计算得出2种途径的反应能垒分别为105.337 k J/mol和124.381 k J/mol,说明α-H夺氢催化更容易发生。     

一种无人机旋翼设计方法

为了提高多旋翼无人机的航时,本文提出了一种无人机旋翼设计方法.该方法根据给定的爬升速度、旋翼转速、拉力、旋翼直径、桨叶数、翼型,能够计算出最大力效旋翼的几何特性,包括弦长分布、桨叶角分布.利用该方法设计了某型无人机的旋翼,得到了桨叶角和弦长沿径向的分布.制作了旋翼模型,并且开展了旋翼台架试验.在不同转速下,测量出拉力、...     

Research on failure criterion of composite based on unified macro- and micro-mechanical model

A new unified macro- and micro-mechanics failure analysis method for composite structures was developed in order to take the effects of composite micro structure into consideration. In this method, the macro stress distribution of composite structure was calculated by commercial finite element analysis software. According to the macro stress distribution, the damage point was searched and the micro-stress distribution was calculated by reformulated finite-volume direct averaging micromechanics (FVDAM), which was a multi-scale finite element method for composite. The micro structure failure modes were estimated with the failure strength of constituents. A unidirectional composite plate with a circular hole in the center under two kinds of loads was analyzed with the traditional macro-mechanical failure analysis method and the unified macro- and micro-mechanics failure analysis method. The results obtained by the two methods are consistent, which show this new method’s accuracy and efficiency.     

Si3 N4 粉体的分散及表面改性

研究了以聚丙烯酸铵为分散剂的Si3N4悬浮体的分散特性,以及酸洗和热氧化两种表面改性方法对Si3N4悬浮体的分散性和流变特性的影响.结果表明:分散剂聚丙烯酸铵的最佳酸碱环境为pH=9,最佳使用含量为0.2wt％,酸洗可有效去除粉料中的金属杂质,使Si3N4粉体在悬浮体中粒径分布更集中且粒径主峰值向小粒径移动,同时可使悬浮体的黏度降低.热氧化处理可大幅度降低Si3N4悬浮体的黏度,提高其流变特性.     

Solar Wind Turbulence and the Role of Ion Instabilities

Solar wind is probably the best laboratory to study turbulence in astrophysical plasmas. In addition to the presence of magnetic field, the differences with neutral fluid isotropic turbulence are: (i) weakness of collisional dissipation and (ii) presence of several characteristic space and time scales. In this paper we discuss observational properties of solar wind turbulence in a large range from the MHD to the electron scales. At MHD scales, within the inertial range, turbulence cascade of magnetic fluctuations develops mostly in the plane perpendicular to the mean field, with the Kolmogorov scaling $k_{\perp}^{-5/3}$ for the perpendicular cascade and $k_{\|}^{-2}$ for the parallel one. Solar wind turbulence is compressible in nature: density fluctuations at MHD scales have the Kolmogorov spectrum. Velocity fluctuations do not follow magnetic field ones: their spectrum is a power-law with a ?3/2 spectral index. Probability distribution functions of different plasma parameters are not Gaussian, indicating presence of intermittency. At the moment there is no global model taking into account all these observed properties of the inertial range. At ion scales, turbulent spectra have a break, compressibility increases and the density fluctuation spectrum has a local flattening. Around ion scales, magnetic spectra are variable and ion instabilities occur as a function of the local plasma parameters. Between ion and electron scales, a small scale turbulent cascade seems to be established. It is characterized by a well defined power-law spectrum in magnetic and density fluctuations with a spectral index close to ?2.8. Approaching electron scales, the fluctuations are no more self-similar: an exponential cut-off is usually observed (for time intervals without quasi-parallel whistlers) indicating an onset of dissipation. The small scale inertial range between ion and electron scales and the electron dissipation range can be together described by $\sim k_{\perp}^{-\alpha}\exp(-k_{\perp}\ell_{d})$ , with α?8/3 and the dissipation scale ? _d close to the electron Larmor radius ? _d ?ρ _e . The nature of this small scale cascade and a possible dissipation mechanism are still under debate.     

在轨测试系统射频链路建模与组件实现

在通信卫星自动化在轨测试系统中,影响软件通用性的因素很多,其中之一是由于射频链路系统的复杂性和多样性。针对这个问题,具体地描述了在轨测试软件与射频链路紧耦合的原因,分析了在轨测试系统对射频链路的接口需求及系统的数据处理特点。在此基础上,建立了与测量频段无关的统一射频链路模型,有效地屏蔽了实际测试链路的个性特征。最后给出了采用.Net技术构建射频链路组件的方法。实践表明,利用该组件开发的在轨测试软件通用性良好。