星载多光谱扫描仪光机结构模块化设计

文章主要叙述对星载多光谱扫描仪光机系统进行结构模块化设计的必要性、步骤以及设计结果。     

GPS自主定姿定轨技术在新一代大型静止轨道卫星上的应用

GPS技术是航天工程中具有发展前途的关键技术，是卫星自主定姿定轨高效经济的方法。新一代大型静止轨道卫星（即地球同步轨道静止卫星）上采用GPS自主定姿定轨技术能使卫星定姿定轨技术上一个新台阶。本文着重分析研究了新一代大型静止轨道卫星平台上采用GPS自主定姿定轨技术的可行性。     

圆柱体绕横轴气动力和气动热的试验研究

对圆柱体绕垂直中心轴线的横轴旋转时的气动阻力矩和气动热做了试验研究，描述了能将阻力降低８０％左右的加罩法。     

载人航天器舱内辐射剂量监测技术综述

文章介绍了美国、苏联/俄罗斯载人航天器舱内辐射剂量监测技术及部分监测结果,分析了我国“神舟3号”和“神舟4号”飞船返回舱内的辐射剂量探测技术及结果,并在此基础上就我国载人航天器的辐射剂量探测方法提出若干建议。     

低温下Whipple防护结构超高速撞击效应研究

文章研究了低温下空间碎片对典型Whipple防护结构的超高速撞击效应。首先在二级轻气炮设备上研制出使用液氮可将撞击靶冷却至-150 ℃且满足低温超高速撞击试验要求的低温装置。利用该装置开展了低温条件下的超高速撞击试验,对低温和室温两种条件下的试验结果进行了比对,并分别对缓冲屏穿孔特性、碎片云特性和后墙损伤特性之间的差异进行了分析。文章最后给出低温下典型Whipple防护结构的弹道极限曲线。     

基于相位扰动的抗有源加性复合干扰技术

针对有源加性复合干扰,研究了基于相位扰动原理的干扰抑制方法。在结合LFM信号特征的基础上,对雷达发射信号的前后脉冲分别附加近似正交的扰动相位,再通过与前一脉冲重复周期相应的匹配滤波器将复合干扰中的欺骗干扰成分加强,并对脉冲压缩结果加以"惩罚",最后采用匹配滤波逆运算恢复出目标回波信号。     

80C31微处理器单粒子效应敏感性地面试验研究

文章针对不同厂家的80C31微处理器,利用重离子、锎源模拟源进行单粒子效应地面试验研究。详细介绍了80C31微处理器单粒子效应试验原理、试验方法、试验系统的软硬件组成以及试验取得的结论。通过试验研究获得了80C31微处理器单粒子翻转和单粒子锁定特征参数。研究结果可为被测器件在卫星型号的使用提供技术参考依据。     

Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

太赫兹光谱探测技术发展现状与趋势*

光谱探测技术在物质识别、材料科学、生化及医药研究中有着广泛的应用。太赫兹波作为频率介于毫米波和红外之间的电磁波,由于其独特的光谱性质,近年来在光谱探测领域扮演着重要的角色。相比其他频段的光谱探测,极性分子对太赫兹光谱的特性吸收和太赫兹波的强相干性,使得太赫兹光谱探测可以直接获得材料的物化性质。首先介绍太赫兹技术原理,然后介绍太赫兹光谱技术特点、发展历程与现状,最后给出太赫兹光谱技术发展趋势。     

航天器在轨运行段遥控作业规范化设计与实现

针对当前航天器长期运行段遥控作业中人工干预环节较多、自动化智能化水平较低、流程标准化较低、要素不完整、事后工作不完整等问题,在分析形成遥控作业规范化需求的基础上,对遥控作业运行流程、功能模块、异常报警处置策略进行设计与规范。将遥控作业分为遥控上行前、中、后三个阶段,在现有基础上增加启动时机合法性自动检测、状态自动判别、时间条件自动驱动、注入结果自动评估、事后安全处置、自动退出、异常情况下循环报警推送处置策略等模块,完成遥控作业编写的规范性设计。最后,选取50颗在轨卫星对规范后的遥控作业进行验证,并与已有的作业进行了量化比对,结果显示,规范化遥控作业显著提升了上行工作的安全性、可靠性和运行效率,可提高航天器在轨稳定运行性。