电弧加热设备的类型及趋势

介绍了现有的应用于航天领域的电弧加热设备类型,包括叠片、管弧或涡稳、磁稳、感应以及磁等离子动力加热器.描述了主要的设备,同时对电弧加热设备的发展趋势进行了介绍.     

Heat transfer at various methods of thermal protection in the systems of power-driven gas turbine plants (GTP)

The scheme variants of implementing the thermal protection against heat flows being generated by the body of a high-temperature stationary gas turbine engine (GTE) are presented. The scheme of the experimental bench with a working section is given. Methodical approaches to the heat transfer calculation at different variants of forced and natural convection organization and under various operating conditions are described. The generalized results of the experiments carried out using a heat curtain being generated by porous injection are presented.     

我国航空市场支线飞机运营故障统计分析

对我国支线飞机以及运营在支线航线上的干线飞机在运行过程中产生的大量故障与可靠性数据进行收集,通过对已发生的重大故障或影响小的故障信息的整理、统计与分析,获得各相关机型侄运行过程中表现出来的故障特点,从而归纳出机型之间故障分布的共性,为飞机设计与改型提供需要重点关注的ATA章节建议,为我国自主研制的飞机设计与改型提供有益的参考。     

TIA前机载软件成熟度评估的相关研究

率先引入rFAA（美国联邦航空局）提出的软件成熟度的概念。局方正式签发TIA（型号检查核准书）前,在软件的构型和符合性均未达到最终冻结状态的情况下,通过对软件的成熟度进行有效评估,可以为验证试飞前软件的工程批准提供有力的支持与保障,在一定程度上降低局方飞行试验的风险,保障适航验证试飞活动的顺利开展。由于机载软件成熟度足一个新兴的概念,目前局方（FAA、CAAC）对于如何进行成熟度评估尚未形成正式的、通用的政策性指导文件,国内主机厂对此问题也没有相关的处理经验和具体的操作方法。基于机载软件本身的特点,参考局方在机载软件审查时的主要关注点,提出了TIA前机载软件成熟度评估的基本考虑要素与分析重点。     

基于CATIA的Formulas功能实现二次曲线的G2连续

首先简要概述了物面压力分布与物面外形之间的关系,进而介绍了飞机外形设计中经常用到的一类曲线-二次曲线,并推导出二次曲线G2连续的条件和公式,最后介绍了在CATIA中运用Formulas功能实现二次曲线G2连续的方法,并以实例将该方法应用到飞机外形设计中。     

Potential of salt-accumulating and salt-secreting halophytic plants for recycling sodium chloride in human urine in bioregenerative life support systems

This study addresses the possibility of growing different halophytic plants on mineralized human urine as a way to recycle NaCl from human wastes in a bioregenerative life support system (BLSS). Two halophytic plant species were studied: the salt-accumulating Salicornia europaea and the salt-secreting Limonium gmelinii. During the first two weeks, plants were grown on Knop’s solution, then an average daily amount of urine produced by one human, which had been preliminarily mineralized, was gradually added to the experimental solutions. Nutrient solutions simulating urine mineral composition were gradually added to control solutions. NaCl concentrations in the stock solutions added to the experimental and control solutions were 9 g/L in the first treatment and 20 g/L in the second treatment. The mineralized human urine showed some inhibitory effects on S. europaea and L. gmelinii. The biomass yield of experimental plants was lower than that of control ones. If calculated for the same time period (120 d) and area (1 m²), the amount of sodium chloride taken up by S. europaea plants would be 11.7 times larger than the amount taken up by L. gmelinii plants (486 g/m² vs. 41 g/m²). Thus, S. europaea is the better choice of halophyte for recycling sodium chloride from human wastes in BLSS.     

Seasonal variation of surface refractivity over Nigeria

The seasonal variation of surface refractivity over Nigeria was studied using two years in-situ meteorological data from eight locations over Nigeria. The result shows that the surface refractivity generally has higher value during rainy season than dry season at all location studied. The results also show that the value of surface refractivity increases from arid region in the north to the coastal area in south. The results also show that local meteorology plays a very important role in refractivity variation.     

纵向通风公路隧道空气污染浓度适时预报算法

公路隧道空气污染模型的计算通常采用有限体积法,耗时费力,在通风系统的动态调控中不易使用.根据隧道内污染物浓度沿隧道长度近似线性分布的特点,从二阶偏微分方程表示的隧道通风污染模型中推导出了动态预测隧道出口空气污染物浓度的线性迭代方程,对方程中新出现的变量提出了可行的计算方法,同时对方程所描述的物理过程进行了解释．用西汉高速秦岭隧道内的CO浓度的实测数据对方程进行了验证,发现此方程能够在离线的情况下粗略预报隧道出口CO浓度值．为进一步改善预报精度,利用实测数据对上述方程进行修正,提出了一种带有观测误差修正的预报算法,并用现场数据对修正后的预报算法进行验证,结果表明修正后的预报算法能够更准确地在线预测隧道出口实际CO浓度值．     

材料和尺寸参数对Rainbow型压电换能器发电能力的影响

给出了一种多方向振动能量收集装置的设计结构.为研究Rainbow型压电换能器材料、尺寸参数对其发电能力的影响,根据压电材料的机电耦合方程和对换能器的力学理论分析,建立了Rainbow型压电换能器开路电压与输出电能的数学模型.对开路电压模型进行了仿真验证,仿真结果与理论分析一致.对输出电能理论模型的数值模拟分析表明,金属基片的宽度与厚度、换能结构初始曲率半径的增大将会引起换能结构两片压电薄膜输出电能的降低;金属基片长度、压电薄膜宽度的增大将会引起两片压电薄膜输出电能的增加;压电薄膜长度、厚度的增大将会使得两片压电薄膜输出电能先增加后减小;铍青铜基片换能器要优于钢基片换能器;换能器弧形内侧压电薄膜的输出电能都要大于外侧压电薄膜.最后,结合Rainbow型压电换能器的力学分析给出了分析结果的合理解释.     

一次特殊的平流雾天气分析

利用常规天气图和数值预报产品对2010年一次罕见的、突发性强的大雾天气进行了诠释,以便今后更好地做好平流雾的预报工作。