Comparison of BBfs Observed by Single and Multi Satellites

This paper, using the data of three Cluster satellites, compares the observations of Bursty Bulk Flow (BBF) by single satellite with those by multi satellites. The results indicate that there exists remarkable difference between observations of BBF by single satellite and multi satellites. The observations of BBF by a single satellite depend on its position relative to the flow channel. The difference is caused by the localization characteristics of fast flows in the plasma sheet, and can lead to diverging views about substorm and causal relations among substorm phenomena.      

计及大迎角失速的直升机旋翼的气动力模拟

为了描述旋翼诱导速度的分布和大小,综合应用动态入流理论和王氏涡流理论,建立了一个适合直升机机动飞行时的入流模型;以叶素理论为基础,采用状态空间表达式的形式,建立起旋翼非定常气动模型,得到了旋翼气动力随桨盘方位角的变化规律,计算结果与参考数据吻合较好;最终针对失速流和深度失速流两种情况,以MATLAB软件为计算平台,求得了在给定输入情况下某型直升机平飞跃升机动过程中的旋翼拉力响应曲线,研究了大迎角情况下的气动载荷,为直升机旋翼的非定常气动力模拟提供了参考.     

MHD Flow Control of Oblique Shock Waves Around Ramps in Low-temperature Supersonic Flows

This article is devoted to experimental study on the control of the oblique shock wave around the ramp in a low-temperature supersonic flow by means of the magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) flow control technique. The purpose of the experiments is to take advantage of MHD interaction to weaken the oblique shock wave strength by changing the boundary flow characteristics around the ramp. Plasma columns are generated by pulsed direct current(DC) discharge, the magnetic fields are generated by Nd-Fe-B rare-earth permanent magnets and the oblique shock waves in supersonic flow are generated by the ramp. The Lorentz body force effect of MHD interaction on the plasma-induced airflow velocity is verified through particle image velocimetry(PIV) measurements. The experimental results from the supersonic wind tunnel indicate that the MHD flow control can drastically change the flow characteristics of the airflow around the ramp and decrease the ratio of the Pitot pressure after shock wave to that before it by up to 19. 66%, which leads to the decline in oblique shock wave strength. The oblique shock waves in front of the ramp move upstream by the action of the Lorentz body force. The discharge characteristics are analyzed and the MHD interaction time and consumed energy are determined with the help of the pulsed DC discharge images. The interaction parameter corresponding to the boundary layer velocity can reach 1. 3 from the momentum conservation equation. The velocity of the plasma column in the magnetic field is much faster than that in the absence of magnetic field force. The plasma can strike the neutral gas molecules to transfer momentum and accelerate the flow around the ramp.     

积冰对飞机飞行性能的影响

针对飞机飞行过程中出现的积冰所带来的不利影响,提出一种求解积冰条件下飞行性能的思路.基于二维有限基本解法对翼型前缘的积冰形状进行预测;在计算飞行性能时,利用数值模拟的方法求解RNG(Renormalization Group) k-ε湍流模型下的雷诺平均N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程,对飞机全机流场进行解算,从而得出积冰状态下飞机的升力、阻力特性.最终结果表明:积冰严重影响着飞机的飞行性能,这与由相关实验得出的结论一致.该方法可应用于工程领域,对积冰条件下飞机的飞行性能进行快捷、有效地求解,为研究飞机防冰技术、提高飞行性能提供参考.      

基于检查单机制的过程剪裁方法CPTM

如何对组织标准化软件过程进行合理剪裁从而得到真正适合项目特点的项目定义软件过程是 一个既关键又复杂的技术.首先阐述了组织标准化软件过程;然后介绍了过程剪裁,深入分析 了4个影响过程剪裁的方面,在此基础上,提出一种基于检查单机制的过程剪裁方法CPTM(Ch ecklist-based Process Tailoring Method),并详细描述了运用它进行过程剪裁的步骤; 最后给出了CPTM的一个应用实例.实践证明,CPTM使过程剪裁简便易行,大大减少了软件组 织在过程剪裁上的投入.      

超音速气流绕局部透气凹角流动的数值模拟

以具有压力分裂形式的简化Ｎ Ｓ方程为控制方程,数值模拟了超音速来流条件下的激波 边界层干扰被动控制（ｐａｓｓｉｖｅｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｏｆｓｈｏｃｋ ｂｏｕｎｄａｒｙｌａｙｅｒｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｏｎ）。模拟是以预先给定激波前吹气和激波后吸气的流量来实现的。为了定性地确定吹气或吸气对激波 边界层干扰的影响,首先计算了单独吹气和单独吸气两种情况。数值计算时采用了多重扫描法对控制方程差分离散,以反映亚音速区压力对流场的椭圆性影响。     

三维效应对轴流压气机气动稳定性的影响

轴流压气机的气动稳定性模型,最初为一维模型,仅适用于描述喘振发作.对于旋转失速发作,在公开文献中有一些二维模型发表.本文提出了一类考虑压气机径向扰动对失速影响的新的气动稳定性模型.计算结果表明压气机的轴向扰动往往随着径向扰动的产生,径向扰动的强度影响压气机的气动稳定性,在叶尖还是叶根首先产生失速与压气机基元叶栅特性密切相关.本文对轴流压气机二维和三维气动稳定性模型的计算结果进行了对比分析.     

脉动燃烧技术的回顾和展望

本文着重介绍了脉动燃烧的性质、特点以及它的发展历史和当今国内外在此领域内研究和应用的现状。并且对脉动燃烧研究和应用中现存的问题及困难做了剖析,并对这一领域进一步发展的方向提出了自己的见解.      

超音速绕凹角流动激波与紊流附面层干扰数值解

本文对超音速绕凹角激波与紊流附面层干扰流动进行了计算。计算采用Ce-beei-Keller Box方法;紊流模型用代数涡粘性模型;压强分布用流过尖劈统一的高超音速与超音速公式;对激波与紊流附面层干扰进行迭代修正。计算较好地预估了壁面压强分布以及压强开始升高点位置。     

纤维增强及匀质层层叠板动力分析的解析与半解析方法

本文引入复合板条振型函数系列,提出二种层叠板解法。一种纯解析法适用于各种边界条件的矩形层叠板的动力计算;另一种半解析半数值方法适用于任意形状、任意边界的层叠板动力计算,比现有数值计算方法节省大量内存与时间。文中还给出了一系列常用层叠板计算公式。