基于海杂波稀疏性与非均匀度的样本挑选方法

针对预警雷达对海监视面临海杂波分布非均匀与杂波样本受目标污染,导致自适应杂波抑制处理性能恶化和目标能量损失的问题,提出了一种基于海杂波稀疏性与非均匀度的样本挑选方法。该方法将目标的导向约束与广义内积样本挑选方法结合,先利用海杂波在空时二维平面上的稀疏分布特性,根据海杂波与目标空时二维分布差异剔除被目标污染的样本,再利用广义内积准则衡量海杂波分布的非均匀程度,并获取均匀样本,以提高杂波协方差矩阵的估计精度。仿真结果表明:所提方法能在提高杂波抑制性能的同时,减小目标信号能量损失。该方法可广泛应用于海面预警监视雷达系统。     

Carbon dioxide interactions with irradiance and temperature in potatoes.

Separate controlled environment studies were conducted to determine the interaction of CO2 with irradiance and interaction of CO2 with temperature on growth of three potato cultivars. In the first study, an elevated CO2 concentration of 1000 micromoles mol-1 and an ambient CO2 of 350 micromoles mol-1 were maintained at the photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPF) of 17 and 34 mol m-2 d-1 with 12 h photoperiod, and at the PPF of 34 and 68 mol m-2 d-1 with 24 h photoperiod (400 and 800 micromoles m-2 s-1 PPF at each photoperiod). Tuber and total dry weights of 90-day old potatoes were significantly increased with CO2 enrichment, but the CO2 stimulation was less with higher PPF and longer photoperiod. Shoot dry weight was affected more by photoperiod than by PPF and CO2 concentrations. The elevated CO2 concentration increased leaf CO2 assimilation rates and decreased stomatal conductance with 12 h photoperiod, but had only a marginal effect with 24 h photoperiod. In the second study, four CO2 concentrations of 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 micromoles mol-1 were combined with two air temperature regimes of 16 and 20 degrees C under a 12 h photoperiod. At harvest, 35 days after transplanting, tuber and total dry weights of potatoes reached a maximum with 1000 micromoles mol-1 CO2 at 16 degrees C, but continued to increase up to 2000 micromoles mol-1 CO2 at 20 degrees C. Plant growth was greater at 20 degrees C than at 16 degrees C under all CO2 concentrations. At 16 degrees C specific leaf weight increased substantially with increasing CO2 concentrations as compared to 500 micromoles mol-1 CO2, but increased only slightly at 20 degrees C. This suggests a carbohydrate build-up in the leaves at 16 degrees C temperature that reduces plant response to increased CO2 concentrations. The data in the two studies indicate that a PPF of 34 mol m-2 d-1, 20 degrees C temperature, and 1000-2000 micromoles mol-1 CO2 produces optimal tuber yield in potatoes.     

空间对接机构差动式缓冲阻尼系统运动学仿真

着重分析空间对接机构差动式缓冲阻尼及传动系统主要组件： 丝杠差动组合、齿轮差动组合的机构运动学原理。在此基础上建立系统的运动学模型， 利用捕获环伸出过程和缓冲阻尼过程系统运动学仿真验证了系统模型。     

水平标准器的研制及应用

着重介绍了水平标准器的工作原理及设计构思，并对仪器的误差作了简要分析。     

Solid matrix and liquid culture procedures for growth of potatoes.

This report discusses the advantages and limitations of several different procedures for growth of potatoes for CELSS. Solution culture, in which roots and stolons are submerged, and aeroponic culture were not found useful for potatoes because stolons did not produce tubers unless a severe stress was applied to the plants. In detailed comparison studies, three selected culture systems were compared, nutrient film technique (NFT), NFT with shallow media, and pot culture with deep media. For the NFT and NFT plus shallow media, plants were grown in 0.3 m2 trays and for the deep medium culture, in 20 liter pots. A 1 cm depth of arcillite, a baked montmorillonite clay, was used as shallow media (NFT-arc). Peat-vermiculite mixture was used to fill the pots for the deep media. Nutrient solution, modified half-strength Hoagland's, was recirculated among the tray culture plants with pH automatically controlled at 5.5, and conductivity maintained at approximately 1100 microS cm-1 by adding stock nutrients or renewing the solution. A separate nutrient solution was used to water the pot plants four times daily to excess and the excess was discarded. Plants of Norland cv. were utilized and transplanted from sterile-propagated stem cutting plantlets. The plants were grown for 66 days under 12 h photoperiod in a first study and grown for 54 days under 24 h photoperiod in a second study. Under both photoperiods, total plant growth was greater in NFT-arc than in either NFT or pot culture. Under 12 h photoperiod, tuber dry weight was 30% higher with NFT-arc, but 50% lower with NFT, than with pot culture. Under 24 h photoperiod, however, tuber dry weight in both NFT and NFT-arc was only 20% of that in pot culture. The NFT and NFT-arc produced a greater shoot growth and larger number of small tubers than pot culture, especially with 24 h photoperiod. It is concluded that there are serious limitations to the use of NFT alone for growth of potatoes in a CELSS system. These limitations can be minimized by using a modified NFT with a shallow layer of media, such as arcillite, yet additional work is needed to ensure high tuber production with this system under long photoperiods.     

Motion compensation for ISAR and noise effect

A method of motion compensation for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) is proposed. The techniques of interpolation, cross correlation, and estimation are used together. Essential to the method is the fact that avoiding cross-range image aliasing due to Doppler ambiguities requires range profiles to be generated at an adequate rate. The effect of noise on motion compensation is studied by means of simulation. The quality of the reconstructed image is used to evaluate the method     

动态热机械法研究天然橡胶硫化胶的热氧老化性能

介绍了用动态热机械分析仪测定天然橡胶（NR）硫化胶耐老化性能的原理及方法。通过测定胶料在160℃、恒温30min下的动态模量谱，来评估硫化胶的耐老化性能。同时测定硫化胶力学性能随老化时间的变化情况。结果显示：老化后储能模量减少，损耗模量和损耗因子tanδ总体呈增加趋势。力学性能随老化时间的延长呈先增加而后下降趋势。     

双马赫反射的数值模拟与光学干涉定量测量的比较(M_s=4.62)

本文用欧拉方程计算了楔形角为40°,M_s=4.62双马赫反射的流场,计算采用了矢通量分裂和 TVD 两种格式,并考虑了γ=1.4和高温平衡气体两种情况。流场的密度场测量采用双曝光全息、M-Z、差分三种干涉技术。壁面密度分布的计算与测量结果比较表明:三种干涉方法测量结果差别不大,都处在γ=1.4和平衡气体的计算结果范围内。     

有作动器饱和的自适应多步回推飞行控制设计(英文)

由于作动器饱和会使飞控系统的性能恶化甚至引起飞行事故 ,所以在设计阶段考虑作动器饱和的影响可以减小飞控系统设计的保守性从而显著提高系统性能。在本文的自适应 BACKSTEPPING(回推 )飞控系统设计过程中考虑了作动器的位置和速率饱和。该方案的核心思想是在发生饱和的时候重新选取控制李雅普诺夫函数和自适应律。该思想是基于如下简单事实 :出现饱和时伪控制量将发生变化。整个设计过程是对早期提出的自适应回推控制方案的一个修正。该方案的稳定性得到了严格的数学证明和仿真验证。文章最后给出了结论和对该方案的评价