Attitude control system design and on-orbit performance analysis of nano-satellite––‘‘Tian Tuo 1’’

‘‘Tian Tuo 1'(TT-1) nano-satellite is the first single-board nano-satellite that was successfully launched in China. The main objective of TT-1 is technology demonstration and scientific measurements. The satellite carries out the significant exploration of single-board architecture feasibility validation, and it is tailored to the low-cost philosophy by adopting numerous commercialoff-the-shelf(COTS) components. The satellite is featured with three-axis stabilization control capability. A pitch bias momentum wheel and three magnetic coils are adopted as control actuators.The sun sensors, magnetometers and a three-axis gyro are employed as the measurement sensors.The quaternion estimator(QUEST) and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) method are adopted for the nano-satellite attitude determination. On-orbit data received by ground station is conducted to analysis the performance of attitude determination and control system(ADCS). The results show that the design of ADCS for TT-1 is suitable, robust and feasible.     

Dynamic analysis of C/C composite finger seal

A seal device as an important component of aeroengines has decisive influence on per- formance, reliability, and working life of aeroengines. With the development of aeroengines, demands on the performance characteristics of seal devices are made strictly. Finger seal as a novel kind of sealing device, recently attracts more and more attentions in academic circles and engineer- ing fields at home and abroad. Research on finger seals has been extensively developed, especially on leakage and wear performances under dynamic conditions. However, it is a pity that the work on finger seals has been limited with a single approach that is improving the performance by structural optimization; in addition, the technology of dynamic analysis on finger seals is weak. Aiming at the problems mentioned above, a distributed mass equivalent dynamic model of finger seals considering the coupling effect of overlaid laminates is established in the present paper, the dynamic perfor- mance of 2.5 dimension C/C composite finger seal is analyzed with the model, and then the effects of fiber bundle density and fiber bundle preparation direction on finger seal＇s dynamic performance are discussed, as well as compared with those of Co-based alloy finger seal. The current work is about dynamic analysis of finger seals and application of C/C composite in this paper may have much academic significance and many engineering values for improving research level of finger seal dynamics and exploring feasibility of C/C composite being used for finger seals.     

区域杂波估计的多目标跟踪方法

高斯粒子概率假设密度（PHD）滤波往往假定杂波密度参数已知,这种做法对于实际应用是不现实的。此外,杂波的参数值通常依赖于环境条件,可能随时间发生变化。因此,多目标跟踪算法中需要实时准确估计杂波密度的参数。基于此,提出了一种多目标跟踪的区域杂波估计方法。首先根据量测信息在线估计出场景中的杂波数目,然后估计落入目标附近感兴趣区域的杂波数,并估计每个目标感兴趣区域杂波强度。仿真结果表明,在复杂场景下算法的跟踪性能明显优于未进行杂波估计的多目标跟踪算法,提高了跟踪的实时性和跟踪精度。     

Coupling damage and reliability model of low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact based on the local stress–strain approach

Fatigue induced products generally bear fatigue loads accompanied by impact processes,which reduces their reliable life rapidly. This paper introduces a reliability assessment model based on a local stress–strain approach considering both low-cycle fatigue and high energy impact loads.Two coupling relationships between fatigue and impact are given with effects of an impact process on fatigue damage and effects of fatigue damage on impact performance. The analysis of the former modifies the fatigue parameters and the Manson–Coffin equation for fatigue life based on material theories. On the other hand, the latter proposes the coupling variables and the difference of fracture toughness caused by accumulative fatigue damage. To form an overall reliability model including both fatigue failure and impact failure, a competing risk model is developed. A case study of an actuator cylinder is given to validate this method.     

Friction moment analysis of space gyroscope bearing with ribbon cage under ultra-low oscillatory motion

This paper presents the model of calculating the total friction moment of space gyroscope ball bearings which usually work under ultra-low oscillatory motion and are very sensitive to the friction moment. The aim is to know the proportion of the friction moment caused by each frictional source in the bearing＇s total friction moment, which is helpful to optimize the bearing design to deduce the friction moment. In the model, the cage dynamic equations considering six degree-of-freedom and the balls dynamic equations considering two degree-of-freedom were solved.The good trends with different loads between the measured friction moments and computational results prove that the model under constant rate was validated. The computational results show that when the speed was set at 5 r/min, the bearing＇s maximum total friction moment when oscillation occurred was obviously larger than that occurred at a constant rate. At the onset of each oscillatory motion, the proportion of the friction moment caused by cage in the bearing＇s total friction moment was very high, and it increased with the increasing speed. The analyses of different cage thicknesses and different clearances between cage pocket and ball show that smaller thickness and clearance were preferred.     

存在观测站位置误差的转发式时差无源定位

无源定位中,由于观测站安放在运动平台等原因造成的观测站位置误差会影响无源定位精度性能。另外到达时间差(简称时差)(TDOA)的转发式测量需要将不同观测站截获到的辐射源信号都转发到同一位置,如主观测站。针对这两个问题,提出了基于约束总体最小二乘(CTLS)的无源定位算法。首先将转发式时差的非线性定位方程转化为不需要中间变量的直接线性方程,再基于CTLS算法依次转化为约束优化问题和无约束优化问题,最后推导给出定位近似闭式解。仿真实验表明在观测站误差较大时,该算法与其他算法相比定位精度性能较好。     

带迎角钨杆斜侵彻铝板数值仿真研究

为研究迎角对钨杆斜侵过程的影响,开展了带迎角钨杆斜侵彻铝板数值仿真研究。仿真中采用SPH方法,Shock状态方程和Steinberg本构模型。钨杆共有两种尺寸,分别为Φ10mm×23mm和Φ10mm×46mm。铝板厚10mm,撞击速度为2km/s,撞击角度为60°。为简化分析,将迎角分解为俯仰角和偏航角,其中俯仰角范围为-90°～90°,偏航角范围为0°～90°。对钨杆侵彻过程的分析结果表明：斜侵彻存在临界迎角,在临界迎角范围内钨杆所受力矩可忽略不计;在临界迎角范围外,钨杆将发生弯曲甚至折断。对钨杆的剩余质量分析结果表明：当偏航角为0°且钨杆未折断时,剩余质量只在较小的范围内变化;当俯仰角为0°时,剩余质量随迎角增加线性减小。对钨杆的剩余速度分析结果表明：偏航角对剩余速度的影响与俯仰角对剩余速度的影响基本一致,剩余速度曲线关于0°迎角基本对称。根据仿真结果,采用曲线拟合的方法给出了钨杆斜侵彻铝板的剩余速度经验公式。     

复合材料夹层结构在航空领域的应用

详细描述了复合材料夹层结构及几种常用芯材的性能特点,综合分析了复合材料夹层结构在飞机上的应用案例,对各种夹层结构芯材成型工艺的重点、难点进行了探析,得到了复合材料夹层结构的性能概况及使用工艺要求,可为复合材料夹层结构设计、制造提供参考。     

气孔缺陷对TA15 钛合金氩弧焊接头疲劳性能的影响

对TA15钛合金氩弧焊接接头的组织和疲劳断裂特征进行了分析,对气孔缺陷和疲劳寿命的关系进行了定量表征.结果表明:疲劳裂纹起源于焊缝的亚表面或者内部气孔缺陷,当气孔尺寸较小时,断口会出现“鱼眼”形貌特征;应力水平较低时,气孔尺寸对疲劳寿命的影响尤为显著,在特定的应力水平下,可以通过构件中的气孔缺陷尺寸来预测其寿命,对于焊接结构疲劳寿命的预测和构件焊接质量的评定具有重要的工程意义.     

多段翼混合边界层改变对流场的影响研究

前缘缝翼尾流与主翼边界层混合的改变对主翼气动力具有重要影响.利用数值模拟手段,通过在前缘缝翼尾缘添加一定动量系数的喷流,改变前缘缝翼尾缘的尾流,进而改变尾流与主翼边界层的混合状况.求解二维多段翼模型30P30N在各个不同喷流条件下的二维非定常流场,结果表明:提高前缘缝翼尾缘喷流的动量系数,将使前缘缝翼尾流和主翼边界层混合开始点后移,提高主翼上表面负压峰值和主翼升力;混合开始点对主翼的负压峰值及升力均有一定的影响;增大来流攻角会抑制前缘缝翼尾流和主翼边界层的混合.